{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T01:42:34Z","timestamp":1792633354389,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P51OD011104\/P51RR000164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P51OD011104\/P51RR000164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1638-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T11:06:36Z","timestamp":1467975996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Immunomodulatory effects of tick saliva on dermal cells exposed to Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Dorothy C.","family":"Scholl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica E.","family":"Embers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Caskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Kaushal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas N.","family":"Mather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne R.","family":"Buck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Morici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario T.","family":"Philipp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1638_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2005.01.003","volume":"11","author":"M Guerau-de-Arellano","year":"2005","unstructured":"Guerau-de-Arellano M, Huber BT. Chemokines and Toll-like receptors in Lyme disease pathogenesis. Trends Mol Med. 2005;11:114\u201320.","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"1638_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S161","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004004834","volume":"129","author":"M Brossard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brossard M, Wikel SK. Tick immunobiology. Parasitol. 2004;129(Suppl):S161\u201376.","journal-title":"Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050043","volume":"5","author":"JW Hovius","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hovius JW, Levi M, Fikrig E. Salivating for knowledge: potential pharmacological agents in tick saliva. PLoS Med. 2008;5:e43.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"1638_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00482-10","volume":"79","author":"C Marchal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marchal C, Schramm F, Kern A, Luft BJ, Yang X, et al. Antialarmin effect of tick saliva during the transmission of Lyme disease. Infection and Immunity. 2011;79:774\u201385.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"1638_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S177","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004005633","volume":"129","author":"PA Nuttall","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nuttall PA, Labuda M. Tick-host interactions: saliva-activated transmission. Parasitol. 2004;129(Suppl):S177\u201389.","journal-title":"Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.2000.00309.x","volume":"22","author":"RD Gillespie","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gillespie RD, Mbow ML, Titus RG. The immunomodulatory factors of bloodfeeding arthropod saliva. Parasite Immunol. 2000;22:319\u201331.","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.202","volume":"129","author":"JW Hovius","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hovius JW. Spitting image: tick saliva assists the causative agent of Lyme disease in evading host skin\u2019s innate immune response. J Investig Dermatol. 2009;129:2337\u20139.","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"1638_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12853","volume":"25","author":"Q Bernard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bernard Q, Gallo RL, Jaulhac B, Nakatsuji T, Luft B, et al. Ixodes tick saliva suppresses the keratinocyte cytokine response to TLR2\/TLR3 ligands during early exposure to Lyme borreliosis. Exp Dermatol. 2016;25:26\u201331.","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1638_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2007.07.001","volume":"23","author":"JW Hovius","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hovius JW, van Dam AP, Fikrig E. Tick-host-pathogen interactions in Lyme borreliosis. Trends Parasitol. 2007;23:434\u20138.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Taeye SW, Kreuk L, et al. \"Complement evasion by Borrelia burgdorferi: it takes three to tango.\" Trends Parasitol. 2013;29(3):119-128.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.12.001"},{"key":"1638_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.1.575-578.2001","volume":"69","author":"M Kuthejlov\u00e1","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kuthejlov\u00e1 M, Kopeck\u00fd J, \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1nov\u00e1 G, Macela A. Tick salivary gland extract inhibits killing of Borrelia afzelii spirochetes by mouse macrophages. Infect Immun. 2001;69:575\u20138.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1638_CR12","first-page":"169","volume":"20","author":"J Kopecky","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kopecky J, Kuthejlova M. Suppressive effect of Ixodes ricinus salivary gland extract on mechanisms of natural immunity in vitro. Parasite Immunol. 1998;20:169\u201374.","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0962-1075.2001.00311.x","volume":"11","author":"S Sangamnatdej","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sangamnatdej S, Paesen GC, Slovak M, Nuttall PA. A high affinity serotonin- and histamine-binding lipocalin from tick saliva. Insect Mol Biol. 2002;11:79\u201386.","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol"},{"key":"1638_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180050430","volume":"56","author":"H Wang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wang H, Nuttall PA. Immunoglobulin-binding proteins in ticks: new target for vaccine development against a blood-feeding parasite. Cell Mol Life Sci. 1999;56:286\u201395.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"1638_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000064908","volume":"111","author":"H Wang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wang H, Nuttall PA. Immunoglobulin-G binding proteins in the ixodid ticks, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Amblyomma variegatum and Ixodes hexagonus. Parasitol. 