{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T04:23:30Z","timestamp":1793507010388,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients often develop acute respiratory failure. Optimal ventilator strategies in this setting are not well established. We performed an international survey to investigate the practice in the ventilatory management of TBI patients with and without respiratory failure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>An electronic questionnaire, including 38 items and 3 different clinical scenarios [arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>)\/inspired fraction of oxygen (FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) &gt;\u2009300 (scenario 1), 150\u2013300 (scenario 2), &lt;\u2009150 (scenario 3)], was available on the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) website between November 2018 and March 2019. The survey was endorsed by ESICM.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There were 687 respondents [472 (69%) from Europe], mainly intensivists [328 (48%)] and anesthesiologists [206 (30%)]. A standard protocol for mechanical ventilation in TBI patients was utilized by 277 (40%) respondents and a specific weaning protocol by 198 (30%). The most common tidal volume (TV) applied was 6\u20138\u2009ml\/kg of predicted body weight (PBW) in scenarios 1\u20132 (72% PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FIO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009&gt;\u2009300 and 61% PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> 150\u2013300) and 4\u20136\u2009ml\/kg\/PBW in scenario 3 (53% PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009&lt;\u2009150). The most common level of highest positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) used was 15\u00a0cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O in patients with a PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2264\u2009300 without intracranial hypertension (41% if PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> 150\u2013300 and 50% if PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009&lt;\u2009150) and 10\u00a0cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O in patients with intracranial hypertension (32% if PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> 150\u2013300 and 33% if PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009&lt;\u2009150). Regardless of the presence of intracranial hypertension, the most common carbon dioxide target remained 36\u201340\u2009mmHg whereas the most common PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> target was 81\u2013100\u2009mmHg in all the 3 scenarios. The most frequent rescue strategies utilized in case of refractory respiratory failure despite conventional ventilator settings were neuromuscular blocking agents [406 (88%)], recruitment manoeuvres [319 (69%)] and prone position [292 (63%)].<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ventilatory management, targets and practice of adult severe TBI patients with and without respiratory failure are widely different among centres. These findings may be helpful to define future investigations in this topic.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-02875-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T11:04:09Z","timestamp":1587121449000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["VENTILatOry strategies in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: the VENTILO Survey of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"name":"on the behalf of the ESICM NIC\/ARF sections","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Picetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Pelosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio Silvio","family":"Taccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Citerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Mancebo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Robba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2875_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30371-X","volume":"16","author":"AIR Maas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maas AIR, Menon DK, Adelson PD, Andelic N, Bell MJ, Belli A, et al. 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