{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:45:45Z","timestamp":1790394345664,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2435-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T12:04:14Z","timestamp":1557489854000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Adding an orange to the banana bag: vitamin C deficiency is common in alcohol use disorders"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Marik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Liggett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2435_CR1","unstructured":"Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries ans territories, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2018;392:1015\u201335."},{"key":"2435_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.11406","volume":"320","author":"HR Kranzler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kranzler HR, Soyka M. Diagnosis and pharmacotherapy of alcohol use disorder. A review. JAMA. 2018;320:815\u201324.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2435_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.12060782","volume":"170","author":"DS Hasin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hasin DS, O'Brien CP, Auriacombe M, Borges G, Bucholz K, Budney A. DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorders: recommendations and rationale. Am J Psychiatry. 2013;170:834\u201351.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2435_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00122-1","volume":"387","author":"JP Connor","year":"2016","unstructured":"Connor JP, Haber PS, Hall WD. Alcohol use disorders. Lancet. 2016;387:988\u201398.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2435_CR5","first-page":"210","volume":"159","author":"VA Moyer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moyer VA. Screening and behavioral counseling interventions in primary care to reduce alcohol misuse: U.S. preventive services task force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159:210\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2435_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001659","volume":"44","author":"AH Flannery","year":"2016","unstructured":"Flannery AH, Adkins DA, Cook AM. Unpeeling the evidence for the banana bag: evidence-based recommendations for the management of alcohol-associated vitamin and electrolyte deficiencies in the ICU. Crit Care Med. 2016;44:1545\u201352.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2435_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111762","volume":"10","author":"PE Marik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marik PE. Hydrocortisone, ascorbic acid and thiamine (HAT therapy) for the treatment of sepsis. Focus on ascorbic acid. Nutrients. 2018;10:1762.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2435_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1891-y","volume":"21","author":"AC Carr","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carr AC, Rosengrave PC, Bayer S, Chambers S, Mehrtens J, Shaw GM. Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in critically ill patients despite recommended enteral and parenteral intakes. Crit Care. 2017;21:300.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2435_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.04.007","volume":"189","author":"PE Marik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marik PE. Vitamin C for the treatment of sepsis: the scientific rationale. Pharmacol Therapeut. 2018;189:63\u201370.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Therapeut"},{"key":"2435_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcpc1802826","volume":"379","author":"SE Bennett","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bennett SE, Schmitt WP, Stanford FC, Baron JM. Case 22-2018: a 64-year-old man with progressive leg weakness, recurrent falls, and anemia. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:282\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2435_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8861","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008861","volume":"96","author":"C Lux-Battistelli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lux-Battistelli C, Battistelli D. Latent scurvy with tiredness and leg pain in alcoholics: an underestimated disease three case reports. Medicine. 2017;96:e8861.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2435_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2015.99","volume":"69","author":"M Levavasseur","year":"2015","unstructured":"Levavasseur M, Becquart C, Pape E, Pigeyre M, Rousseaux J, Stautont-Salle D. Severe scurvy: an underestimated disease. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015;69:1076\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2435_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ong J, Randhawa R. Scurvy in an alcoholic patient treated with intravenous vitamins. BMJ Case Rep. 2014;2014. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009479\n                    \n                  .","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-009479"},{"key":"2435_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12109","volume":"68","author":"M Takeshima","year":"2014","unstructured":"Takeshima M, Echizenya M, Inomata Y, Shimizu T. Scurvy in an alcohol-dependent patient with a severely unbalanced diet. Psych Clin Neurosci. 2014;68:242\u20133.","journal-title":"Psych Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2435_CR15","first-page":"274","volume":"51","author":"SK Majumdar","year":"1981","unstructured":"Majumdar SK, Patel S, Shaw GK, O'Gorman P, Thomson AD. Vitamin C utilization status in chronic alcoholic patients after short-term intravenous therapy. