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This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University (Approval No. KYYJ-2023-198). Written informed consent was secured from all participants or their legal representatives\/attending clinicians prior to tissue collection. All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shanxi Medical University (Approval No. SYDL2025037).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"177"}}