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Even so, patients with AECOPD are being treated with high oxygen flow rates when receiving inhalation drugs in the prehospital setting. A cluster-randomised controlled trial found that reduced oxygen delivery by titrated treatment reduced mortality\u2014a result supported by observational studies\u2014but the results have never been reproduced. In the STOP-COPD trial, we investigate the effect of titrated oxygen delivery compared with usual care consisting of high flow oxygen delivery in patients with AECOPD in the prehospital setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this randomised controlled trial, patients will be blinded to allocation. Patients with suspected AECOPD (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1888) attended by the emergency medical service (EMS) and aged &gt; 40 years will be allocated randomly to either standard treatment or titrated oxygen, targeting a blood oxygen saturation of 88\u201392% during inhalation therapy. The trial will be conducted in the Central Denmark Region and include all ambulance units. The power to detect a 3% 30-day mortality risk difference is 80%. The trial is approved as an emergency trial. Hence, EMS providers will include patients without prior consent.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results will provide evidence on whether titrated oxygen delivery outperforms standard high flow oxygen when used to nebulise inhaled bronchodilators in AECOPD treatment. The trial is designed to ensure unselected inclusion of patients with AECOPD needing nebulised bronchodilators\u2014a group of patients that receives high oxygen fractions when treated in the prehospital setting where the only compressed gas is generally pure oxygen. Conducting this trial, we aim to improve treatment for people with AECOPD while reducing their 30-day mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>European Union Clinical Trials (EUCT) number: 2022-502003-30-00 (authorised 06\/12\/2022), ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT05703919 (released 02\/02\/2023), Universal trial number: U1111-1278-2162.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-024-07920-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T05:02:43Z","timestamp":1706158963000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Standard vs. targeted oxygen therapy prehospitally for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (STOP-COPD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6229-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arne Sylvester R\u00f8nde","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8205-7179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan Brink","family":"Valentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3635-2675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathilde Gundgaard","family":"Mulvad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5160-0921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Hagenau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7975-7441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f8ren Helbo","family":"Skaarup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0053-5649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f8ren Paaske","family":"Johnsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1389-6777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulla","family":"V\u00e6ggemose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2888-1842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin Faurholdt","family":"Gude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7920_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12660","volume":"21","author":"JL Lopez-Campos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lopez-Campos JL, Tan W, Soriano JB. 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