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1981;51:274\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"2435_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1177\/000456327801500173","volume":"15","author":"M Baines","year":"1978","unstructured":"Baines M. Detection and incidence of B and C vitamin deficiency in alcohol-related illness. Ann Clin Biochem. 1978;15:307\u201312.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"2435_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601557","volume":"57","author":"I Bergheim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bergheim I, Parlesak A, Dierks C, Bode JC, Bode C. Nutritional deficiencies in German middle-class male alcohol consumers: relation to dietary intake and severity of liver disease. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57:431\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2435_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr3643","volume":"11","author":"C Lux-Battistelli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lux-Battistelli C, Battistelli D. Alcohol withdrawal: possible risk of latent scurvy appearing as tiredness: a STROBE-complinat study. J Clin Med Res. 2019;11:26\u201334.","journal-title":"J Clin Med Res"},{"key":"2435_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.036","volume":"151","author":"PE Marik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marik PE, Khangoora V, Rivera R, Hooper MH, Catravas J. Hydrocortisone, vitamin C and thiamine for the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock: a retrospective before-after study. Chest. 2017;151:1229\u201338.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2435_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.10574","volume":"320","author":"E Wood","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wood E, Albarquouni L, Tkachuk S, Green CJ, Ahmad K, Nolan S. Will this hospitalized patient develop severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome? A rational clinical examination systematic review. JAMA. 2018;320:825\u201333.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2435_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00737.x","volume":"84","author":"JT Sullivan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sullivan JT, Sykora K, Schneiderman J, Naranjo CA, Sellers EM. Assessment of alcohol withdrawal: the revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol scale (CIWA-Ar). Br J Addict. 1989;84:1353\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Addict"},{"key":"2435_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2015.1058390","volume":"41","author":"A Wong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wong A, Smithburger PL, Kane-Gill SL. Review of adjunctive dexmedetomidine in the management of severe acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2015;41:382\u201391.","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"2435_CR23","volume-title":"World Health Organization: signs and symptoms; classic scurvy. In Scurvy and its prevention and control in major emergencies","author":"ZW Prinzo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Prinzo ZW. World Health Organization: signs and symptoms; classic scurvy. In Scurvy and its prevention and control in major emergencies, vol. 4. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1999. \n                    https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/66962\/;jsessionid=A80BD9CBE8FFBC411C45915CB39F39C3?sequence=1\n                    \n                  . Acessed 20 Mar 2019"},{"key":"2435_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12446","volume":"22","author":"SJ Padayatty","year":"2016","unstructured":"Padayatty SJ, Levine M. Vitamin C: the known and the unknown and goldilocks. Oral Dis. 2016;22:463\u201393.","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"2435_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3704","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.8.3704","volume":"93","author":"M Levine","year":"1996","unstructured":"Levine M, Conry-Cantilena C, Wang Y, welch RW, Washko PW, Dhariwal KR, Park JB, Lazarev A, Graumlich JF, King J. Vitamin C pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers: evidence for a recommended dietary allowance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996;93:3704\u20139.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2435_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.15.1415","volume":"281","author":"M Levine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Levine M, Rumsey SC, Daruwala R, Park JB, Wang Y. Criteria and recommendations for vitamin C intake. JAMA. 1999;281:1415\u201323.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2435_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/24.4.432","volume":"24","author":"RE Hodges","year":"1971","unstructured":"Hodges RE, Hood J, Canham JE, Sauberlich HE, Baker EM. Clinical manifestations of ascorbic acid deficiency in man. Am J Clin Nutr. 1971;24:432\u201343.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2435_CR28","first-page":"59","volume":"71","author":"RD Adams","year":"1959","unstructured":"Adams RD. The Gordon Wilson Lecture: nutritional diseases of the nervous system in the alcoholic patient. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 1959;71:59\u201394.","journal-title":"Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc"},{"key":"2435_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/9.4.379","volume":"9","author":"M Victor","year":"1961","unstructured":"Victor M, Adams RD. On the etiology of the alcoholic neurologic diseases: with special reference to the role of nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 1961;9:379\u201397.