{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T15:51:24Z","timestamp":1740153084195,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Project of Central Health Care Special Fund, China","award":["No. W2017BJ52"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. W2017BJ52"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.81870996"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.81870996"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ital J Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study aimed to provide a summary of the measures to assess narcoleptic symptoms or complications in pediatric narcolepsy patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We searched in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) for measures of narcoleptic symptoms for pediatric patients. Further review was conducted if relevant questionnaires or information were mentioned.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There were only two narcolepsy-specific questionnaires, the narcolepsy severity scale and Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale, neither of them was developed or validated in the pediatric population. For cataplexy, all the measures were study-specific diaries and were not validated questionnaires. For excessive daytime sleepiness, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was most frequently used to measure excessive daytime sleepiness in children. For nighttime sleep, the Children\u2019s Sleep Habits Questionnaire was most frequently used. For depression, the Children Depression Inventory was the most frequently used. For attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder, the Child Behavior Checklist was the most frequently used. For quality of life, KIDSCREEN was most frequently used.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At present, there is a lack of disease-specific and validated questionnaires for pediatric narcoleptic patients. This need can be met by modifying and adjusting the existing adult questionnaires and developing new questionnaires for pediatric narcoleptic patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-021-01068-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T12:11:34Z","timestamp":1622635894000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Symptom measures in pediatric narcolepsy patients: a review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuguang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1068_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70075-4","volume":"13","author":"M Partinen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Partinen M, Kornum BR, Plazzi G, Jennum P, Julkunen I, Vaarala O. Narcolepsy as an autoimmune disease: the role of H1N1 infection and vaccination. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13(6):600\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70075-4.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"9560","key":"1068_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60237-2","volume":"369","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dauvilliers Y, Arnulf I, Mignot E. Narcolepsy with cataplexy. Lancet (London, England). 2007;369(9560):499\u2013511.","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200620010-00004","volume":"20","author":"MJ Thorpy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Thorpy MJ. Cataplexy associated with narcolepsy: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. CNS Drugs. 2006;20(1):43\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00023210-200620010-00004.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4910","volume":"38","author":"M Lecendreux","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lecendreux M, Lavault S, Lopez R, Inocente CO, Konofal E, Cortese S, et al. Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in pediatric narcolepsy: a cross-sectional study. Sleep. 2015;38(8):1285\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5665\/sleep.4910.","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"9","key":"1068_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.3004","volume":"9","author":"T Roth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Roth T, Dauvilliers Y, Mignot E, Montplaisir J, Paul J, Swick T, et al. Disrupted nighttime sleep in narcolepsy. J Clin Sleep Med. 2013;9(9):955\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.3004.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1068_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2005.00476.x","volume":"14","author":"MM Ohayon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ohayon MM, Ferini-Strambi L, Plazzi G, Smirne S, Castronovo V. Frequency of narcolepsy symptoms and other sleep disorders in narcoleptic patients and their first-degree relatives. J Sleep Res. 2005;14(4):437\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2005.00476.x.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1068_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.03.002","volume":"14","author":"MM Ohayon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ohayon MM. Narcolepsy is complicated by high medical and psychiatric comorbidities: a comparison with the general population. Sleep Med. 2013;14(6):488\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.03.002.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.07.025","volume":"16","author":"L Zamarian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zamarian L, Hogl B, Delazer M, Hingerl K, Gabelia D, Mitterling T, et al. Subjective deficits of attention, cognition and depression in patients with narcolepsy. Sleep Med. 2015;16(1):45\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.07.025.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1068_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1116","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0647","volume":"118","author":"G Stores","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stores G, Montgomery P, Wiggs L. The psychosocial problems of children with narcolepsy and those with excessive daytime sleepiness of uncertain origin. Pediatrics. 2006;118(4):e1116\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2006-0647.","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.06.006","volume":"13","author":"P Jennum","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jennum P, Ibsen R, Petersen ER, Knudsen S, Kjellberg J. Health, social, and economic consequences of narcolepsy: a controlled national study evaluating the societal effect on patients and their partners. Sleep Med. 2012;13(8):1086\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.06.006.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"1068_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.10.010","volume":"8","author":"R Dodel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dodel R, Peter H, Spottke A, Noelker C, Althaus A, Siebert U, et al. Health-related quality of life in patients with narcolepsy. Sleep Med. 2007;8(7\u20138):733\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.10.010.