{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:04:03Z","timestamp":1789016643288,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22\/305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22\/305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trials"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-025-09029-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T18:14:39Z","timestamp":1758737679000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Caffeine to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants born late preterm (The Latte Trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8155-9564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane M.","family":"Canning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J. D.","family":"McKinlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"McNamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liza K.","family":"Edmonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny A.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Braden","family":"Te Ao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alana","family":"Cavadino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Oliphant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane M.","family":"Alsweiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"9029_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"72","author":"MJK Osterman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Osterman MJK, Hamilton BE, Martin JA, Driscoll AK, Valenzuela CP. Births: final data for 2021. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2023;72(1):1\u201353.","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"9029_CR2","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics. Birth characteristics, 2021. Newport (GB)2023."},{"issue":"2","key":"9029_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13855","volume":"155","author":"LK Edmonds","year":"2021","unstructured":"Edmonds LK, Sibanda N, Geller S, Cram F, Robson B, Filoche S, et al. He Tamariki Kokoti Tau: tackling preterm incidence and outcomes of preterm births by ethnicity in Aotearoa New Zealand 2010\u20132014. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021;155(2):239\u201346.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"9029_CR4","unstructured":"Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand. New Zealand maternity clinical indicators 2020. Wellington (NZ): Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand; 2022."},{"issue":"9","key":"9029_CR5","first-page":"1","volume":"64","author":"TJ Matthews","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matthews TJ, MacDorman MF, Thoma ME. Infant mortality statistics from the 2013 period linked birth\/infant death data set. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2015;64(9):1\u201330.","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"9029_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706475","volume":"359","author":"D Moster","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moster D, Lie RT, Markestad T. Long-term medical and social consequences of preterm birth. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(3):262\u201373.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"9029_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-3598","volume":"127","author":"MA Woythaler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Woythaler MA, McCormick MC, Smith VC. Late preterm infants have worse 24-month neurodevelopmental outcomes than term infants. Pediatrics. 2011;127(3):622\u20139.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"9029_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-3556","volume":"135","author":"K Heinonen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heinonen K, Eriksson JG, Lahti J, Kajantie E, Pesonen A-K, Tuovinen S, et al. Late preterm birth and neurocognitive performance in late adulthood: a birth cohort study. Pediatrics. 2015;135(4):818\u201325.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"9029_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F23","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.85.1.F23","volume":"85","author":"CLJ Huddy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Huddy CLJ, Johnson A, Hope PL. Educational and behavioural problems in babies of 32\u201335 weeks gestation. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2001;85:F23\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"5","key":"9029_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-1016","volume":"142","author":"MJ Berry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Berry MJ, Foster T, Rowe K, Robertson O, Robson B, Pierse N. Gestational age, health, and educational outcomes in adolescents. Pediatrics. 2018;142(5): e20181016.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"9029_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2174\/1874291201004020007","volume":"4","author":"J Smylie","year":"2010","unstructured":"Smylie J, Crengle S, Freemantle J, Taualii M. Indigenous birth outcomes in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States - an overview. Open Womens Health J. 2010;4:7\u201317.","journal-title":"Open Womens Health J"},{"key":"9029_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-019-0815-8","volume":"19","author":"T Huria","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huria T, Palmer SC, Pitama S, Beckert L, Lacey C, Ewen S, Smith LT. Consolidated criteria for strengthening reporting of health research involving indigenous peoples: the CONSIDER statement. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2019;19:1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"9029_CR13","unstructured":"Te R\u014dp\u016b Rangahau Hauora A Eru P\u014dmare - Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences UoO. Mana whakam\u0101rama - equal explanatory power: M\u0101ori and non-M\u0101ori sample size in national health surveys. Wellington (NZ): University of Otago; 2002."},{"issue":"12","key":"9029_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211182","volume":"24","author":"A Janvier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Janvier A, Khairy M, Kokkotis A, Cormier C, Messmer D, Barrington KJ. Apnea is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in very low birth weight infants. J Perinatol. 