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2435_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.2174\/1573398X14666180430145142","volume":"14","author":"PE Marik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marik PE, Varon J. Sepsis, delirium and long-term cognitive dysfunction: prevention with the combination of vitamin C, hydrocortisone and thiamine. Curr Resp Med Rev. 2018;14:23\u20138.","journal-title":"Curr Resp Med Rev"},{"key":"2435_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.05.090","volume":"1348","author":"FE Harrison","year":"2010","unstructured":"Harrison FE, Green RJ, Dawes SM, May JM. Vitamin C distribution and retention in the mouse brain. Brain Res. 2010;1348:181\u20136.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2435_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(99)01543-X","volume":"23","author":"ME Rice","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rice ME. Ascorbate regulation and its neuroprotective role in the brain. Trends Neurosci. 2000;23:209\u201316.","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"2435_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6041752","volume":"6","author":"FE Harrison","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harrison FE, Bowman GL, Polidori MC. Ascorbic acid and the brain: rationale for the use against cognitive decline. Nutrients. 2014;6:1752\u201381.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2435_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3818","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6093818","volume":"6","author":"SN Hansen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hansen SN, Tveden-Nyborg P, Lykkesfeldt J. Does vitamin c deficiency affect cognitive development and function? Nutrients. 2014;6:3818\u201346.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2435_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28194","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161226095","volume":"16","author":"A Covarrubias-Pinto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Covarrubias-Pinto A, Acuna AI, Beltran FA, Torres-Diaz L, Castro MA. Old things new view: ascorbic acid protects the brain in neurodegenerative disorders. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16:28194\u2013217.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2435_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-8-32","volume":"8","author":"MI Sandstrom","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sandstrom MI, Rebec GV. Extracellular ascorbate modulates glutamate dynamics: role of behavioral activation. BMC Neurosci. 2007;8:32.","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"2435_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(90)90379-P","volume":"537","author":"MD Majewska","year":"1990","unstructured":"Majewska MD, Bell JA, London ED. Regulation of the NMDA receptor by redox phenomena: inhibitory role of ascorbate. Brain Res. 1990;537:328\u201332.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2435_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02099-6","volume":"897","author":"T Yusa","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yusa T. Increased extracellular ascorbate release reflects glutamate re-uptake during the early stage of reperfusion after forebrain ischemia in rats. Brain Res. 2001;897:104\u201313.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2435_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Travica N, Reid K, Sali A, scholey A, Hudson I. Vitamin C status and cognitive function: a systematic review. Nutrients. 2017;9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9090960"},{"key":"2435_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1002","volume":"38","author":"GL Bowman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bowman GL. Ascorbic acid, cognitive function, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a current review and future direction. Biofactors. 2012;38:114\u201322.","journal-title":"Biofactors"},{"key":"2435_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1021\/cn500308h","volume":"6","author":"S Dixit","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dixit S, Bernardo A, Walker MJ, Kennard JA, Kim GY. Vitamin C deficiency in the brain impairs cognition, increases amyloid accumulation and deposition, and oxidative stress in APP\/PSEN1 and normally-aging mice. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2015;6:570\u201381.","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"2435_CR42","volume-title":"Lind\u2019s treatise on scurvy. A bicentenary volume containing a reprint of the first editoion of a treatise of the scurvy by James Lind, MD, with additional notes","author":"CP Stewart","year":"1953","unstructured":"Stewart CP, Guthrie D. Lind\u2019s treatise on scurvy. A bicentenary volume containing a reprint of the first editoion of a treatise of the scurvy by James Lind, MD, with additional notes. Edinburgh: Edinburg University Press; 1953."},{"key":"2435_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9080831","volume":"9","author":"JF Pearson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pearson JF, Pullar JM, Wilson R, Spittlehouse JK, Vissers MC, Carr AC. Vitamin C status correlates with markers of metabolic and cognitive health in 50-year-olds: findings of the CHALICE cohort study. Nutrients. 2017;9:831.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2435_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760290032557","volume":"36","author":"K Voigt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Voigt K, Kontush A, Stuerenburg HJ, Muench-Harrach D, Hansen HC. Decreased plasma and cerebrospinal fluid ascorbate levels in patients with septic encephalopathy. Free Radic Res. 2002;36:735\u20139.","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"key":"2435_CR45","first-page":"81","volume":"21","author":"R Faizallah","year":"1986","unstructured":"Faizallah R, Morris AI, Krasner N, Walker RJ. Alcohol enhances vitamin C excretion in the urine. Alcohol Alcohol. 