{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T16:48:05Z","timestamp":1780073285384,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ital J Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In 1973, Petrea Jacobsen described the first patient showing dysmorphic features, developmental delay and congenital heart disease (atrial and ventricular septal defect) associated to a 11q deletion, inherited from the father. Since then, more than 200 patients have been reported, and the chromosomal critical region responsible for this contiguous gene disorder has been identified.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Patients\u2019 presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We report on two unrelated newborns observed in Italy affected by Jacobsen syndrome (JBS, also known as 11q23 deletion). Both patients presented prenatal and postnatal bleeding, growth and developmental delay, craniofacial dysmorphisms, multiple congenital anomalies, and pancytopenia of variable degree. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) identified a terminal deletion at 11q24.1-q25 of 12.5\u2009Mb and 11\u2009Mb, in Patient 1 and 2, respectively. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of the parents documented a de novo origin of the deletion for Patient 1; parents of Patient 2 refused further genetic investigations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Present newborns show the full phenotype of JBS including thrombocytopenia, according to their wide 11q deletion size. Bleeding was particularly severe in one of them, leading to a cerebral hemorrhage. Our report highlights the relevance of early diagnosis, genetic counselling and careful management and follow-up of JBS patients, which may avoid severe clinical consequences and lower the mortality risk. It may provide further insights and a better characterization of JBS, suggesting new elements of the genotype-phenotype correlations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-021-01108-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T20:03:07Z","timestamp":1625169787000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Jacobsen syndrome and neonatal bleeding: report on two unrelated patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2918-9826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregorio","family":"Serra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Memo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Antona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Corsello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Favero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Lago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Giuffr\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1108_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a004010","DOI":"10.1101\/mcs.a004010","volume":"5","author":"E Tootleman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tootleman E, Malamut B, Akshoomoff N, Mattson SN, Hoffman HM, Jones MC, et al. Partial Jacobsen syndrome phenotype in a patient with a de novo frameshift mutation in the ETS1 transcription factor. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2019;5(3):a004010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/mcs.a004010.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud"},{"issue":"5","key":"1108_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1159\/000442477","volume":"6","author":"EP Linares Ch\u00e1vez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Linares Ch\u00e1vez EP, Toral L\u00f3pez J, Vald\u00e9s Miranda JM, Gonz\u00e1lez Huerta LM, Perez Cabrera A, Del Refugio Rivera Vega M, et al. Jacobsen Syndrome: surgical complications due to unsuspected diagnosis, the importance of molecular studies in patients with Craniosynostosis. Mol Syndromol. 2016;6(5):229\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000442477.","journal-title":"Mol Syndromol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-4-9","volume":"4","author":"T Mattina","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mattina T, Perrotta CS, Grossfeld P. Jacobsen syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2009;4(1):9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1750-1172-4-9.","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"1108_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.4137\/CMPed.S18121","volume":"8","author":"FJ Sheth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sheth FJ, Datar C, Andrieux J, Pandit A, Nayak D, Rahman M, et al. Distal deletion of chromosome 11q encompassing Jacobsen syndrome without platelet abnormality. Clin Med Insights Pediatr. 2014;8:45\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4137\/CMPed.S18121.","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Pediatr"},{"key":"1108_CR5","volume-title":"Child growth standards","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Child growth standards. 2021. https:\/\/www.who.int\/tools\/child-growth-standards\/standards."},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-017-1535-5","volume":"12","author":"Y Ichimiya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ichimiya Y, Wada Y, Kunishima S, Tsukamoto K, Kosaki R, Sago H, et al. 11q23 deletion syndrome (Jacobsen syndrome) with severe bleeding: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2018;12(1):3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-017-1535-5.","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"1108_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320590215","volume":"59","author":"AF Lewanda","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lewanda AF, Morsey C, Reid CS, Jabs EW. Two craniosynostotic patients with 11q deletions, and review of 48 cases. Am J Med Genet. 1995;59(2):193\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.1320590215.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-8166-2-26","volume":"2","author":"E Manolakos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Manolakos E, Orru S, Neroutsou R, Kefalas K, Louizou E, Papoulidis I, et al. Detailed molecular and clinical investigation of a child with a partial deletion of chromosome 11 (Jacobsen syndrome). Mol Cytogenet. 