{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:43:16Z","timestamp":1787586196876,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714694400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ital J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) shows a significant overlap of symptoms with other hyper-inflammatory diseases such as Kawasaki disease (KD), but the real difference of the two conditions is still matter of debate. Coronary artery lesions (CAL) are the most relevant complication in KD. Nonetheless, CAL, myocarditis, pericarditis, arrhythmia are the main cardiovascular complications in MIS-C. A close clinical assessment is mandatory, both at the diagnosis and during the follow-up, by ECG and echocardiography. Cardiac magnetic resonance (MRI) adds important data to ultrasound findings. However, cardiac MRI studies in MIS-C are limited to a small number of cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We enrolled 20 children (age:1\u201316 years; 11\u00a0F; 9\u00a0M) with cardiac involvement secondary to MIS-C, all evaluated by cardiac MRI.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>8 children showed pathological cardiac MRI: 2 showed pericardial effusion; 2 showed myocardial oedema; 1 showed aortic insufficiency; 3 showed delayed enhancement (one for acute myocarditis with oedema; 2 for myocardial fibrosis). Delayed enhancement was reduced significantly 5.6-9 months after the first MRI evaluation. 25% of patients with pathological MRI had CAL associated with valvular insufficiency of 2 valves. 17% of patients with normal MRI had CAL, associated with valvular insufficiency of 1 valve in 1 patient. The correlations between haematological, clinical, cardiologic parameters, treatment, did not reach the statistical significance. 4 patients were treated with anakinra. Among those, 2 patients showed a normal cardiac MRI. Cardiac lesions resolved in all the patients during the follow-up. Some patients with pathological cardiac MRI could not underwent a control with MRI, for the low compliance. However, echocardiography and ECG, documented the resolution of the pathological data in these cases.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A higher risk of CAL was documented in patients with an association of other cardiac lesions. Cardiac MRI is difficult to perform routinely; however, it is useful for evaluating the acute myocardial damage and the outcome of patients with MIS-C.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-024-01658-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T15:02:01Z","timestamp":1714748521000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cardiovascular involvement in children with COVID-19 temporally related multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C): can cardiac magnetic resonance arrive to the heart of the problem?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7777-1239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Maggio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Lembo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Finazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Alaimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guglielmo Francesco","family":"Benfratello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Corsello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"1658_CR1","first-page":"36520808","volume":"Recomm Rep","author":"M Melgar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Melgar M, Lee EH, Miller AD, Lim S, Brown CM, Yousaf AR, Zambrano LD, Belay ED, Godfred-Cato F, Abrams JY, Oster ME, Campbell AP, Council of state and territorial epidemiologists. 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PMID: 35592889.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"}],"container-title":["Italian Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13052-024-01658-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13052-024-01658-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13052-024-01658-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T15:13:25Z","timestamp":1714749205000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijponline.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13052-024-01658-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1658"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-024-01658-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1824-7288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1824-7288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"all methods were performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The approval by ethics committee was not applicable because the data retrospectively collected were all the items needed by the follow-up of these patients and by a good clinical practice for children with MIS-C. No experimental drugs were employed, and no blood samples, other than all required in consideration of the standards of care, were done. Written informed consent was obtained from a parent and\/or legal guardian. The parents wrote the informed consent on ethics approval and consent. The written consent is in the documents in the hospital \u201cG. Di Cristina\u201d, ARNAS Palermo, Italy.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare competing Interests statement to disclose the role of the authors as an Editor\/Board member on the journal: in details, Professor Giovanni Corsello is Editor in chief of the Italian Journal of Pediatrics. The other authors have no rule in the Italian Journal of Pediatrics.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"91"}}