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We assessed studies for eligibility, extracted data, and subsequently pooled the data. A Bayesian fixed-effects model was used to combine direct comparisons with indirect evidence. We also performed sensitivity analyses and rankings of the competing treatment modes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 20 randomized controlled trials were included for the network meta-analysis, which consisted of 2,832 patients who received one of 16 ventilation modes. Compared with synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV)\u2009+\u2009pressure support ventilation (PSV), time-cycled pressure-limited ventilation (TCPL) (hazard ratio (HR) 0.290; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.071 to 0.972), high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) (HR 0.294; 95% CI 0.080 to 0.852), SIMV\u2009+\u2009volume-guarantee (VG) (HR 0.122; 95% CI 0.014 to 0.858), and volume-controlled (V-C) (HR 0.139; 95% CI 0.024 to 0.677) ventilation modes are associated with lower mortality. The combined results of available ventilation modes were not significantly different in regard to the incidences of patent ductus arteriosus and intraventricular hemorrhage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with the SIMV\u2009+\u2009PSV ventilation mode, the TCPL, HFOV, SIMV\u2009+\u2009VG, and V-C ventilation modes are associated with lower mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-0843-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,9]],"date-time":"2015-03-09T20:06:08Z","timestamp":1425931568000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Mechanical ventilation modes for respiratory distress syndrome in infants: a systematic review and network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Changsong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libo","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunjie","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nana","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaodi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enyou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"843_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1159\/000349928","volume":"103","author":"DG Sweet","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sweet DG, Carnielli V, Greisen G, Hallman M, Ozek E, Plavka R, et al. 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