2004;24(12):763\u20138.","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"9029_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01957.x","volume":"17","author":"DJ Henderson-Smart","year":"1981","unstructured":"Henderson-Smart DJ. The effect of gestational age on the incidence and duration of recurrent apnoea in newborn babies. J Paediatr Child Health. 1981;17(4):273\u20136.","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"9029_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.08.048","volume":"204","author":"LZJ Williams","year":"2019","unstructured":"Williams LZJ, McNamara D, Alsweiler JM. Intermittent hypoxemia in infants born late preterm: a prospective cohort observational study. J Pediatr. 2019;204:89\u201395.e1.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"9029_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.8841","volume":"314","author":"CF Poets","year":"2015","unstructured":"Poets CF, Roberts RS, Schmidt B, Whyte RK, Asztalos EV, Bader D, et al. Association between intermittent hypoxemia or bradycardia and late death or disability in extremely preterm infants. JAMA. 2015;314(6):595\u2013603.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"19","key":"9029_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa073679","volume":"357","author":"B Schmidt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Davis P, Doyle LW, Barrington KJ, Ohlsson A, et al. Long-term effects of caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(19):1893\u2013902.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"9029_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-024-01939-x","author":"EA Oliphant","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oliphant EA, Hanning SM, McKinlay CJD, Alsweiler JM. Caffeine for apnea and prevention of neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Perinatol. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41372-024-01939-x.","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"9029_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2022-324010","volume":"108","author":"EA Oliphant","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oliphant EA, McKinlay CJD, McNamara D, Cavadino A, Alsweiler JM. Caffeine to prevent intermittent hypoxaemia in late preterm infants: randomised controlled dosage trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2023;108(2):106\u201313.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"10","key":"9029_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038271","volume":"10","author":"EA Oliphant","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oliphant EA, McKinlay CJD, McNamara DG, Alsweiler JM. Caffeine prophylaxis to improve intermittent hypoxaemia in infants born late preterm: a randomised controlled dosage trial (Latte Dosage Trial). BMJ Open. 2020;10(10): e038271.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"10409","key":"9029_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00878-4","volume":"402","author":"EO Ohuma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ohuma EO, Moller AB, Bradley E, Chakwera S, Hussain-Alkhateeb L, Lewin A, et al. National, regional, and global estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2023;402(10409):1261\u201371.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"9029_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lilley S, Oliver G, Cranefield J, Lewellen M. M\u0101ori data sovereignty: contributions to data cultures in the government sector in New Zealand. Inf Commun Soc. 2024:1\u201316.","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2024.2302987"},{"key":"9029_CR24","volume-title":"Te Ara Tika. Guidelines for M\u0101ori research ethics: a framework for researchers and ethics committee members","author":"M Hudson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hudson M, Milne M, Reynolds P, Russell K, Smith B. Te Ara Tika. Guidelines for M\u0101ori research ethics: a framework for researchers and ethics committee members. Auckland (NZ): Health Research Council of New Zealand; 2010."},{"issue":"1","key":"9029_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.06.002","volume":"133","author":"AM Pescatore","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pescatore AM, Dogaru CM, Duembgen L, Silverman M, Gaillard EA, Spycher BD, Kuehni CE. A simple asthma prediction tool for preschool children with wheeze or cough. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(1):111\u20138.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"9029_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08030483","volume":"8","author":"M Asher","year":"1995","unstructured":"Asher M, Keil U, Anderson H, Beasley R, Crane J, Martinez F, et al. International study of asthma and allergies in childhood (ISAAC): rationale and methods. Eur Respir J. 1995;8(3):483\u201391.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"4","key":"9029_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e164805","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.4805","volume":"171","author":"JL Cheong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheong JL, Doyle LW, Burnett AC, Lee KJ, Walsh JM, Potter CR, et al. Association between moderate and late preterm birth and neurodevelopment and social-emotional development at age 2 years. JAMA Pediatr. 2017;171(4):e164805.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"1347","key":"9029_CR28","first-page":"72","volume":"124","author":"C Lacey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lacey C, Huria T, Beckert L, Gilles M, Pitama S. The Hui process: a framework to enhance the doctor-patient relationship with Maori. N Z Med J. 2011;124(1347):72\u20138.","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"9029_CR29","unstructured":"Health Information Standards Organisation. HISO 10001:2017 Ethnicity Data Protocols. Wellington (NZ): Ministry of Health; 2017."},{"issue":"5","key":"9029_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2004.00272.x","volume":"44","author":"L McCowan","year":"2004","unstructured":"McCowan L, Stewart AW, Francis A, Gardosi J. A customised birthweight centile calculator developed for a New Zealand population. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;44(5):428\u201331.