1986;21:81\u20134.","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"2435_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-154-39624","volume":"154","author":"AA Yunice","year":"1977","unstructured":"Yunice AA, Lindeman R. Effect of ascorbic acid and zinc sulfate on ethanol toxicity and metabolism. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1977;154:146\u201350.","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"2435_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-177-41941","volume":"177","author":"AA Yunice","year":"1984","unstructured":"Yunice AA, Hsu JM, Fahmy A, Henry S. Ethanol-ascorbate interrelationship in acute and chronic alcoholism in the guinea pig. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1984;177:262\u201371.","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"2435_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.1990.10720368","volume":"9","author":"MF Chen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Chen MF, Boyce HW, Hsu JM. Effect of ascorbic acid on plasma alcohol clearance. J Am Coll Nutr. 1990;9:185\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"2435_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1987.65","volume":"41","author":"RL Susick","year":"1987","unstructured":"Susick RL, Zannoni VG. Effect of ascorbic acid on the consequences of acute alcohol consumption in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1987;41:502\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2435_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(75)90155-0","volume":"24","author":"J Dow","year":"1975","unstructured":"Dow J, Goldberg A. Ethanol metabolism in the vitamin C deficient guinea-pig. Biochem Pharmacol. 1975;24:863\u20136.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2435_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1715733","volume":"379","author":"D Fuster","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fuster D, Samet JH. Alcohol use in patients with chronic liver disease. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:1251\u201361.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2435_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/S1499-3872(16)60096-6","volume":"15","author":"Z Ghorbani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghorbani Z, Hajizadeh M, Hekmatdoost A. Dietary supplementation in patients with alcoholic liver disease: a review on current evidence. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2016;15:348\u201360.","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int"},{"key":"2435_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2011.647691","volume":"46","author":"PA Abhilash","year":"2012","unstructured":"Abhilash PA, Harikrishnan R, Indira M. Ascorbic acid supplementation down-regulates the alcohol induced oxidative stress, hepatic stellate cell activation, cytotoxicity and mRNA levels of selected fibrotic genes in guinea pigs. Free Radic Res. 2012;46:204\u201313.","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"key":"2435_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1179\/1351000212Y.0000000010","volume":"17","author":"PA Abhilash","year":"2012","unstructured":"Abhilash PA, Harikrishnan R, Indra M. Ascorbic acid supplementation causes faster restoration of reduced glutathione content in the regression of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in male guinea pigs. Redox Rep. 2012;17:72\u20139.","journal-title":"Redox Rep"},{"key":"2435_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(96)00478-9","volume":"52","author":"PA Glascott","year":"1996","unstructured":"Glascott PA, Serroni A, Faber JL. Independent antioxidant action of vitamins E and C in cultured rat hepatocytes intoxicated with allyl alcohol. Biochem Pharmacol. 1996;52:1245\u201352.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2435_CR56","first-page":"341","volume":"27","author":"X Guo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Guo X, Li W, Xin Q, Ding H, Caiyun Z, Chang Y. Vitamin C protective role for alcoholic liver disease in mice through regulating iron metabolism. Toxicol Ind Health. 2010;27:341\u20138.","journal-title":"Toxicol Ind Health"},{"key":"2435_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2009.1387","volume":"13","author":"V Ambadath","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ambadath V, Venu RG, Madambath I. Comparative study of the efficacy of ascorbic acid, quercetin, and thiamine for reversing ethanol-induced toxicity. J Med Food. 2010;13:1485\u20139.","journal-title":"J Med Food"},{"key":"2435_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2190-y","volume":"22","author":"PE Marik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marik PE, Hooper MH. Adjuvant vitamin C in critically ill patients undergoing renal replacement therapy: whats the right dose? [Letter]. Crit Care. 2018;22:320.","journal-title":"Crit Care"}],"container-title":["Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13054-019-2435-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13054-019-2435-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13054-019-2435-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T23:17:38Z","timestamp":1588979858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ccforum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13054-019-2435-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-019-2435-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1364-8535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1364-8535","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 February 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 April 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 May 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the EVMS Institutional Review Board.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Both authors have reviewed the final version of the manuscript and approve the manuscript for publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"165"}}