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1068_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","volume":"14","author":"MW Johns","year":"1991","unstructured":"Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep. 1991;14(6):540\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540.","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"6","key":"1068_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(82)90142-0","volume":"53","author":"MM Mitler","year":"1982","unstructured":"Mitler MM, Gujavarty KS, Browman CP. Maintenance of wakefulness test: a polysomnographic technique for evaluation treatment efficacy in patients with excessive somnolence. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1982;53(6):658\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0013-4694(82)90142-0.","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"14","key":"1068_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003787","volume":"88","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dauvilliers Y, Beziat S, Pesenti C, Lopez R, Barateau L, Carlander B, et al. Measurement of narcolepsy symptoms: the narcolepsy severity scale. Neurology. 2017;88(14):1358\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003787.","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.1994.tb00104.x","volume":"3","author":"C Hublin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hublin C, Kaprio J, Partinen M, Koskenvuo M, Heikkila K. The Ullanlinna narcolepsy scale: validation of a measure of symptoms in the narcoleptic syndrome. J Sleep Res. 1994;3(1):52\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.1994.tb00104.x.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.06.002","volume":"13","author":"YJ Lee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee YJ, Cho SJ, Cho IH, Jang JH, Kim SJ. The relationship between psychotic-like experiences and sleep disturbances in adolescents. Sleep Med. 2012;13(8):1021\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.06.002.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.8.1025","volume":"29","author":"H Murali","year":"2006","unstructured":"Murali H, Kotagal S. Off-label treatment of severe childhood narcolepsy-cataplexy with sodium oxybate. Sleep. 2006;29(8):1025\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/29.8.1025.","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.09.018","volume":"15","author":"YS Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang YS, Guilleminault C, Chen CH, Lai PC, Hwang FM. Narcolepsy-cataplexy and schizophrenia in adolescents. Sleep Med. 2014;15(1):15\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.09.018.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1068_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1590\/1984-0462\/;2017;35;3;00015","volume":"35","author":"C Meyer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Meyer C, Ferrari GJJ, Barbosa DG, Andrade RD, Pelegrini A, PG F\u00c9. Analysis of daytime sleepiniess in adolescents by the Pediatric daytime sleepiness scale: a systematic review. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2017;35(3):351\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1984-0462\/;2017;35;3;00015.","journal-title":"Rev Paul Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"1068_CR20","first-page":"455","volume":"26","author":"C Drake","year":"2003","unstructured":"Drake C, Nickel C, Burduvali E, Roth T, Jefferson C, Pietro B. The pediatric daytime sleepiness scale (PDSS): sleep habits and school outcomes in middle-school children. Sleep. 2003;26(4):455\u20138.","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"4","key":"1068_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.1996.00251.x","volume":"5","author":"O Bruni","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bruni O, Ottaviano S, Guidetti V, Romoli M, Innocenzi M, Cortesi F, et al. The sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC). Construction and validation of an instrument to evaluate sleep disturbances in childhood and adolescence. J Sleep Res. 1996;5(4):251\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.1996.00251.x.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(99)00009-X","volume":"1","author":"RD Chervin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chervin RD, Hedger K, Dillon JE, Pituch KJ. Pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ): validity and reliability of scales for sleep-disordered breathing, snoring, sleepiness, and behavioral problems. Sleep Med. 2000;1(1):21\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1389-9457(99)00009-X.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2004.07.015","volume":"6","author":"JA Owens","year":"2005","unstructured":"Owens JA, Dalzell V. Use of the 'BEARS' sleep screening tool in a pediatric residents' continuity clinic: a pilot study. Sleep Med. 2005;6(1):63\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2004.07.015.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200002000-00005","volume":"21","author":"JA Owens","year":"2000","unstructured":"Owens JA, Spirito A, McGuinn M, Nobile C. Sleep habits and sleep disturbance in elementary school-aged children. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2000;21(1):27\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004703-200002000-00005.","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR25","first-page":"713","volume":"46","author":"WQ Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun WQ, Chen WJ, Jiang YR, Li F, Li SH, Yan CH, et al. The association of sleep hygiene and sleep quality among school-age children. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2012;46(8):713\u20137.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"issue":"2","key":"1068_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","volume":"28","author":"DJ Buysse","year":"1989","unstructured":"Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28(2):193\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.03.021","volume":"15","author":"M Saffari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saffari M, Gholamrezaei A, Saneian H, Attari A, Bruni O. Linguistic validation of the sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC) in Iranian children with Persian language. Sleep Med. 2014;15(8):998\u20131001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.03.021.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1068_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2013.06.130064","volume":"26","author":"C Gagnon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gagnon C, Belanger L, Ivers H, Morin CM. Validation of the insomnia severity index in primary care. J Am Board Fam Med. 2013 Nov-Dec;26(6):701\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3122\/jabfm.2013.06.130064.","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"key":"1068_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Malloggi S. Conte F, Prevalence and determinants of bad sleep perception among italian children and adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(24):9363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17249363.