{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T04:04:12Z","timestamp":1778126652641,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739318400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trials"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-025-08758-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T09:48:02Z","timestamp":1739353682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The effectiveness of vitrectomy co-adjuvant intravitreal dexamethasone implant on visual outcome in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy: study protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jipeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaoyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"8758_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1221","DOI":"10.1016\/s2214-109x(17)30393-5","volume":"5","author":"SR Flaxman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flaxman SR, Bourne RR, Resnikoff S, et al. Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990\u20132020: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2017;5:e1221\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2214-109x(17)30393-5.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"8758_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45264-e45264","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045264","volume":"7","author":"L Liu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu L, Wu X, Liu L, et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in mainland China: a meta-analysis. PloS One. 2012;7:e45264\u2013e45264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0045264.","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"8758_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stewart, Browning & Landers. Current management of diabetic tractional retinal detachments. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2018;66: 1751\u20131762, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1217_18.","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1217_18"},{"key":"8758_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen SN, Chen SJ, Wu TT et al. Refining vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2023;261: 3659\u20133670, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-023-06134-w.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06134-w"},{"key":"8758_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rush RB, Rush SW, Reinauer RM et al. Vitrectomy for diabetic complications: a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials using modern techniques and equipment. Retina 2022:42:1292\u20131301, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/iae.0000000000003471.","DOI":"10.1097\/iae.0000000000003471"},{"key":"8758_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14482","volume":"99","author":"Brouwers Schreur","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schreur Brouwers, Huet Van, et al. Long-term outcomes of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Acta Ophthalmol. 2021;99:83\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aos.14482.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"8758_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2017.1353832","volume":"33","author":"GL Yau","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yau GL, Silva PS, Arrigg PG, et al. Postoperative complications of pars plana vitrectomy for diabetic retinal disease. Semin Ophthalmol. 2018;33:126\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08820538.2017.1353832.","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"8758_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd005656","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005656.pub3","volume":"11","author":"DA Grover","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grover DA, Li T, et al. Intravitreal steroids for macular edema in diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;11:Cd005656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD005656.pub3.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"8758_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7428","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-34673-z","volume":"3","author":"SC Chi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chi SC, Kang YN, Huang YM. Efficacy and safety profile of intravitreal dexamethasone implant versus antivascular endothelial growth factor treatment in diabetic macular edema: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2023;3:7428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-34673-z.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"8758_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20160224-01","volume":"47","author":"CA Puliafito","year":"2016","unstructured":"Puliafito CA, Cousins SW, Bacharach J, et al. Forming a consensus: data and guidance for physicians treating diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:S4-s15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/23258160-20160224-01.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"},{"key":"8758_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.009","volume":"129","author":"JP Ehlers","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ehlers JP, Yeh S, Maguire MG, et al. Intravitreal pharmacotherapies for diabetic macular edema: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology. 2022;129:88\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.07.009.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"8758_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-019-01357-y","volume":"56","author":"M Iglicki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Iglicki M, Zur D, Fung A, et al. TRActional DIabetic reTInal detachment surgery with co-adjuvant intravitreal dexamethasONe implant: the TRADITION study. Acta Diabetol. 2019;56:1141\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00592-019-01357-y.","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"key":"8758_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2022.101401","volume":"26","author":"E Franzolin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Franzolin E, Gusson E, Panozzo G. The effect of pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling on the durability of the intravitreal dexamethasone implant in the treatment of diabetic macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2022;26:101401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajoc.2022.101401.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"8758_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Someya, Takayama, Takeuchi et al. Outcomes of 25-gauge vitrectomy for tractional and nontractional diabetic macular edema with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. J Ophthalmol. 2019:2019:5304524, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/5304524.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5304524"},{"key":"8758_CR15","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Handbook for good clinical research practice (GCP): guidance for implementation. 2005."},{"key":"8758_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chan T, G\u00f8tzsche SPIRIT, et al. explanation and elaboration: guidance for protocols of clinical trials. BMJ. 2013;2013(346):e7586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.e7586.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7586"},{"key":"8758_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318206d18c","volume":"31","author":"DS Boyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Boyer DS, Faber D, Gupta S, et al. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant for treatment of diabetic macular edema in vitrectomized patients. Retina. 2011;31:915\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318206d18c.","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"8758_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2020.0079","volume":"37","author":"A Altun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Altun A, Kanar HS, Aki SF, et al. Effectiveness and safety of coadministration of intravitreal dexamethasone implant and silicone oil endotamponade for proliferative diabetic retinopathy with tractional diabetic macular edema. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2021;37:131\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jop.2020.0079.","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"}],"container-title":["Trials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13063-025-08758-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13063-025-08758-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13063-025-08758-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T09:48:05Z","timestamp":1739353685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13063-025-08758-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8758"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-025-08758-1","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3622174\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1745-6215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1745-6215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and the protocol and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Tongren Hospital (TREC2022-KY063) on August 30, 2022. Patients were required to sign an informed consent form, and written informed consent was obtained from each participant.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate {24}"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication {32}"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests {28}"}}],"article-number":"51"}}