1995;111:161\u20135.","journal-title":"Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2320","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01507-08","volume":"77","author":"X Guo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guo X, Booth CJ, Paley MA, Wang X, DePonte K, et al. Inhibition of neutrophil function by two tick salivary proteins. Infect Immun. 2009;77:2320\u20139.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1638_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.06.010","volume":"10","author":"J Schuijt Tim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schuijt Tim J, Coumou J, Narasimhan S, Dai J, DePonte K, et al. A tick mannose-binding lectin inhibitor interferes with the vertebrate complement cascade to enhance transmission of the Lyme disease agent. Cell Host Microbe. 2011;10:136\u201346.","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"1638_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wikel S. Ticks and tick-borne pathogens at the cutaneous interface: host defenses, tick countermeasures, and a suitable environment for pathogen establishment. Front Microbiol. 2013;4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2013.00337"},{"key":"1638_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kazimirova M, Stibraniova I. Tick salivary compounds: their role in modulation of host defences and pathogen transmission. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2013;3.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2013.00043"},{"key":"1638_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2001)087[1342:SGEFIR]2.0.CO;2","volume":"87","author":"L Kovar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kovar L, Kopecky J, Rihova B. Salivary gland extract from Ixodes ricinus tick polarizes the cytokine profile toward Th2 and suppresses proliferation of T lymphocytes in human PBMC culture. J Parasitol. 2001;87:1342\u20138.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/166.4.827","volume":"166","author":"CM Shih","year":"1992","unstructured":"Shih CM, Pollack RJ, Telford 3rd SR, Spielman A. Delayed dissemination of Lyme disease spirochetes from the site of deposition in the skin of mice. J Infect Dis. 1992;166:827\u201331.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1638_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2878","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.31.11.2878-2881.1993","volume":"31","author":"CM Shih","year":"1993","unstructured":"Shih CM, Spielman A. Accelerated transmission of Lyme disease spirochetes by partially fed vector ticks. J Clin Microbiol. 1993;31:2878\u201381.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1638_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9904","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.17.9904","volume":"270","author":"RL Kitchens","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kitchens RL, Munford RS. Enzymatically deacylated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can antagonize LPS at multiple sites in the LPS recognition pathway. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:9904\u201310.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1638_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.98.2.391","volume":"98","author":"DJ Mangelsdorf","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mangelsdorf DJ, Koeffler HP, Donaldson CA, Pike JW, Haussler MR. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced differentiation in a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60): receptor-mediated maturation to macrophage-like cells. J Cell Biol. 1984;98:391\u20138.","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"1638_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13865","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.25.13865","volume":"97","author":"JE Purser","year":"2000","unstructured":"Purser JE, Norris SJ. Correlation between plasmid content and infectivity in Borrelia burgdorferi. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000;97:13865\u201370.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"1638_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1160\/TH04-09-0566","volume":"94","author":"IMB Francischetti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Francischetti IMB, Mather TN, Ribeiro JMC. Tick saliva is a potent inhibitor of endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Thromb Haemost. 2005;94:167\u201374.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"1638_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2004.02079.x","volume":"114","author":"KA Cavassani","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cavassani KA, Aliberti JC, Dias AR, Silva JS, Ferreira BR. Tick saliva inhibits differentiation, maturation and function of murine bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells. Immunol. 2005;114:235\u201345.","journal-title":"Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keira SM, Ferreira LM, Gragnani A, Duarte IS, Santos IAN. Experimental model for fibroblast culture. Acta Cir Bras. 2004; 19.","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502004000700004"},{"key":"1638_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18717","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M001486200","volume":"275","author":"JG Valenzuela","year":"2000","unstructured":"Valenzuela JG, Charlab R, Mather TN, Ribeiro JMC. Purification, Cloning, and expression of a novel salivary anticomplement protein from the tick, Ixodes scapularis. J Biol Chem. 2000;275:18717\u201323.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1638_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patton TG, Dietrich G, Brandt K, Dolan MC, Piesman J, et al. Saliva, salivary gland, and hemolymph collection from Ixodes scapularis Ticks. J Vis Exp. 2012;(60):e3894.","DOI":"10.3791\/3894"},{"key":"1638_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/30.9.e36","volume":"30","author":"MW Pfaffl","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pfaffl MW, Horgan GW, Dempfle L. Relative expression software tool (REST) for group-wise comparison and statistical analysis of relative expression results in real-time PCR. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002;30:e36.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"1638_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000056365","volume":"85","author":"M Brossard","year":"1982","unstructured":"Brossard M, Fivaz V. Ixodes ricinus L.: mast cells, basophils and eosinophils in the sequence of cellular events in the skin of infested or re-infested rabbits. Parasitol. 