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"9029_CR31","volume-title":"NZDep2018 index of deprivation","author":"J Atkinson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Atkinson J, Crampton P, Salmond C. NZDep2018 index of deprivation. Wellington: University of Otago; 2019."},{"key":"9029_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-59","volume":"13","author":"TR Fenton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fenton TR, Kim JH. A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr. 2013;13:1\u201313.","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"9029_CR33","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO child growth standards: length\/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age: methods and development. World Health Organization; 2006."},{"key":"9029_CR34","unstructured":"Aylward G, Zhu J. The Bayley Scales: clarification for clinicians and researchers. Bloomington (MN): NCS Pearson; 2019."},{"issue":"5","key":"9029_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1177\/0734282918781431","volume":"37","author":"J M\u00e5nsson","year":"2019","unstructured":"M\u00e5nsson J, Stjernqvist K, Serenius F, \u00c5d\u00e9n U, K\u00e4ll\u00e9n K. Agreement between Bayley-III measurements and WISC-IV measurements in typically developing children. J Psychoeduc Assess. 2019;37(5):603\u201316.","journal-title":"J Psychoeduc Assess"},{"key":"9029_CR36","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"RS Flynn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Flynn RS, Huber MD, DeMauro SB. Predictive value of the BSID-II and the Bayley-III for early school age cognitive function in very preterm infants. Glob Pediatr Health. 2020;7:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Glob Pediatr Health"},{"key":"9029_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogdev.2022.101291","volume":"65","author":"S Klein-Radukic","year":"2023","unstructured":"Klein-Radukic S, Zmyj N. The predictive value of the cognitive scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III. Cogn Dev. 2023;65: 101291.","journal-title":"Cogn Dev"},{"key":"9029_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bayley N, Aylward GP. Bayley 4 Scales of Infant and Toddler Development fourth edition Australian and New Zealand digital administration manual. Sydney (AU): NCS Pearson; 2019.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-57111-9_1522"},{"issue":"4","key":"9029_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.5385\/nm.2018.25.4.178","volume":"25","author":"J Yun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yun J, Kim E-K, Shin SH, Kim H-S, Lee JA, Kim ES, Jin HJ. The Bayley-III adaptive behavior and social-emotional scales as important predictors of later school-age outcomes of children born preterm. Neonatal Med. 2018;25(4):178\u201385.","journal-title":"Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"9029_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.09.032","volume":"7","author":"ESL Pedersen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pedersen ESL, Spycher BD, De Jong CCM, Halbeisen F, Ramette A, Gaillard EA, et al. The simple 10-item predicting asthma risk in children tool to predict childhood asthma\u2014an external validation. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019;7(3):943\u201353.e4.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"9029_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-012-0177-8","volume":"22","author":"JM Landgraf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Landgraf JM, Vogel I, Oostenbrink R, van Baar ME, Raat H. Parent-reported health outcomes in infants\/toddlers: measurement properties and clinical validity of the ITQOL-SF47. Qual Life Res. 2013;22(3):635\u201346.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"9029_CR42","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"D Husereau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, et al. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations. MDM Policy Pract. 2022;7(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"MDM Policy Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"9029_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2013.02.002","volume":"16","author":"D Husereau","year":"2013","unstructured":"Husereau D, Drummond M, Petrou S, Carswell C, Moher D, Greenberg D, et al. Consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards (CHEERS)\u2014explanation and elaboration: a report of the ISPOR health economic evaluation publication guidelines good reporting practices task force. Value Health. 2013;16(2):231\u201350.","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"9029_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Allegaert K, Salaets T, Wade K, Short MA, Ward R, Singh K, et al. The neonatal adverse event severity scale: current status, a stakeholders\u2019 assessment, and future perspectives. Front Pediatr. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2023.1340607.","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1340607"}],"container-title":["Trials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13063-025-09029-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13063-025-09029-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13063-025-09029-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T18:14:43Z","timestamp":1758737683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13063-025-09029-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9029"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-025-09029-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1745-6215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1745-6215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This trial has been approved by the Health and Disability Ethics Committee, New Zealand: Reference 2022 FULL 13147. Written, informed consent to participate will be obtained from the parent\/caregiver of all participating infants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate {24}"}},{"value":"A model patient information and consent form can be provided on request.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication {32}"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests {28}"}}],"article-number":"346"}}