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249363"},{"issue":"6","key":"1068_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2018.09.002","volume":"4","author":"OE Olorunmoteni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Olorunmoteni OE, Fatusi AO, Komolafe MA, Omisore A. Sleep pattern, socioenvironmental factors, and use of electronic devices among Nigerian school-attending adolescents. Sleep health. 2018;4(6):551\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleh.2018.09.002.","journal-title":"Sleep health"},{"issue":"6","key":"1068_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12073","volume":"67","author":"I Okajima","year":"2013","unstructured":"Okajima I, Nakajima S, Kobayashi M, Inoue Y. Development and validation of the Japanese version of the Athens insomnia scale. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013;67(6):420\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.12073.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1068_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.21307\/ane-2017-047","volume":"77","author":"E Walacik-Ufnal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Walacik-Ufnal E, Piotrowska AJ, Wolynczyk-Gmaj D, Januszko P, Gmaj B, Ufnal M, et al. Narcolepsy type 1 and hypersomnia associated with a psychiatric disorder show different slow wave activity dynamics. Acta Neurobiol Exp. 2017;77(2):147\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21307\/ane-2017-047.","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp"},{"issue":"4","key":"1068_CR33","first-page":"995","volume":"21","author":"M Kovacs","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kovacs M. The Children's depression, inventory (CDI). Psychopharmacol Bull. 1985;21(4):995\u20138.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"issue":"3","key":"1068_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.08.798","volume":"15","author":"CO Inocente","year":"2014","unstructured":"Inocente CO, Gustin MP, Lavault S, Guignard-Perret A, Raoux A, Christol N, et al. Depressive feelings in children with narcolepsy. Sleep Med. 2014;15(3):309\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.08.798.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"1068_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2017.11.010","volume":"75","author":"KS Chhabria","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chhabria KS, Carnaby GD. Psychometric validation of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale in head and neck Cancer patients. Oral Oncol. 2017;75:158\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2017.11.010.","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1987.tb00651.x","volume":"28","author":"P Birleson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Birleson P, Hudson I, Buchanan DG, Wolff S. Clinical evaluation of a self-rating scale for depressive disorder in childhood (depression self-rating scale). J Child Psychol Psychiatry Allied Discip. 1987;28(1):43\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1987.tb00651.x.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry Allied Discip"},{"issue":"12","key":"1068_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2012.09.003","volume":"51","author":"T Betancourt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Betancourt T, Scorza P, Meyers-Ohki S, Mushashi C, Kayiteshonga Y, Binagwaho A, et al. Validating the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for children in Rwanda. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Dec;51(12):1284\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2012.09.003.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1068_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2190\/3YCX-H0MT-49DK-C61Q","volume":"36","author":"K Denda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Denda K, Kako Y, Kitagawa N, Koyama T. Assessment of depressive symptoms in Japanese school children and adolescents using the Birleson depression self-rating scale. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2006;36(2):231\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2190\/3YCX-H0MT-49DK-C61Q.","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1068_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00075-U","volume":"33","author":"PF Lovibond","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS) with the Beck depression and anxiety inventories. Behav Res Ther. 1995;33(3):335\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00075-U.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"1068_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2012-1048","volume":"35","author":"YP Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang YP, Gorenstein C. Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: a comprehensive review. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2013;35(4):416\u201331.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Psiquiatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"1068_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6842","volume":"13","author":"AR Shelton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shelton AR, Malow B. Correlates to problem behaviors in pediatric narcolepsy: a pilot study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2017;13(12):1435\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.6842.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"1068_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00015","volume":"40","author":"R Goodman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Goodman R. Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Nov;40(11):1337\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00015.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.7334\/psicothema2016.93","volume":"29","author":"JA L\u00f3pez-Villalobos","year":"2017","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Villalobos JA, Andr\u00e9s-De Llano J, L\u00f3pez-S\u00e1nchez MV, Rodr\u00edguez-Molinero L, Garrido-Redondo M, Sacrist\u00e1n-Mart\u00edn AM, et al. Criterion validity and clinical usefulness of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder rating scale IV in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a function of method and age. Psicothema. 2017;29(1):103\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7334\/psicothema2016.93.","journal-title":"Psicothema."},{"issue":"5","key":"1068_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000155320.52322.37","volume":"44","author":"H Abikoff","year":"2005","unstructured":"Abikoff H, McGough J, Vitiello B, McCracken J, Davies M, Walkup J, et al. Sequential pharmacotherapy for children with comorbid attention-deficit\/hyperactivity and anxiety disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005 May;44(5):418\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.chi.0000155320.52322.37.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000166986.30592.67","volume":"44","author":"AG Correia Filho","year":"2005","unstructured":"Correia Filho AG, Bodanese R, Silva TL, Alvares JP, Aman M, Rohde LA. Comparison of risperidone and methylphenidate for reducing ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents with moderate mental retardation. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005 Aug;44(8):748\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.chi.0000166986.30592.67.