1982;85:583\u201392.","journal-title":"Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912093412407","volume":"341","author":"C Robert","year":"1999","unstructured":"Robert C, Kupper TS. Inflammatory skin diseases, T cells, and immune surveillance. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:1817\u201328.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1638_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004006535","volume":"130","author":"V Hajnick\u00e1","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hajnick\u00e1 V, Van\u010dov\u00e1 I, Koc\u00e1kov\u00e1 P, Slov\u00e1k M, Ga\u0161per\u00edk J, et al. Manipulation of host cytokine network by ticks: a potential gateway for pathogen transmission. Parasitol. 2005;130:333\u201342.","journal-title":"Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.09.029","volume":"167","author":"I Van\u010dov\u00e1","year":"2010","unstructured":"Van\u010dov\u00e1 I, Hajnick\u00e1 V, Slov\u00e1k M, Nuttall PA. Anti-chemokine activities of ixodid ticks depend on tick species, developmental stage, and duration of feeding. Vet Parasitol. 2010;167:274\u20138.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2010.09.005","volume":"41","author":"V Hajnick\u00e1","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hajnick\u00e1 V, Van\u010dov\u00e1-\u0160tibr\u00e1niov\u00e1 I, Slov\u00e1k M, Koc\u00e1kov\u00e1 P, Nuttall PA. Ixodid tick salivary gland products target host wound healing growth factors. Int J Parasitol. 2011;41:213\u201323.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1089\/153036602321653860","volume":"2","author":"RM Wooten","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wooten RM, Ma Y, Yoder RA, Brown JP, Weis JH, et al. Toll-like receptor 2 plays a pivotal role in host defense and inflammatory response to Borrelia burgdorferi. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2002;2:275\u20138.","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"1638_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202462","volume":"190","author":"KF MacKenzie","year":"2013","unstructured":"MacKenzie KF, Clark K, Naqvi S, McGuire VA, N\u00f6ehren G, et al. PGE(2) induces macrophage IL-10 production and a regulatory-like phenotype via a protein kinase A\u2013SIK\u2013CRTC3 Pathway. The J Immunol. 2013;190:565\u201377.","journal-title":"The J Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3683","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1013776108","volume":"108","author":"JL Cervantes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cervantes JL, Dunham-Ems SM, La Vake CJ, Petzke MM, Sahay B, et al. Phagosomal signaling by Borrelia burgdorferi in human monocytes involves Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR8 cooperativity and TLR8-mediated induction of IFN-\u03b2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2011;108:3683\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"1638_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2174\/1573395052952941","volume":"1","author":"P Andor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Andor P, Istvan N, Lajos K. Innate Immunity in the Skin: How keratinocytes fight against pathogens. Curr Immunol Rev. 2005;1:29\u201342.","journal-title":"Curr Immunol Rev"},{"key":"1638_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.2.1151","volume":"178","author":"R Mahanonda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mahanonda R, Sa-Ard-Iam N, Montreekachon P, Pimkhaokham A, Yongvanichit K, et al. IL-8 and IDO Expression by human gingival fibroblasts via TLRs. Immunol. 2007;178:1151\u20137.","journal-title":"Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2998","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.7.2998","volume":"157","author":"L Filgueira","year":"1996","unstructured":"Filgueira L, Nestle FO, Rittig M, Joller HI, Groscurth P. Human dendritic cells phagocytose and process Borrelia burgdorferi. J Immunol. 1996;157:2998\u20133005.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2013.12.003","volume":"30","author":"LMK Mason","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mason LMK, Veerman CC, Geijtenbeek TBH, Hovius JWR. M\u00e9nage \u00e0 trois: Borrelia, dendritic cells, and tick saliva interactions. Trends Parasitol. 2014;30:95\u2013103.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"1638_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2011.01332.x","volume":"33","author":"M Sl\u00e1mov\u00e1","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sl\u00e1mov\u00e1 M, Skallov\u00e1 A, P\u00c1len\u00edkov\u00e1 J, Kopeck\u00fd J. Effect of tick saliva on immune interactions between Borrelia afzelii and murine dendritic cells. Parasite Immunol. 2011;33:654\u201360.","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0040031","volume":"4","author":"JW Hovius","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hovius JW, de Jong MA, den Dunnen J, Litjens M, Fikrig E, et al. Salp15 binding to DC-SIGN inhibits cytokine expression by impairing both nucleosome remodeling and mRNA stabilization. PLoS Pathog. 2008;4:e31.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"1638_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6186","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.6186","volume":"180","author":"A Skallov\u00e1","year":"2008","unstructured":"Skallov\u00e1 A, Iezzi G, Ampenberger F, Kopf M, Kopeck\u00fd J. Tick saliva inhibits dendritic cell migration, maturation, and function while promoting development of Th2 responses. J Immunol. 2008;180:6186\u201392.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.3.1497","volume":"179","author":"A S\u00e1-Nunes","year":"2007","unstructured":"S\u00e1-Nunes A, Bafica A, Lucas DA, Conrads TP, Veenstra TD, et al. Prostaglandin E2 is a major inhibitor of dendritic cell maturation and function in Ixodes scapularis saliva. J Immunol. 2007;179:1497\u2013505.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.73","volume":"129","author":"CM Marchal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marchal CM, Luft BJ, Yang X, Sibilia J, Jaulhac B, et al. Defensin is suppressed by tick salivary gland extract during the in vitro interaction of resident skin cells with Borrelia burgdorferi. J Investig Dermatol. 