{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:37:00Z","timestamp":1791275820117,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"German Ornithologists' Union"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2170-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]],"date-time":"2017-05-18T16:17:05Z","timestamp":1495124225000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["High prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in wild columbids across western and southern Europe"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Melanie","family":"Marx","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Reiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Willems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorio","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Hillerich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan F.","family":"Masello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia L.","family":"Mayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny C.","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca C.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon J.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith C.","family":"Hamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Metzger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo G.","family":"Cecere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Spina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Koschkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Calder\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Romeike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Quillfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2170_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(54)90035-1","volume":"3","author":"RM Stabler","year":"1954","unstructured":"Stabler RM. Trichomonas gallinae. A review. Exp Parasitol. 1954;3(4):368\u2013402.","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"2170_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-41.2.304","volume":"41","author":"O Krone","year":"2005","unstructured":"Krone O, Altenkamp R, Kenntner N. Prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in northern goshawks from the Berlin area of northeastern Germany. J Wildl Dis. 2005;41:304\u20139.","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"2170_CR3","volume-title":"Parasitic diseases of wild birds","author":"DJ Forrester","year":"2008","unstructured":"Forrester DJ, Foster GW. Trichomonosis. In: Atkinson CT, Thompson NJ, Hunter DB, editors. Parasitic diseases of wild birds. Ames: Wiley-Blackwell; 2008."},{"key":"2170_CR4","volume":"5","author":"RA Robinson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Robinson RA, Lawson B, Toms MP, Peck KM, Kirkwood JK, Chantrey J, et al. Emerging infectious disease leads to rapid population declines of common british birds. PLoS One. 2010;5:e12215.","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"2170_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013002096","volume":"141","author":"A Amin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Amin A, Bilic I, Liebhart D, Hess M. Trichomonads in birds - a review. Parasitology. 2014;141:733\u201347.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2170_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-011-0696-8","volume":"8","author":"B Lawson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lawson B, Robinson RA, Neimanis A, Handeland K, Isomursu M, Agren EO, et al. Evidence of spread of the emerging infectious disease, finch trichomonosis, by migrating birds. Ecohealth. 2011;8:143\u201353.","journal-title":"Ecohealth"},{"key":"2170_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/ibi.12028","volume":"155","author":"A Lehikoinen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lehikoinen A, Lehikoinen E, Valkama J, V\u00e4is\u00e4nen RA, Isomursu M. Impacts of trichomonosis epidemics on Greenfinch Chloris chloris and Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs populations in Finland. Ibis. 2013;155:357\u201366.","journal-title":"Ibis"},{"key":"2170_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013002023","volume":"141","author":"P Ganas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ganas P, Jaskulska B, Lawson B, Zadravec M, Hess M, Bilic I. Multi-locus sequence typing confirms the clonality of Trichomonas gallinae isolates circulating in European finches. Parasitology. 2014;141:652\u201361.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2170_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"54","author":"M Peters","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peters M, Kilwinski J, Reckling D, Henning K. Geh\u00e4ufte Todesf\u00e4lle von wild lebenden Gr\u00fcnfinken an Futterstellen infolge Trichomonas-gallinae-Infektionen - ein aktuelles Problem in Norddeutschland. Kleintierpraxis. 