{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:04:42Z","timestamp":1785423882584,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ital J Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Trachoma is an infectious disease of the eye caused by <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> and transmitted via contact with eye discharge from infected persons and leading to blindness worldwide. Children less than 9\u2009years of age affected more seriously. The disease is common where access to water and sanitation are limited.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To determine the prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1\u20139\u2009years in rural communities of Metema District, West Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A community based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 792 children aged 1\u20139\u2009years old in Metema district from April to May 2018. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and eye examination using binocular loupe to differentiate trachoma cases was the data collection methods and tools. The bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed for analysis. <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value &lt;\u20090.05 was considered to declare statistical significance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 752 children aged l-9\u2009years were enrolled in this study with response rate of 94.9%. The overall prevalence of active trachoma among the study participants was 11.8% (95% CI, 9.5\u201313.9). Unprotected source of water (AOR\u2009=\u20094.7; 95% CI: 2.5\u20138.9), lower household water consumption (AOR\u2009=\u20092.8; 95% CI: 1.3\u20136.0), improper latrine utilization (AOR\u2009=\u20093.2; 95% CI: 1.5\u20136.7), and frequency of face washing once per day (AOR\u2009=\u20095.3; 95% CI: 1.2\u201326.6) were the factors significantly associated with active trachoma.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The current study revealed a lower overall prevalence of active trachoma (11.8%) than the WHO threshold prevalence (20%) used to declare it as a severe public health problem. All residents and health professional should collaborate on trachoma prevention by implementing the WHO SAFE strategy- surgery for trichiasis, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement for further trachoma elimination.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-021-01064-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1621249376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Low prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1\u20139\u2009years in rural communities of Metema District, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Kessete","family":"Ayelgn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadesse","family":"Guadu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0471-330X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atalay","family":"Getachew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1064_CR1","volume-title":"Prevention of blindness and visual impairment (Priority Eye Diseases): Trachoma","author":"WHO","year":"2011","unstructured":"WHO: Prevention of blindness and visual impairment (Priority Eye Diseases): Trachoma. 2011."},{"key":"1064_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.5_suppl_1.0690033","volume":"69","author":"SP Mariotti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mariotti SP, Pararajasegaram R, Resnikoff S. 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Support letter and permission letter were obtained from Metema District Health Office. The study participants were provided full information regarding the purpose and nature of the research then written consent was obtained from each parent or caregiver of participants. Participation in the study was on a voluntary basis, and participants were informed about their right not to participate in the study or withdraw at any time. Moreover, the confidentiality of the information was assured by using an anonymous questionnaire. All identified cases of active trachoma were provided with the standard treatment free of charge and complicated cases were referred to the nearest health center for better treatment.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"This manuscript does not contain any individual person\u2019s data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there is no both financial and non-financial competing interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"114"}}