{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T22:50:11Z","timestamp":1783551011012,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/F016492\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/F016492\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2360-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]],"date-time":"2017-09-15T08:30:00Z","timestamp":1505464200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["How often do mosquitoes bite humans in southern England? A standardised summer trial at four sites reveals spatial, temporal and site-related variation in biting rates"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Victor A.","family":"Brugman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion E.","family":"England","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Stoner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Tugwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara E.","family":"Harrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony J.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolyon M.","family":"Medlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James G.","family":"Logan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony R.","family":"Fooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter P.C.","family":"Mertens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2360_CR1","volume-title":"Mosquito ecology: field sampling methods","author":"JB Silver","year":"2007","unstructured":"Silver JB. Mosquito ecology: field sampling methods. 3rd ed. Netherlands: Springer; 2007.","edition":"3"},{"key":"2360_CR2","unstructured":"Malcolm CA. Public health issues posed by mosquitoes. An Independent Report. 2009;"},{"key":"2360_CR3","first-page":"15","volume":"30","author":"JM Medlock","year":"2012","unstructured":"Medlock JM, Hansford KM, Anderson M, Mayho R, Snow KR. Mosquito nuisance and control in the UK - a questionnaire-based survey of local authorities. Eur Mosq Bull. 2012;30:15\u201329.","journal-title":"Eur Mosq Bull"},{"key":"2360_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1948-7134.2013.12008.x","volume":"38","author":"JM Medlock","year":"2013","unstructured":"Medlock JM, Vaux AGC. Colonization of UK coastal realignment sites by mosquitoes: implications for design, management, and public health. J Vector Ecol. 2013;38:53\u201362.","journal-title":"J Vector Ecol"},{"key":"2360_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806007047","volume":"135","author":"JM Medlock","year":"2007","unstructured":"Medlock JM, Snow KR, Leach SA. Possible ecology and epidemiology of medically important mosquito-borne arboviruses in great Britain. Epidemiol Infect. 2007;135:466\u201382.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"2360_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1204.051010","volume":"12","author":"EA Gould","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gould EA, Higgs S, Buckley A, Gritsun TS. Potential arbovirus emergence and implications for the United Kingdom. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:549\u201355.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2360_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12083","volume":"29","author":"L Mackenzie-Impoinvil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mackenzie-Impoinvil L, Impoinvil DE, Galbraith SE, Dillon RJ, Ranson H, Johnson N, et al. Evaluation of a temperate climate mosquito, Ochlerotatus detritus (Aedes detritus), as a potential vector of Japanese encephalitis virus. Med Vet Entomol. 2015;29:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"2360_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1739-3","volume":"9","author":"MSC Blagrove","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blagrove MSC, Sherlock K, Chapman GE, Impoinvil DE, McCall PJ, Medlock JM, et al. Evaluation of the vector competence of a native UK mosquito Ochlerotatus detritus (Aedes detritus) for dengue, chikungunya and West Nile viruses. Parasit Vectors. 2016;9:452.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"2360_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-393","volume":"11","author":"F Schaffner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schaffner F, Thi\u00e9ry I, Kaufmann C, Zettor A, Lengeler C, Mathis A, Bourgouin C. Anopheles plumbeus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe: a mere nuisance mosquito or potential malaria vector? Malar J. 2012;11:393.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2360_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-70","volume":"9","author":"SW Lindsay","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lindsay SW, Hole DG, Hutchinson RA, Richards SA, Willis SG. Assessing the future threat from vivax malaria in the United Kingdom using two markedly different modelling approaches. Malar J. 2010;9:70.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2360_CR11","first-page":"15","volume":"20","author":"CD Ramsdale","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramsdale CD, Gunn N. History of and prospects for mosquito-borne disease in Britain. J Eur Mosq Control Assoc. 2005;20:15\u201331.","journal-title":"J Eur Mosq Control Assoc"},{"key":"2360_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)70091-5","volume":"15","author":"JM Medlock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Medlock JM, Leach SA. Effect of climate change on vector-borne disease risk in the UK. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015;15:721\u201330.