2009;2(1):26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1755-8166-2-26.","journal-title":"Mol Cytogenet"},{"issue":"5","key":"1108_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2006.01.001","volume":"49","author":"W Courtens","year":"2006","unstructured":"Courtens W, Wuyts W, Scheers S, Van Luijk R, Reyniers E, Rooms L, et al. A de novo subterminal trisomy 10p and monosomy 18q in a girl with MCA\/MR: case report and review. Eur J Med Genet. 2006;49(5):402\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmg.2006.01.001.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Genet"},{"key":"1108_CR10","volume-title":"Understanding chromosome disorders. Rare chromosome disorder support group","author":"Duplications of 10p","year":"2011","unstructured":"Duplications of 10p. Understanding chromosome disorders. Rare chromosome disorder support group. 2011. https:\/\/rarechromo.org."},{"issue":"6","key":"1108_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13323","volume":"43","author":"J Mei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mei J, Wang H, Zhan L. 10p15.3p13 duplication inherited from paternal balance translocation (46,XY,t (5;10)(q35.1;p13)) identified on non-invasive prenatal testing. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2017;43(6):1076\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jog.13323.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1108_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1159\/000339639","volume":"3","author":"R Ruiz Esparza-Garrido","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ruiz Esparza-Garrido R, Vel\u00e1zquez-Wong AC, Araujo-Sol\u00eds MA, Huicochea-Montiel JC, Vel\u00e1zquez-Flores M\u00c1, Salamanca-G\u00f3mez F, et al. Duplication of the Miller-Dieker critical region in a patient with a subtelomeric unbalanced translocation t (10;17)(p15.3;p13.3). Mol Syndromol. 2012;3(2):82\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000339639.","journal-title":"Mol Syndromol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1108_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.1560","volume":"6","author":"S Puvabanditsin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Puvabanditsin S, Wang Chen C, Botwinick M, Hussein K, Mariduena J, Mehta R. Ventriculomegaly and cerebellar hypoplasia in a neonate with interstitial 11q24 deletion in Jacobsen syndrome region. Clin Case Rep. 2018;6(7):1268\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccr3.1560.","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201901793R","volume":"34","author":"F Qi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qi F, Isaji T, Duan C, Yang J, Wang Y, Fukuda T, et al. ST3GAL3, ST3GAL4, and ST3GAL6 differ in their regulation of biological functions via the specificities for the \u03b12,3-sialylation of target proteins. FASEB J. 2020;34(1):881\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.201901793R.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1108_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1160\/TH03-02-0120","volume":"90","author":"R Favier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Favier R, Jondeau K, Boutard P, Grossfeld P, Reinert P, Jones C, et al. Paris-trousseau syndrome : clinical, hematological, molecular data of ten new cases. Thromb Haemost. 2003;90(5):893\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1160\/TH03-02-0120.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"4","key":"1108_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.1061","volume":"66","author":"L Krishnamurti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Krishnamurti L, Neglia JP, Nagarajan R, Berry SA, Lohr J, Hirsch B, et al. Paris-trousseau syndrome platelets in a child with Jacobsen\u2019s syndrome. Am J Hematol. 2001;66(4):295\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.1061.","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1108_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.61113","volume":"179","author":"S Conrad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Conrad S, Demurger F, Moradkhani K, Pichon O, Le Caignec C, Pascal C, et al. 11q24.2q24.3 microdeletion in two families presenting features of Jacobsen syndrome, without intellectual disability: role of FLI1, ETS1, and SENCR long noncoding RNA. Am J Med Genet A. 2019;179(6):993\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.61113.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"17","key":"1108_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-06-650887","volume":"126","author":"WS Stevenson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stevenson WS, Rabbolini DJ, Beutler L, Chen Q, Gabrielli S, Mackay JP, et al. Paris-trousseau thrombocytopenia is phenocopied by the autosomal recessive inheritance of a DNA-binding domain mutation in FLI1. Blood. 2015;126(17):2027\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2015-06-650887.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"4","key":"1108_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddp532","volume":"19","author":"M Ye","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ye M, Coldren C, Liang X, Mattina T, Goldmuntz E, Benson DW, et al. Deletion of ETS-1, a gene in the Jacobsen syndrome critical region, causes ventricular septal defects and abnormal ventricular morphology in mice. Hum Mol Genet. 2010;19(4):648\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hmg\/ddp532.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-019-0718-7","volume":"45","author":"G Serra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Serra G, Antona V, Corsello G, Zara F, Piro E, Falsaperla R. NF1 microdeletion syndrome: case report of two new patients. Ital J Pediatr. 2019;45(1):138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-019-0718-7.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-018-0483-z","volume":"44","author":"G Corsello","year":"2018","unstructured":"Corsello G, Antona V, Serra G, Zara F, Giambrone C, Lagalla L, et al. Clinical and molecular characterization of 112 single-center patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. Ital J Pediatr. 2018;44(1):45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-018-0483-z.