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We aimed to investigate the relation between PDA and morbidity in a large retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case-control study including neonates consecutively admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), with gestational age (GA)\u2009&lt;\u200932\u2009weeks or body birth weight (BW)\u2009&lt;\u20091500\u2009g, over a 5-year period. Newborns were divided into Cases and Controls, according with the presence or absence of a hemodynamically significant PDA (hs-PDA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We enrolled 85 Cases and 193 Controls. Subjects with hs-PDA had significantly (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) lower GA (26.7 w, 95%CI 27.1\u201328.0 vs. 30.1 w, 95%CI 29.7\u201330.4), BW (1024\u2009g, 95% CI 952\u20131097 vs. 1310\u2009g 95%CI 1263\u20131358) and an increased morbidity (60.0% vs. 18.7%). In a sub-group of extremely preterm newborns (GA\u2009\u2264\u200928\u2009weeks and BW\u2009\u2264\u20091000\u2009g), the rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was significantly increased in Cases (31.7%) compared with Controls (5.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.033). Multivariate analysis showed that morbidity significantly depended on hs-PDA, GA and BW, and that, in extremely preterms, the hs-PDA represented an independent risk factor for BPD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Occurrence of the main morbidities of prematurity depended by hs-PDA, in association with GA, BW, and use of prenatal steroids. In extremely premature babies, hs-PDA is a risk factor for BPD, one of the most important morbidity of prematurity, independently by other confounding variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-021-00956-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T08:02:53Z","timestamp":1610611373000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Morbidity associated with patent ductus arteriosus in preterm newborns: a retrospective case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3541-2876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Terrin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Di Chiara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Boscarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Metrangolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Faccioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Onest\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Giancotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Violante","family":"Di Donato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Cardilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"De Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"956_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-014-1646-6","volume":"82","author":"R Bhat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bhat R, Das UG. 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