2009;54:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Kleintierpraxis"},{"key":"2170_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-43.3.399","volume":"43","author":"N Bunbury","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bunbury N, Jones CG, Greenwood AG, Bell DJ. Trichomonas gallinae in Mauritian columbids: implications for an endangered endemic. J Wildl Dis. 2007;43:399\u2013407.","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"2170_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2014.03.002","volume":"24","author":"YA Girard","year":"2014","unstructured":"Girard YA, Rogers KH, Woods LW, Chouicha N, Miller WA, Johnson CK. Dual-pathogen etiology of avian trichomonosis in a declining band-tailed pigeon population. Infect Genet Evol. 2014;24:146\u201356.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"2170_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013000887","volume":"140","author":"RJ Lennon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lennon RJ, Dunn JC, Stockdale JE, Goodman SJ, Morris AJ, Hamer KC. Trichomonad parasite infection in four species of Columbidae in the UK. Parasitology. 2013;140:1368\u201376.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2170_CR13","first-page":"3261","volume":"6","author":"SB Qiu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Qiu SB, Yan C, Zhou DH, Hou J, Wang QQ, Lin Y, et al. High prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in subtropical southern China. African J Microbiol Res. 2012;6:3261\u20134.","journal-title":"African J Microbiol Res"},{"key":"2170_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450902912135","volume":"38","author":"J Sansano-Maestre","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sansano-Maestre J, Garijo-Toledo MM, G\u00f3mez-Mu\u00f1oz MT. Prevalence and genotyping of Trichomonas gallinae in pigeons and birds of prey. Avian Pathol. 2009;38:201\u20137.","journal-title":"Avian Pathol"},{"key":"2170_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-919X.2006.00561.x","volume":"148","author":"D Villan\u00faa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Villan\u00faa D, H\u00f6fle U, P\u00e9rez-Rodr\u00edguez L, Gort\u00e1zar C. Trichomonas gallinae in wintering common wood pigeons Columba palumbus in Spain. Ibis. 2006;148:641\u20138.","journal-title":"Ibis"},{"key":"2170_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hegemann A, Hegemann ED, Krone O. Trichomonosis in a free-living stock dove (Columba oenas). Eur J Wildl Res. 2007;53:235\u20137.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-007-0090-6"},{"key":"2170_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-004-0043-2","volume":"50","author":"U H\u00f6fle","year":"2004","unstructured":"H\u00f6fle U, Gortazar C, Ortiz JA, Knispel B, Kaleta EF. Outbreak of trichomoniasis in a woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) wintering roost. Eur J Wildl Res. 2004;50:73\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Wildl Res"},{"key":"2170_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marx M, Korner-Nievergelt F, Quillfeldt P. Analysis of ring recoveries of European turtle doves Streptopelia turtur - flyways, timing of migration and origins of hunted birds. Acta Orn. 2016;51(1):55\u201370.","DOI":"10.3161\/00016454AO2016.51.1.005"},{"key":"2170_CR19","volume-title":"Handbuch Der V\u00f6gel Mitteleuropas, Band 9, Columbiformes-Piciformes","author":"UG Blotzheim von","year":"1994","unstructured":"von Blotzheim UG, Bauer KM. Handbuch Der V\u00f6gel Mitteleuropas, Band 9, Columbiformes-Piciformes. 1994."},{"key":"2170_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2009.01651.x","volume":"46","author":"KA Hobson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hobson KA, Lorm\u00e9e H, Van Wilgenburg SL, Wassenaar LI, Boutin JM. Stable isotopes (\u03b4D) delineate the origins and migratory connectivity of harvested animals: the case of European woodpigeons. J Appl Ecol. 2009;46:572\u201381.","journal-title":"J Appl Ecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2170_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-5.3.148","volume":"5","author":"RM Kocan","year":"1969","unstructured":"Kocan RM. Various grains and liquid as potential vehicles of transmission for Trichomonas gallinae. Bullet Wildl Dis Assoc. 1969;5(3):148\u20139.","journal-title":"Bullet Wildl Dis Assoc"},{"key":"2170_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2011.06.007","volume":"11","author":"B Lawson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lawson B, Cunningham AA, Chantrey J, Hughes LA, John SK, Bunbury N, et al. A clonal strain of Trichomonas gallinae is the aetiologic agent of an emerging avian epidemic disease. Infect Genet Evol. 2011;11:1638\u201345.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"2170_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2852","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2012.0130","volume":"367","author":"B Lawson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lawson B, Robinson RA, Colvile KM, Peck KM, Chantrey J, Pennycott TW, et al. The emergence and spread of finch trichomonosis in the British Isles. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2012;367:2852\u201363.","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"2170_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3354\/esr00088","volume":"9","author":"N Bunbury","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bunbury N, Stidworthy M, Greenwood A, Jones C, Sawmy S, Cole R, et al. Causes of mortality in free-living Mauritian pink pigeons Columba mayeri, 2002\u20132006. Endanger Species Res. 2008;9:213\u2013220.21.","journal-title":"Endanger Species Res"},{"key":"2170_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stabler RM. Variations in virulence of strains of Trichomonas gallinae in pigeons. J Parasitol. 1948;34(2):147\u20139.","DOI":"10.2307\/3273411"},{"issue":"2","key":"2170_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.2307\/3273412","volume":"34","author":"RM Stabler","year":"1948","unstructured":"Stabler RM. Protection in pigeons against virulent Trichomonas gallinae acquired by infection with milder strains. J Parasitol. 1948;34(2):150\u20133.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"2170_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stockdale J, Dunn JC, Goodman SJ, Morris AJ, Sheehan DK, Grice PV, Hamer KC. The protozoan parasite Trichomonas gallinae causes adult and nestling mortality in a declining population of European Turtle Doves, Streptopelia turtur. Parasitology. 2015;142(3):490\u20138.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182014001474"},{"key":"2170_CR28","unstructured":"BirdLife International. Species factsheet: Streptopelia turtur. 2016. Downloaded from http:\/\/www.birdlife.org . Accessed 18 Feb 2016."},{"key":"2170_CR29","first-page":"117","volume":"3","author":"K Hillerich","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hillerich K. Ergebnisse aus mehrj\u00e4hriger Planberingung von Hohltauben (Columba oenas). Vogel und Umwelt. 1984;3:117\u201334.","journal-title":"Vogel und Umwelt"},{"key":"2170_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1637\/8952-060509-Case.1","volume":"54","author":"AS Neimanis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Neimanis AS, Heandeland K, Isomursu M, \u00c5gren E, Mattson R, Hamnes IS, et al. First report of epizootic trichomoniasis in wild finches (Family Fringilidae) in southern Fennoscandia. Avian Dis. 2010;54:136\u201341.","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"2170_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.2.1005-1006.2005","volume":"43","author":"N Bunbury","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bunbury N, Bell D, Jones C, Greenwood A, Hunter P. Comparison of the InPouch TF culture system and wet-mount microscopy for diagnosis of Trichomonas gallinae infections in the pink pigeon Columba mayeri. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:1005\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2170_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013000553","volume":"140","author":"R Meg\u00eda-Palma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Meg\u00eda-Palma R, Mart\u00ednez J, Merino S. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA gene sequences of Schellackia parasites (Apicomplexa: Lankesterellidae) reveals their close relationship to the genus Eimeria. Parasitology. 2013;140:1149\u201357.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2170_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.04.015","volume":"172","author":"E Grabensteiner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grabensteiner E, Bilic I, Kolbe T, Hess M. Molecular analysis of clonal trichomonad isolates indicate the existence of heterogenic species present in different birds and within the same host. Vet Parasitol. 2010;172:53\u201364.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2170_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182097001212","volume":"115","author":"RS Felleisen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Felleisen RS. Comparative sequence analysis of 5.8S rRNA genes and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of trichomonadid protozoa. Parasitology. 1997;115(2):111\u20139.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2170_CR35","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2016","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2016. http:\/\/www. Rproject.org."},{"key":"2170_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9551","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09551","volume":"5","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Zhang Y-X, Liu W-W, Ma Y, Fang Q, Yao B. Printing 2-dimentional droplet array for single-cell reverse transcription quantitative PCR assay with a microfluid robot. Sci Rep. 2015;5:9551.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2170_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2007.09.008","volume":"141","author":"N Bunbury","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bunbury N, Jones CG, Greenwood AG, Bell DJ. Epidemiology and conservation implications of Trichomonas gallinae in the endangered Mauritian pink pigeon. Biol Cons. 2008;141:153\u201361.","journal-title":"Biol Cons"},{"key":"2170_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389","volume":"25","author":"SF Altschul","year":"1997","unstructured":"Altschul SF, Madden TL, Sch\u00e4ffer AA, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, Lipman DJ. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: A new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997;25:3389\u2013402.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2170_CR39","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"C Duboucher","year":"2006","unstructured":"Duboucher C, Caby S, Chab\u00e9 M, Gantois N, Billy C, Barr\u00e9 E, et al. Molecular identification of Tritrichomonas foetus -like organisms as coinfecting agents of human pneumocystis pneumonia. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;3:1\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2170_CR40","unstructured":"Hall T. BioEdit Biological sequence alignment editor for Win95\/98\/NT\/2K\/XP\/7. http:\/\/www.mbio.ncsu.edu\/BioEdit\/bioedit.html"},{"issue":"12","key":"2170_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","volume":"30","author":"K Tamura","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol. 2013;30(12):2725\u20139.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2170_CR42","first-page":"1","volume":"140","author":"JF Chi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chi JF, Lawson B, Durrant C, Beckmann K, John S, Alrefaei AF, et al. The finch epidemic strain of Trichomonas gallinae is predominant in British non-passerines. Parasitology. 2013;140(10):1\u201312.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"5809","key":"2170_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1132894","volume":"315","author":"JM Carlton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Carlton JM, Hirt RP, Silva JC, Delcher AL, Schatz M, Zhao Q, et al. Draft genome sequence of the sexually transmitted pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis. Science. 2007;315(5809):207\u201312.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"2170_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1585.1","volume":"94","author":"RW Gerhold","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gerhold RW, Yabsley MJ, Smith AJ, Ostergaard E, Mannan W, Cann JD, Fischer JR. Molecular characterization of the Trichomonas gallinae morphologic complex in the United States. J Parasitol. 2008;94(6):1335\u201341.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"2170_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.33899\/ijvs.2009.5731","volume":"23","author":"H Al-Bakry","year":"2009","unstructured":"Al-Bakry H. Prevalence of avian trichomoniasis in different species of pigeons in Mosul. Iraqi J Vet Sci. 2009;23:105\u20139.","journal-title":"Iraqi J Vet Sci"},{"key":"2170_CR46","series-title":"PhD thesis, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK","volume-title":"Parasitic disease in the endangered Mauritian pink pigeon Columba mayeri","author":"N Bunbury","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bunbury N. Parasitic disease in the endangered Mauritian pink pigeon Columba mayeri, PhD thesis, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. 2006."},{"issue":"2","key":"2170_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(75)80139-2","volume":"62","author":"MD Alur","year":"1975","unstructured":"Alur MD, Grecz N. Mechanism of Injury of Escherichia coli by Freezing and Thawing. Biochem Biophys Res Com. 1975;62(2):308\u201312.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Com"},{"key":"2170_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.27.9.569","volume":"27","author":"KD Ross","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ross KD, Haites NE, Kelly KF. Repeated freezing and thawing of peripheral blood and DNA in suspension: effects on DNA yield and integrity. J Med Genet. 1990;27:569\u201370.","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"2170_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2013.04.001","volume":"57","author":"D Straube","year":"2013","unstructured":"Straube D, Juen A. Storage and shipping of tissue samples for DNA analyses: A case study on earthworms. Eur J Soil Biol. 2013;57:13\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Soil Biol"},{"key":"2170_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1097\/PDM.0b013e3181857e92","volume":"18","author":"J Botling","year":"2009","unstructured":"Botling J, Edlund K, Segerstern U, Tahmasebpoor S, Engstr\u00f6m M, Sundstr\u00f6m M, et al. Impact of thawing on RNA integrity and gene expression analysis in fresh frozen tissue. Diagn Mol Pathol. 2009;18:44\u201352.","journal-title":"Diagn Mol Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2170_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s12686-016-0518-y","volume":"8","author":"JC Dunn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dunn JC, Stockdale JE, McCubbin A, Thomas RC, Goodman SJ, Grice PV, et al. Non-cultured faecal and gastrointestinal seed samples fail to detect trichomonad infection in clinically and sub-clinically infected columbid birds. Conservation Genet Resour. 