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(Hemodynamic Optimization with Carbonates, Permit no: 2023-15-0201-01466, issued on 19\/06-2023). The treatment administered and ethical oversight concerning the animals strictly adhered to established animal welfare protocols and regulatory standards mandated by both Danish and European legislation. The methodologies employed and the handling of animals conformed to the guidelines outlined in the EU Directive 2010\/63\/EU pertaining to animal experimentation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Roni Nielsen has collaboration with the pharceutical companies Imbria, Medtrace, Resother as an investigation and has received lectural fee from Astrazeneca. Roni Nielsen is a patentholderof 20205938.2 A Lactate\/Ketone Body ester, 5-11-2020. Henrik Wiggers has been the principal or a sub-investigator in studies involving the following pharmaceutical companies: MSD, Bayer, Daiichi-Sankyo, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis, and Pfizer.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"In this experimental study in ischemic cardiogenic shock in human-sized pigs by @OHorsdal et al, infusion with #lactate increased cardiac output due to increased stroke volume. Contractility was increased and mitochondrial function was enhanced during lactate infusion.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Tweet"}}],"article-number":"113"}}