{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:12:03Z","timestamp":1790079123347,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582502400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National University of Singapore Global Asia Institute","award":["NIHA-2018-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHA-2018-005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cambodia has made notable progress in the fight against tuberculosis (TB). However, these gains are impeded by a significant proportion of undiagnosed cases. To effectively reach people with TB, active case-finding (ACF) strategies have been adopted by countries affected by the epidemic, including Cambodia, alongside passive case finding (PCF). Despite increased efforts to improve case detection, approximately 40% of TB cases in Cambodia remained undiagnosed in 2018. In Cambodia, several community-based TB ACF modalities have been implemented, but their effectiveness has yet to be systematically assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted between December 2019 and June 2021. We will randomize eight operational districts (clusters) in seven provinces (Kampong Cham, Kampong Thom, Prey Veng, Thbong Khmum, Kampong Chhnang, Kandal, and Kampong Speu) to either the control group (PCF) or the intervention groups (ACF using a seed-and-recruit model, ACF targeting household and neighborhood contacts, and ACF targeting persons aged \u2265\u200955\u00a0years using mobile screening units). The primary endpoints will be TB case notification rates, additionality, and cumulative yield of TB cases. The secondary endpoints include treatment outcomes, the number needed to screen to find one TB case, and cost-effectiveness outcome measures. We will analyze the primary and secondary endpoints by intention to treat. We will compare cluster and individual-level characteristics using Student\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      test and hierarchical or mixed-effect models to estimate the ratio of these means. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per disability-adjusted life year averted will also be considered as a benchmark to determine whether the interventions are cost-effective.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study will build an evidence base to inform future scale-up, implementation, and sustainability of ACF strategies in Cambodia and other similar settings. Implementation of this study will also complement TB control strategies in Cambodia by conducting ACF in operational districts without active interventions to find TB cases currently. Those who are ill and might have TB will be promptly screened, diagnosed, and linked to care. Early diagnosis and treatment initiation will also benefit their community by interrupting transmission and prevent further infections. The experience gained from this project will inform future attempts in conducting pragmatic trials in low-resource settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ClinicalTrials.gov,\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04094350\">NCT04094350<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      . Registered on 18 September 2019.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-4138-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T11:09:09Z","timestamp":1582542549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of community active case-finding strategies for detection of tuberculosis in Cambodia: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0569-3518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvin Kuo Jing","family":"Teo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiesha","family":"Prem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Evdokimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chetra","family":"Ork","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sothearith","family":"Eng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sovannary","family":"Tuot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monyrath","family":"Chry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tan Eang","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li Yang","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyan","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"4138_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019."},{"key":"4138_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. TB country profile: Cambodia. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019."},{"key":"4138_CR3","volume-title":"90\u201390\u201390. The tuberculosis report for heads of state and governments","author":"Stop TB Partnership, United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS)","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stop TB Partnership, United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS). 90\u201390\u201390. The tuberculosis report for heads of state and governments. Geneva: Stop TB Partnership and UNOPS; 2017."},{"key":"4138_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002152","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002152","volume":"13","author":"RMGJ Houben","year":"2016","unstructured":"Houben RMGJ, Dodd PJ. The global burden of latent tuberculosis infection: a re-estimation using mathematical modelling. PLoS Med. 2016;13:e1002152.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"4138_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001083","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-001083","volume":"4","author":"K Prem","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prem K, Pheng SH, Teo AKJ, Evdokimov K, Nang EEK, Hsu LY, et al. Spatial and temporal projections of the prevalence of active tuberculosis in Cambodia. BMJ Glob Health. 2019;4:e001083.","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"4138_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-469","volume":"12","author":"MT Eang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eang MT, Peou S, Yadav RP, Morishita F, Nishikiori N, van-Maaren P, et al. Early detection of tuberculosis through community-based active case finding in Cambodia. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"4138_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0150405","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150405","volume":"11","author":"F Morishita","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morishita F, Eang MT, Nishikiori N, Yadav R-P. Increased case notification through active case finding of tuberculosis among household and neighbourhood contacts in Cambodia. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0150405.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4138_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mhimbira FA, Cuevas LE, Dacombe R, Mkopi A, Sinclair D. Interventions to increase tuberculosis case detection at primary healthcare or community-level services. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017; Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5721626\/. Cited 23 Jan 2020.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011432.pub2"},{"key":"4138_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61425-0","volume":"376","author":"EL Corbett","year":"2010","unstructured":"Corbett EL, Bandason T, Duong T, Dauya E, Makamure B, Churchyard GJ, et al. Comparison of two active case-finding strategies for community-based diagnosis of symptomatic smear-positive tuberculosis and control of infectious tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe (DETECTB): a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet. 2010;376:1244\u201353.