2016;8(2):97\u20139.","journal-title":"Conservation Genet Resour"},{"issue":"3","key":"2170_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1637\/7333-012505R.1","volume":"49","author":"JH Schulz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schulz JH, Bermudez AJ, Millspaugh JJ. Monitoring presence and annual variation of trichomoniasis in mourning doves. Avian Dis. 2005;49(3):387\u20139.","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"2170_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-016-0817-7","volume":"16","author":"L Cald\u00e9ron","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cald\u00e9ron L, Campagna L, Wilke T, Lormee H, Eraud C, Dunn JC, et al. Genomic evidence of demographic fluctuations and lack of genetic structure across flyways in a long distance migrant, the European turtle dove. BMC Evol Biol. 2016;16:237.","journal-title":"BMC Evol Biol"},{"key":"2170_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1474-919X.2003.00185.x","volume":"145","author":"SJ Browne","year":"2003","unstructured":"Browne SJ, Aebischer NJ. Habitat use, foraging ecology and diet of turtle doves Streptopelia turtur in Britain. Ibis. 2003;145:572\u201382.","journal-title":"Ibis"},{"key":"2170_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1325","volume":"268","author":"PF Donald","year":"2001","unstructured":"Donald PF, Green RE, Heath MF. Agricultural intensification and the collapse of Europe\u2019s farmland bird populations. Proc R Soc Lond B. 2001;268:25\u20139.","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B"},{"key":"2170_CR56","volume-title":"Der dritte Lagebericht. Zusammenfassung","author":"Europ\u00e4ische Umweltagentur","year":"2003","unstructured":"Europ\u00e4ische Umweltagentur. Der dritte Lagebericht. Zusammenfassung. Luxemburg: Amt f\u00fcr Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen der Europ\u00e4ischen Gemeinschaften, Die Umwelt in Europa\/Europ\u00e4ische Umweltagentur; 2003."},{"key":"2170_CR57","first-page":"83","volume":"35","author":"M Leterrier","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leterrier M, Morio F, Renard B, Poirer AS, Miegeville M, Chambreuil G. Trichomonads in pleural effusion: case report, literature review and utility of PCR for species identification. New Microbiol. 2012;35:83\u20137.","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2170_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2014.967660","volume":"43","author":"MC Mart\u00ednez-Herrero","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Herrero MC, Sansano-Maestre J, L\u00f3pez M\u00e1rquez I, Ob\u00f3n E, Ponce C, Gonz\u00e1lez J, et al. Genetic characterization of oropharyngeal trichomonad isolates from wild birds indicates that genotype is associated with host species, diet and presence of pathognomonic lesions. Avian Pathol. 2014;43(6):1\u201339.","journal-title":"Avian Pathol"},{"key":"2170_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2004.04.004","volume":"34","author":"P Kleina","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kleina P, Bettim-Bandinelli J, Bonatto SL, Benchimol M, Bogo MR. Molecular phylogeny of Trichomonadidae family inferred from ITS-1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS-2 sequences. Int J Parasitol. 2004;34:963\u201370.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"2170_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.10.029","volume":"211","author":"X Jiang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jiang X, Sun J, Wang F, Li H, Zhao X. Prevalence of Trichomonas spp. in domestic pigeons in Shandong Province, China, and genotyping by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Vet J. 2016;211:88\u201393.","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"2170_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(02)00388-8","volume":"284","author":"FGJ Voncken","year":"2002","unstructured":"Voncken FGJ, Boxma B, van Hoek AHAM, Akhmanova AS, Vogels GD, Huynen M, et al. A hydrogenosomal [Fe]-hydrogenase from the anaerobic chytrid Neocallimastix sp. L2. Gene. 2002;284:103\u201312.","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2170_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.09.032","volume":"185","author":"K Reinmann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Reinmann K, M\u00fcller N, Kuhnert P, Campero CM, Leitsch D, Hess M, et al. Tritrichomonas foetus isolates from cats and cattle show minor genetic differences in unrelated loci ITS-2 and EF-1\u03b1. Vet Parasitol. 2012;185:138\u201344.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"}],"container-title":["Parasites & Vectors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-017-2170-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]],"date-time":"2019-09-24T20:28:59Z","timestamp":1569356939000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13071-017-2170-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-017-2170-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-3305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-3305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]]},"article-number":"242"}}