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"1068_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1080\/10401230600801077","volume":"18","author":"LA Adler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Adler LA, Spencer T, Faraone SV, Kessler RC, Howes MJ, Biederman J, et al. Validity of pilot adult ADHD self- report scale (ASRS) to rate adult ADHD symptoms. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2006;18(3):145\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10401230600801077.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"1068_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.010","volume":"132","author":"G van de Glind","year":"2013","unstructured":"van de Glind G, van den Brink W, Koeter MW, Carpentier PJ, van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen K, Kaye S, et al. Validity of the adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS) as a screener for adult ADHD in treatment seeking substance use disorder patients. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013;132(3):587\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.010.","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2014.0002","volume":"24","author":"M Ayaz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ayaz M, Ayaz AB, Soylu N, Yuksel S. Medication persistence in Turkish children and adolescents with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2014;24(8):442\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cap.2014.0002.","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1068_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1586\/14737167.5.3.353","volume":"5","author":"U Ravens-Sieberer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ravens-Sieberer U, Gosch A, Rajmil L, Erhart M, Bruil J, Duer W, et al. KIDSCREEN-52 quality-of-life measure for children and adolescents. Expert Rev Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res. 2005;5(3):353\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/14737167.5.3.353.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-007-9240-2","volume":"16","author":"U Ravens-Sieberer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ravens-Sieberer U, Auquier P, Erhart M, Gosch A, Rajmil L, Bruil J, et al. The KIDSCREEN-27 quality of life measure for children and adolescents: psychometric results from a cross-cultural survey in 13 European countries. Qual Life Res. 2007;16(8):1347\u201356.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"13 Suppl 1","key":"1068_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S189","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31823d53cf","volume":"91","author":"N Fayed","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fayed N, Cieza A, Bickenbach J. Illustrating child-specific linking issues using the child health questionnaire. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;91(13 Suppl 1):S189\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31823d53cf.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"8","key":"1068_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200108000-00006","volume":"39","author":"JW Varni","year":"2001","unstructured":"Varni JW, Seid M, Kurtin PS. PedsQL 4.0: reliability and validity of the pediatric quality of life inventory version 4.0 generic core scales in healthy and patient populations. Med Care. 2001;39(8):800\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005650-200108000-00006.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"1068_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.5970","volume":"39","author":"FL Rocca","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rocca FL, Finotti E, Pizza F, Ingravallo F, Gatta M, Bruni O, et al. Psychosocial profile and quality of life in children with type 1 narcolepsy: a case-control study. Sleep. 2016;39(7):1389\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5665\/sleep.5970.","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"6","key":"1068_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","volume":"30","author":"JE Ware Jr","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30(6):473\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"1068_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0122478","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122478","volume":"10","author":"MC Kapella","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kapella MC, Berger BE, Vern BA, Vispute S, Prasad B, Carley DW. Health-related stigma as a determinant of functioning in young adults with narcolepsy. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0122478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0122478.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"1068_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2019.1660027","volume":"30","author":"T Miyamae","year":"2020","unstructured":"Miyamae T, Tani Y, Kishi T, Yamanaka H, Singh G. Updated version of Japanese childhood health assessment questionnaire (CHAQ). Mod Rheumatol. 2020;30(5):905\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14397595.2019.1660027.","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1068_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20529","volume":"51","author":"J Pouchot","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pouchot J, Ecosse E, Coste J, Guillemin F. Validity of the childhood health assessment questionnaire is independent of age in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;51(4):519\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.20529.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"1068_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-017-0707-8","volume":"15","author":"JE Chaplin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chaplin JE, Szakacs A, Hallbook T, Darin N. The development of a health-related quality-of-life instrument for young people with narcolepsy: NARQoL-21. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12955-017-0707-8.","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"2","key":"1068_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1508-9","volume":"171","author":"PM Becker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Becker PM, Schwartz JR, Feldman NT, Hughes RJ. Effect of modafinil on fatigue, mood, and health-related quality of life in patients with narcolepsy. Psychopharmacology. 2004;171(2):133\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-003-1508-9.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"}],"container-title":["Italian Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01068-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01068-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01068-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T02:28:47Z","timestamp":1622687327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijponline.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01068-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01068-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1824-7288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1824-7288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 July 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"124"}}