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However, this observation so far has not been assessed in an adequately powered randomized controlled trial.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We plan to include one hundred patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft with cardiopulmonary bypass who will be randomized to receive either volatile anesthetics during cardiopulmonary bypass or total intravenous anesthesia. The primary endpoint of the study is to assess the inflammatory response during cardiopulmonary bypass by measuring PMN-elastase serum levels. Secondary endpoints include serum levels of other pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF\u03b1), anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF\u03b2 and IL-10), and microRNA expression in peripheral blood to achieve possible epigenetic mechanisms in this process. In addition clinical endpoints such as presence of major complications in the postoperative period and length of hospital and intensive care unit stay will be assessed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The trial may determine whether adding volatile anesthetic during cardiopulmonary bypass will attenuate the inflammatory response.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/register.clinicaltrials.gov\/prs\/app\/action\/LoginUser?ts=1&amp;cx=-jg9qo4\">NCT02672345<\/jats:ext-link>. Registered on February 2016 and updated on June 2020.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04809-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T20:05:26Z","timestamp":1609963526000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of sevoflurane on the inflammatory response during cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgery: the study protocol for a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1452-5452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiago Augusto Azevedo Maranh\u00e3o","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gudrun","family":"Kunst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caetano Nigro","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"de Ribamar Costa J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos Gustavo Santos","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gisele Medeiros","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica Bassani","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario Hiroyuki","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"4809_CR1","first-page":"235","volume":"30","author":"AC Passaroni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Passaroni AC, Silva MAM, Yoshida WB. 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