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2360_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-008-9299-0","volume":"70","author":"N Chitnis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chitnis N, Hyman JM, Cushing JM. Determining important parameters in the spread of malaria through the sensitivity analysis of a mathematical model. Bull Math Biol. 2008;70:1272\u201396.","journal-title":"Bull Math Biol"},{"key":"2360_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2608","volume":"271","author":"MJ Wonham","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wonham MJ, De-Camino-Beck T, Lewis MA. An epidemiological model for West Nile virus: invasion analysis and control applications. Proc Biol Sci. 2004;271:501\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"key":"2360_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0020368","volume":"2","author":"DL Smith","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith DL, Dushoff J, McKenzie FE. The risk of a mosquito-borne infection in a heterogeneous environment. PLoS Biol. 2004;2:e368.","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2360_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1513-1","volume":"15","author":"NJ Govella","year":"2016","unstructured":"Govella NJ, Maliti DF, Mlwale AT, Masallu JP, Mirzai N, Johnson PCD, et al. An improved mosquito electrocuting trap that safely reproduces epidemiologically relevant metrics of mosquito human-feeding behaviours as determined by human landing catch. Malar J. 2016;15:465.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2360_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.2987\/8756-971X(2006)22[229:NTFSOA]2.0.CO;2","volume":"22","author":"U Krockel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Krockel U, Rose A, Eiras \u00c1E, Geier M. New tools for surveillance of adult yellow fever mosquitoes: comparison of trap catches with human landing rates in an urban environment. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2006;22:229\u201338.","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc"},{"key":"2360_CR18","volume":"10","author":"JAA Tangena","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tangena JAA, Thammavong P, Hiscox A, Lindsay SW, Brey PT. The human-baited double net trap: an alternative to human landing catches for collecting outdoor biting mosquitoes in Lao PDR. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0138735.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2360_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1017\/S000748530000314X","volume":"59","author":"Service MW","year":"1969","unstructured":"Service MW. Observations on the ecology of some British mosquitoes. Bull Entomol Res. 1969;59:161\u201393.","journal-title":"Bull Entomol Res"},{"key":"2360_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300042401","volume":"60","author":"Service MW","year":"1971","unstructured":"Service MW. Feeding behaviour and host preferences of British mosquitoes. Bull Entomol Res. 1971;60:653\u201361.","journal-title":"Bull Entomol Res"},{"key":"2360_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(95)90406-9","volume":"89","author":"BG Knols","year":"1995","unstructured":"Knols BG, de Jong R, Takken W. Differential attractiveness of isolated humans to mosquitoes in Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1995;89:604\u20136.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2360_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-008-9436-0","volume":"34","author":"JG Logan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Logan JG, Birkett MA, Clark SJ, Powers S, Seal NJ, Wadhams LJ, et al. Identification of human-derived volatile chemicals that interfere with attraction of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. J Chem Ecol. 2008;34:308\u201322.","journal-title":"J Chem Ecol"},{"key":"2360_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harbach RE, Dallimore T, Briscoe AG, Culverwell CL, Vaux AGC, Medlock JM. Aedes nigrinus (Eckstein, 1918) (Diptera, Culicidae), a new country record for England, contrasted with Aedes sticticus (Meigen, 1838). ZooKeys. 2017;671:119\u201330.","DOI":"10.3897\/zookeys.671.12477"},{"key":"2360_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-93","volume":"6","author":"B Gomes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gomes B, Sousa CA, Vicente JL, Pinho L, Calder\u00f3n I, Arez E, et al. Feeding patterns of molestus and pipiens forms of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) in a region of high hybridization. Parasit Vectors. 2013;6:93.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"2360_CR25","unstructured":"Harbach RE, Dahl C, White GB. Culex (Culex) pipiens Linnacus (Diptera: Culicidae): concepts, type designations, and description. Proc Entomol Soc Washingt. 1985;87:1\u201324."},{"key":"2360_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1948-7134.2010.00080.x","volume":"35","author":"CBEM Reusken","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reusken CBEM, De Vries A, Buijs J, Braks MAH, Den Hartog W, Scholte EJ. First evidence for presence of Culex pipiens biotype molestus in the Netherlands, and of hybrid biotype pipiens and molestus in northern Europe. J Vector Ecol. 2010;35:210\u20132.","journal-title":"J Vector Ecol."},{"key":"2360_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-9-262","volume":"9","author":"B Gomes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gomes B, Sousa CA, Novo MT, Freitas FB, Alves R, C\u00f4rte-Real AR, et al. Asymmetric introgression between sympatric molestus and pipiens forms of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Comporta region. Portugal BMC Evol Biol. 2009;9:262.","journal-title":"Portugal BMC Evol Biol"},{"key":"2360_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071832","volume":"8","author":"M Rudolf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rudolf M, Czajka C, B\u00f6rstler J, Melaun C, J\u00f6st H, von Thien H, et al. First nationwide surveillance of Culex pipiens Complex and Culex torrentium mosquitoes demonstrated the presence of Culex pipiens biotype pipiens\/molestus hybrids in Germany. PLoS One. 2013;8:e71832.