2009;129:2515\u20137.","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"1638_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40046","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040046","volume":"7","author":"F Schramm","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schramm F, Kern A, Barthel C, Nadaud S, Meyer N, et al. Microarray analyses of inflammation response of human dermal fibroblasts to different strains of Borrelia burgdorferi\u00a0sensu stricto. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e40046.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1638_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1999.00233.x","volume":"21","author":"J Kopecky","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kopecky J, Kuthejlova M, Pechova J. Salivary gland extract from Ixodes ricinus ticks inhibits production of interferon-gamma by the upregulation of interleukin-10. Parasite Immunol. 1999;21:351\u20136.","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-37.6.885","volume":"37","author":"GB Schoeler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schoeler GB, Manweiler SA, Bergman DK, Wikel SK. Influence of repeated infestations with pathogen-free Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) on in vitro lymphocyte proliferation responses of C3H\/HeN mice. J Med Entomol. 2000;37:885\u201392.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"1638_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.1881-1888.2002","volume":"70","author":"GH Giambartolomei","year":"2002","unstructured":"Giambartolomei GH, Dennis VA, Lasater BL, Murthy PK, Philipp MT. Autocrine and exocrine regulation of interleukin-10 production in THP-1 cells stimulated with Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins. Infect Immun. 2002;70:1881\u20138.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1638_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4723","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00464-10","volume":"78","author":"S Antonara","year":"2010","unstructured":"Antonara S, Ristow L, McCarthy J, Coburn J. Effect of Borrelia burgdorferi OspC at the site of inoculation in mouse skin. Infect Immun. 2010;78:4723\u201333.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1638_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001205","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001205","volume":"6","author":"J Dai","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dai J, Narasimhan S, Zhang L, Liu L, Wang P, et al. Tick histamine release factor is critical for Ixodes scapularis engorgement and transmission of the Lyme disease agent. PLoS Pathog. 2010;6:e1001205.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"1638_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2012.01375.x","volume":"34","author":"J Lieskovska","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lieskovska J, Kopecky J. Effect of tick saliva on signalling pathways activated by TLR-2 ligand and Borrelia afzelii in dendritic cells. Parasite Immunol. 2012;34:421\u20139.","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3285","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.7.3285","volume":"158","author":"K Ebnet","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ebnet K, Brown KD, Siebenlist UK, Simon MM, Shaw S. Borrelia burgdorferi activates nuclear factor-kappa B and is a potent inducer of chemokine and adhesion molecule gene expression in endothelial cells and fibroblasts. J Immunol. 1997;158:3285\u201392.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1638_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2008.02.008","volume":"36","author":"BA Croker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Croker BA, Mielke LA, Wormald S, Metcalf D, Kiu H, et al. Socs3 maintains the specificity of biological responses to cytokine signals during granulocyte and macrophage differentiation. Exp Hematol. 2008;36:786\u201398.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"1638_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7038","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M408575200","volume":"280","author":"E Kario","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kario E, Marmor MD, Adamsky K, Citri A, Amit I, et al. Suppressors of cytokine signaling 4 and 5 regulate epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:7038\u201348.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1638_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2009.04.008","volume":"9","author":"S Sanjabi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sanjabi S, Zenewicz LA, Kamanaka M, Flavell RA. Anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory roles of TGF-\u03b2, IL-10, and IL-22 in immunity and autoimmunity. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2009;9:447\u201353.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"1638_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2003.10.019","volume":"36","author":"M Maurer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maurer M, von Stebut E. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004;36:1882\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"1638_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2008.04.005","volume":"119","author":"C Kramer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kramer C, Nahmias Z, Norman DD, Mulvihill TA, Coons LB, et al. Dermacentor variabilis: Regulation of fibroblast migration by tick salivary gland extract and saliva. Exp Parasitol. 2008;119:391\u20137.","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"}],"container-title":["Parasites &amp; Vectors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-016-1638-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13071-016-1638-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-016-1638-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-016-1638-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T04:52:27Z","timestamp":1692420747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13071-016-1638-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1638"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-016-1638-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-3305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-3305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 February 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 July 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"394"}}