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1108_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.1103","volume":"6","author":"G Serra","year":"2018","unstructured":"Serra G, Antona V, Schierz M, Vecchio D, Piro E, Corsello G. Esophageal atresia and Beckwith\u2013Wiedemann syndrome in one of the naturally conceived discordant newborn twins: first report. Clin Case Rep. 2018;6(2):399\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccr3.1103.","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"1108_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3237","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37859","volume":"170","author":"S Blazina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blazina S, Ihan A, Lovre\u010di\u0107 L, Hovnik T. 11q terminal deletion and combined immunodeficiency (Jacobsen syndrome): case report and literature review on immunodeficiency in Jacobsen syndrome. Am J Med Genet A. 2016;170(12):3237\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.37859.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"8","key":"1108_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-015-0211-z","volume":"35","author":"VA Dalm","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dalm VA, Driessen GJ, Barendregt BH, van Hagen PM, van der Burg M. The 11q terminal deletion disorder Jacobsen Syndrome is a syndromic primary immunodeficiency. J Clin Immunol. 2015;35(8):761\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10875-015-0211-z.","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-013-9966-2","volume":"34","author":"M Sepp\u00e4nen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sepp\u00e4nen M, Koillinen H, Mustjoki S, Tomi M, Sullivan KE. Terminal deletion of 11q with significant late-onset combined immune deficiency. J Clin Immunol. 2014;34(1):114\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10875-013-9966-2.","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1108_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.31448","volume":"169","author":"R Favier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Favier R, Akshoomoff N, Mattson S, Grossfeld P. Jacobsen syndrome: advances in our knowledge of phenotype and genotype. Am J Med Genet C: Semin Med Genet. 2015;169(3):239\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.c.31448.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet C: Semin Med Genet"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"1108_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2012.664943","volume":"25","author":"G Corsello","year":"2012","unstructured":"Corsello G, Giuffr\u00e8 M. Congenital malformations. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012;25(Suppl. 1):25\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14767058.2012.664943.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-020-00922-4","volume":"46","author":"G Serra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Serra G, Corsello G, Antona V, D'Alessandro MM, Cassata N, Cimador M, et al. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease: case report of a newborn with rare PKHD1 mutation, rapid renal enlargement and early fatal outcome. Ital J Pediatr. 2020;46(1):154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-020-00922-4.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1824-7288-39-23","volume":"39","author":"G Puccio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Puccio G, Giuffr\u00e9 M, Piccione M, Piro E, Rinaudo G, Corsello G. Intrauterine growth restriction and congenital malformations: a retrospective epidemiological study. Ital J Pediatr. 2013;39(1):23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1824-7288-39-23.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1108_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s10048-008-0157-x","volume":"10","author":"CD Coldren","year":"2009","unstructured":"Coldren CD, Lai Z, Shragg P, Rossi E, Glidewell SC, Zuffardi O, et al. Chromosomal microarray mapping suggests a role for BSX and Neurogranin in neurocognitive and behavioral defects in the 11q terminal deletion disorder (Jacobsen syndrome). Neurogenetics. 2009;10(2):89\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10048-008-0157-x.","journal-title":"Neurogenetics."},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-020-00902-8","volume":"46","author":"E Piro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Piro E, Schierz IAM, Antona V, Pappalardo MP, Giuffr\u00e8 M, Serra G, et al. Neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia: case report of kabuki syndrome due to a novel KMT2D splicing-site mutation. Ital J Pediatr. 2020;46(1):136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-020-00902-8.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-017-0418-0","volume":"43","author":"A Borghesi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Borghesi A, Mencarelli MA, Memo L, Ferrero GB, Bartuli A, Genuardi M, et al. Intersociety policy statement on the use of whole-exome sequencing in the critically ill newborn infant. Ital J Pediatr. 2017;43(1):100.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1108_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-020-00903-7","volume":"46","author":"E Piro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Piro E, Serra G, Antona V, Giuffr\u00e8 M, Giorgio E, Sirchia F, et al. Novel LRPPRC compound heterozygous mutation in a child with early-onset Leigh syndrome French-Canadian type: case report of an Italian patient. Ital J Pediatr. 2020;46(1):140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-020-00903-7.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Italian Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01108-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01108-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01108-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T20:09:22Z","timestamp":1625170162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijponline.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01108-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01108-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1824-7288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1824-7288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from parents at admission of their newborns. The study was approved by the Mother and Child Department of the University of Palermo (Palermo, Italy). All procedures performed in this report were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee, and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments, or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"147"}}