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4138_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1700209","volume":"378","author":"GJ Fox","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fox GJ, Nhung NV, Sy DN, Hoa NLP, Anh LTN, Anh NT, et al. Household-contact investigation for detection of tuberculosis in Vietnam. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:221\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4138_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0797","volume":"17","author":"K L\u00f6nnroth","year":"2013","unstructured":"L\u00f6nnroth K, Corbett E, Golub J, Godfrey-Faussett P, Uplekar M, Weil D, et al. Systematic screening for active tuberculosis: rationale, definitions and key considerations. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2013;17:289\u201398.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"4138_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e92754","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092754","volume":"9","author":"N Lorent","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lorent N, Choun K, Thai S, Kim T, Huy S, Pe R, et al. Community-based active tuberculosis case finding in poor urban settlements of Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a feasible and effective strategy. PLoS One. 2014;9:e92754.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4138_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.13.131581","volume":"92","author":"TE Mao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mao TE, Okada K, Yamada N, Peou S, Ota M, Saint S, et al. Cross-sectional studies of tuberculosis prevalence in Cambodia between 2002 and 2011. Bull World Health Organ. 2014;92:573\u201381.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"4138_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0130179","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130179","volume":"10","author":"N Lorent","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lorent N, Choun K, Malhotra S, Koeut P, Thai S, Khun KE, et al. Challenges from tuberculosis diagnosis to care in community-based active case finding among the urban poor in Cambodia: a mixed-methods study. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0130179.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4138_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0419","volume":"90","author":"RP Yadav","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yadav RP, Satha P, Nishikiori N, Eang MT, Lubell Y. Cost-effectiveness of a tuberculosis active case finding program targeting household and neighborhood contacts in Cambodia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014;90:866\u201372.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"4138_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2018.11.001","volume":"13","author":"AJ Codlin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Codlin AJ, Monyrath C, Ky M, Gerstel L, Creswell J, Eang MT. Results from a roving, active case finding initiative to improve tuberculosis detection among older people in rural Cambodia using the Xpert MTB\/RIF assay and chest X-ray. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. 2018;13:22\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"4138_CR17","volume-title":"Systematic screening for active tuberculosis: an operational guide","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Systematic screening for active tuberculosis: an operational guide. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015."},{"key":"4138_CR18","volume-title":"Key population assessment in the national tuberculosis response in Cambodia","author":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT), KHANA","year":"2017","unstructured":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT), KHANA. Key population assessment in the national tuberculosis response in Cambodia. Phnom Penh: National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control; 2017."},{"key":"4138_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12914-017-0122-6","volume":"17","author":"S Yi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yi S, Ngin C, Tuot S, Chhoun P, Chhim S, Pal K, et al. HIV prevalence, risky behaviors, and discrimination experiences among transgender women in Cambodia: descriptive findings from a national integrated biological and behavioral survey. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2017;17:14.","journal-title":"BMC Int Health Hum Rights"},{"key":"4138_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S1413-8670(10)70081-7","volume":"14","author":"ARP Pascom","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pascom ARP, Szwarcwald CL, J\u00fanior AB. Sampling studies to estimate the HIV prevalence rate in female commercial sex workers. Braz J Infect Dis. 2010;14:385\u201397.","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"4138_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-011-9963-5","volume":"15","author":"JM Simoni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Simoni JM, Nelson KM, Franks JC, Yard SS, Lehavot K. Are peer interventions for HIV efficacious? A systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2011;15:1589\u201395.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4138_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0210919","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210919","volume":"14","author":"S Tuot","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tuot S, Teo AKJ, Cazabon D, Sok S, Ung M, Ly S, et al. Acceptability of active case finding with a seed-and-recruit model to improve tuberculosis case detection and linkage to treatment in Cambodia: a qualitative study. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0210919.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4138_CR23","volume-title":"Technical guidelines on tuberculosis control","author":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT)","year":"2016","unstructured":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT). Technical guidelines on tuberculosis control. 2nd ed. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Health; 2016.","edition":"2"},{"key":"4138_CR24","volume-title":"Health facilities in Cambodia","author":"Open Development Cambodia","year":"2010","unstructured":"Open Development Cambodia. Health facilities in Cambodia. 2010. Available from: https:\/\/opendevelopmentcambodia.net\/dataset\/?id=health-facility-of-cambodia-2010. Cited 8 May 2019."},{"key":"4138_CR25","volume-title":"Cambodian population and poverty rate","author":"Open Development Cambodia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Open Development Cambodia. Cambodian population and poverty rate. 2015. Available from: https:\/\/opendevelopmentcambodia.net\/dataset\/?id=cambodian-population-and-poverty-rate-2015. Cited 8 May 2019."},{"key":"4138_CR26","volume-title":"Systematic screening for active tuberculosis: principles and recommendations","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2013","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Systematic screening for active tuberculosis: principles and recommendations. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013."},{"key":"4138_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-95-5-568","volume":"95","author":"KI Marton","year":"1981","unstructured":"Marton KI, Sox HC, Krupp JR. Involuntary weight loss: diagnostic and prognostic significance. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:568\u201374.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"4138_CR28","volume-title":"Cambodia national TB program annual report 2018","author":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT)","year":"2019","unstructured":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT). Cambodia national TB program annual report 2018. Phnom Penh: National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control; 2019."},{"key":"4138_CR29","volume-title":"Protocol for survey to determine direct and indirect costs due to TB and to estimate proportion of TB-affected households experiencing catatrosphic total costs due to TB","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Protocol for survey to determine direct and indirect costs due to TB and to estimate proportion of TB-affected households experiencing catatrosphic total costs due to TB. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015."},{"key":"4138_CR30","volume-title":"Tuberculosis patient cost surveys: a handbook","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Tuberculosis patient cost surveys: a handbook. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017."},{"key":"4138_CR31","volume-title":"Advocacy, communication and social mobilization for TB control: a guide to developing knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Advocacy, communication and social mobilization for TB control: a guide to developing knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008."},{"key":"4138_CR32","unstructured":"KoBoToolbox. KoBoToolbox: data collection tools for challenging environments. KoBoToolbox. Available from: https:\/\/kobotoolbox.org\/. Cited 4 Oct 2019."},{"key":"4138_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5661","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e5661","volume":"345","author":"MK Campbell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Campbell MK, Piaggio G, Elbourne DR, Altman DG, CONSORT Group. Consort 2010 statement: extension to cluster randomised trials. BMJ. 2012;345:e5661.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4138_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g1687","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1687","volume":"348","author":"TC Hoffmann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoffmann TC, Glasziou PP, Boutron I, Milne R, Perera R, Moher D, et al. Better reporting of interventions: Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. BMJ. 2014;348:g1687.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4138_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00583","volume":"158","author":"A-W Chan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chan A-W, Tetzlaff JM, Altman DG, Laupacis A, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Krle\u017ea-Jeri\u0107 K, et al. SPIRIT 2013 statement: defining standard protocol items for clinical trials. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158:200.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"4138_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h2147","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2147","volume":"350","author":"K Loudon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Loudon K, Treweek S, Sullivan F, Donnan P, Thorpe KE, Zwarenstein M. The PRECIS-2 tool: designing trials that are fit for purpose. BMJ. 2015;350:h2147.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4138_CR37","volume-title":"National strategic plan for control of tuberculosis 2014\u20132020","author":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT)","year":"2014","unstructured":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT). National strategic plan for control of tuberculosis 2014\u20132020. Phnom Penh: National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control; 2014."},{"key":"4138_CR38","volume-title":"National health strategic plan for tuberculosis control in the Kingdom of Cambodia 2011\u20132015","author":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT)","year":"2011","unstructured":"National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control (CENAT). National health strategic plan for tuberculosis control in the Kingdom of Cambodia 2011\u20132015. Phnom Penh: National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control; 2011."},{"key":"4138_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1510059","volume":"375","author":"I Ford","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ford I, Norrie J. Pragmatic trials. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:454\u201363.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4138_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asres A, Jerene D, Deressa W. Delays to treatment initiation is associated with tuberculosis treatment outcomes among patients on directly observed treatment short course in southwest Ethiopia: a follow-up study. BMC Pulm Med. 2018;18 Available from: https:\/\/bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12890-018-0628-2. Cited 3 Oct 2019.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-018-0628-2"},{"key":"4138_CR41","first-page":"24","volume":"10","author":"JE Golub","year":"2006","unstructured":"Golub JE, Bur S, Cronin WA, Gange S, Baruch N, Comstock GW, et al. Delayed tuberculosis diagnosis and tuberculosis transmission. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006;10:24\u201330.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"4138_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-97","volume":"13","author":"N Nishikiori","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nishikiori N, Van Weezenbeek C. Target prioritization and strategy selection for active case-finding of pulmonary tuberculosis: a tool to support country-level project planning. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:97.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"4138_CR43","volume-title":"Global plan to end TB. The paradigm shift 2016\u20132020","author":"Stop TB Partnership, United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS)","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stop TB Partnership, United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS). Global plan to end TB. The paradigm shift 2016\u20132020. Geneva: STOP TB Partnership and UNOPS; 2016."}],"container-title":["Trials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13063-020-4138-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13063-020-4138-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13063-020-4138-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T19:28:34Z","timestamp":1614022114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13063-020-4138-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4138"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-020-4138-1","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.20191\/v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.20191\/v2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1745-6215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1745-6215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the National Ethics Committee for Health Research Cambodia (NECHR reference: 262\/NECHR) and the National University of Singapore Institutional Review Board (REF No. N-19-095). The ethics approvals are applicable to all participating centers. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to data collection.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"220"}}