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The aim of this nationwide survey was to assess the clinical management of RDS in China.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A nationwide cross-sectional survey to assess adherence to RDS management recommendations was performed. One neonatologist per hospital was randomly selected. The primary outcome was the key care of RDS management.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among the 394 participating hospitals, 88\u00b73% were birthing centres. The number of doctors and nurses per bed were 0\u00b727 and 0\u00b772, respectively. Antenatal corticosteroids (any dose) were administered to 90% of the women at risk of preterm birth at\u2009&lt;\u200934\u00a0weeks of gestation (90\u00b70% inborn vs. 50\u00b70% outborn, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090\u00b7001). The median fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) for initial resuscitation was 0\u00b730 for babies born at\u2009\u2264\u200932\u00a0weeks of gestation and 0\u00b725 for those born at\u2009&gt;\u200932\u00a0weeks. T-piece resuscitators were available in 77\u00b78% of delivery rooms (DRs) (tertiary hospitals: 82\u00b75% vs. secondary hospitals: 63\u00b70%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090\u00b7001). Surfactant was used in 51\u00b76% of the DRs. Less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) was used in 49\u00b77% of the hospitals (tertiary hospitals: 55\u00b73% vs. secondary hospitals: 31\u00b75%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090\u00b7001). Primary non-invasive ventilation was initiated in approximately 80\u00b70% of the patients. High-frequency oscillation ventilation was primarily reserved for rescue after conventional mechanical ventilation (MV) failure. Caffeine was routinely used during MV in 59\u00b71% of the hospitals. Bedside lung ultrasonography was performed in 54\u00b73% of the health facilities (tertiary hospitals: 61\u00b76% vs. secondary hospitals: 30\u00b74%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090\u00b7001). Qualified breast milk banks and Family Integrated Care (FICare) were present in 30\u00b72% and 63\u00b77% of the hospitals, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Significant disparities in resource availability and guidelines adherence were evident across hospitals. Future strategies should address DR facilities and medication access, technical training, staff allocation, and ancillary facility development for a better management of RDS patients in China.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-024-01741-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]],"date-time":"2024-09-07T06:02:15Z","timestamp":1725688935000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A nationwide survey on the management of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: insights from the MUNICH survey in 394 Chinese hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Long","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang-Qin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyun","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanzhong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huayan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4571-4424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"MUNICH Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1741_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/RUQ.0000000000000490","volume":"36","author":"J Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu J, Wang Y, Zhao A, Wang Z. 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