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2360_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1094247","volume":"303","author":"DM Fonseca","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fonseca DM, Keyghobadi N, Malcolm CA, Mehmet C, Schaffner F, Mogi M, et al. Emerging vectors in the Culex pipiens Complex. Science. 2004;303:1535\u20138.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2360_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vaux AGC, Gibson G, Hern\u00e1ndez-Triana LM, Cheke RA, McCracken F, Jeffries CL, et al. Enhanced West Nile virus surveillance in the North Kent marshes, UK. Parasit Vectors. 2015;8:91.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0705-9"},{"key":"2360_CR31","first-page":"133","volume":"29","author":"AGC Vaux","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vaux AGC, Murphy G, Baskerville M, Burden N, Convery N, Crossley L, et al. Monitoring for invasive and endemic mosquitoes at UK ports. Eur Mosq Bull. 2011;29:133\u201340.","journal-title":"Eur Mosq Bull."},{"key":"2360_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095325","volume":"9","author":"S Townroe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Townroe S, Callaghan A. British container breeding mosquitoes: the impact of urbanisation and climate change on community composition and phenology. PLoS One. 2014;9:e95325.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2360_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30024-5","volume":"17","author":"JM Medlock","year":"2017","unstructured":"Medlock JM, Vaux AGC, Cull B, Schaffner F, Gillingham E, Pfluger V, Leach S. Detection of the invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus in southern England. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17:140.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2360_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/jvec.12137","volume":"40","author":"JM Medlock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Medlock JM, Vaux AGC. Seasonal dynamics and habitat specificity of mosquitoes in an English wetland: implications for UK wetland management and restoration. J Vector Ecol. 2015;40:90\u2013106.","journal-title":"J Vector Ecol."},{"key":"2360_CR35","unstructured":"R Core Team: R. A language and environment for statistical computing; 2015."},{"key":"2360_CR36","volume-title":"Mosquitoes. Naturalists\u2019 handbook 14","author":"KR Snow","year":"1990","unstructured":"Snow KR. Mosquitoes. Naturalists\u2019 handbook 14. Slough: Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd.; 1990."},{"key":"2360_CR37","unstructured":"Cranston PS, Ramsdale CD, Snow KR, White GB. Adults, larvae and pupae of British mosquitoes (Culicidae) - a key. Cumbria: Freshwater Biological Association; 1987."},{"key":"2360_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133602","volume":"10","author":"RC Wilkerson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wilkerson RC, Linton YM, Fonseca DM, Schultz TR, Price DC, Strickman DA. Making mosquito taxonomy useful: a stable classification of tribe Aedini that balances utility with current knowledge of evolutionary relationships. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0133602.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2360_CR39","unstructured":"Medlock JM, Vaux AGC. Aedes (Aedes) geminus Peus (Diptera, Culicidae) - an addition to the British mosquito fauna. Dipterists Dig. 2009;16:147\u201350."},{"key":"2360_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brugman VA, Hern\u00e1ndez-Triana LM, Prosser SWJ, Weland C, Westcott DG, Fooks AR, Johnson N. Molecular species identification, host preference and detection of myxoma virus in the Anopheles maculipennis Complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern England, UK. Parasit Vectors. 2015;8:421.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1034-8"},{"key":"2360_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2098-4","volume":"10","author":"VA Brugman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brugman VA, Hern\u00e1ndez-Triana LM, England ME, Medlock JM, Mertens PPC, Logan JG, et al. Blood-feeding patterns of native mosquitoes and insights into their potential role as pathogen vectors in the Thames estuary region of the United Kingdom. Parasit Vectors. 2017;10:163.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"2360_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collins FH, Paskewitz SM. A review of the use of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) to differentiate among cryptic Anopheles species. Insect Mol Biol. 1996;5:1\u20139.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00034.x"},{"key":"2360_CR43","volume-title":"The BLAST sequence analysis tool","author":"T Madden","year":"2002","unstructured":"Madden T. The BLAST sequence analysis tool. National Center for Biotechnology Information: Bethesda; 2002."},{"key":"2360_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manley R, Harrup LE, Veronesi E, Stubbins F, Stoner J, Gubbins S, et al. Testing of UK populations of Culex pipiens L. for Schmallenberg virus vector competence and their colonization. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0134453.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134453"},{"key":"2360_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.70.339","volume":"70","author":"JL Smith","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith JL, Fonseca DM. Rapid assays for identification of members of the Culex (Culex) pipiens complex, their hybrids, and other sibling species (Diptera: Culicidae). Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;70:339\u201345.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg."},{"key":"2360_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.251","volume":"75","author":"CM Bahnck","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bahnck CM, Fonseca DM. Rapid assay to identify the two genetic forms of Culex (Culex) pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) and hybrid populations. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006;75:251\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg."},{"key":"2360_CR47","first-page":"1617","volume":"7","author":"DM Fonseca","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fonseca DM, Atkinson CT, Fleischer RC. Microsatellite primers for Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, the vector of avian malaria in Hawaii. Mol Ecol. 1998;7:1617\u20139.","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"2360_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2007.01748.x","volume":"7","author":"NV Ivanova","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ivanova NV, Zemlak TS, Hanner RH, Hebert PDN. Universal primer cocktails for fish DNA barcoding. Mol Ecol Notes. 2007;7:544\u20138.","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Notes"},{"key":"2360_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1080\/10556788.2011.597854","volume":"27","author":"DA Fournier","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fournier DA, Skaug HJ, Ancheta J, Ianelli J, Magnusson A, Maunder MN, et al. AD model builder: using automatic differentiation for statistical inference of highly parameterized complex nonlinear models. Optim Methods Softw. 2012;27:233\u20139.","journal-title":"Optim Methods Softw"},{"key":"2360_CR50","unstructured":"Skaug H, Fournier D, Bolker B, Magnusson A. Generalized linear mixed models using AD Model Builder. R package 0.8. 3.2; 2015."},{"key":"2360_CR51","unstructured":"Akaike H. Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. In: International Symposium on Information Theory. New York: Springer; 1973. p. 267\u201381."},{"key":"2360_CR52","volume-title":"Mosquito control in Britain","author":"CD Ramsdale","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ramsdale CD, Snow KR. Mosquito control in Britain. Dagenham: University of East London; 1995."},{"key":"2360_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/43.5.936","volume":"43","author":"T Balenghien","year":"2006","unstructured":"Balenghien T, Fouque F, Sabatier P, Bicout DJ. Horse-, bird-, and human-seeking behavior and seasonal abundance of mosquitoes in a West Nile virus focus of southern France. J Med Entomol. 2006;43:936\u201346.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"2360_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2007.0266","volume":"8","author":"T Balenghien","year":"2008","unstructured":"Balenghien T, Vazeille M, Grandadam M, Schaffner F, Zeller H, Reiter P, et al. Vector competence of some French Culex and Aedes mosquitoes for West Nile virus. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2008;8:589\u201395.","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"2360_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.2987\/8756-971X(2007)23[233:EOLVCO]2.0.CO;2","volume":"23","author":"T Balenghien","year":"2007","unstructured":"Balenghien T, Vazeille M, Reiter P, Schaffner F, Zeller H, Bicout DJ. Evidence of laboratory vector competence of Culex modestus for West Nile virus. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2007;23:233\u20136.","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc"},{"key":"2360_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3376\/1081-1710-33.2.269","volume":"33","author":"J Vot\u00fdpka","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vot\u00fdpka J, Seblov\u00e1 V, R\u00e1drov\u00e1 J. Spread of the West Nile virus vector Culex modestus and the potential malaria vector Anopheles hyrcanus in central Europe. J Vector Ecol. 2008;33:269\u201377.","journal-title":"J Vector Ecol."},{"key":"2360_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0604","volume":"46","author":"JA Pradel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pradel JA, Martin T, Rey D, Foussadier R, Bicout DJ. Is Culex modestus (Diptera: Culicidae), vector of West Nile virus, spreading in the Dombes area, France? J Med Entomol. 2009;46:1269\u201381.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"2360_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-32","volume":"5","author":"N Golding","year":"2012","unstructured":"Golding N, Nunn MA, Medlock JM, Purse BV, Vaux AGC, Sch\u00e4fer SM. West Nile virus vector Culex modestus established in southern England. Parasit Vectors. 2012;5:32.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"2360_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.e6123","volume":"171","author":"JM Medlock","year":"2012","unstructured":"Medlock JM, Vaux AGC. Distribution of West Nile virus vector, Culex modestus, in England. Vet Rec. 2012;171:278.","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"2360_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1038\/156172a0","volume":"156","author":"JF Marshall","year":"1945","unstructured":"Marshall JF. Records of Culex (Barraudius) modestus Ficalbi (Diptera: Culicidae) obtained in the south of England. Nature. 1945;156:172\u20133.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2360_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Triana LM, Brugman VA, Prosser SWJ, Weland C, Nikolova N, Thorne L, et al. Molecular approaches for blood meal analysis and species identification of mosquitoes (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae) in rural locations in southern England, United Kingdom. Zootaxa. 2017;4250:67.","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.4250.1.5"},{"key":"2360_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005294","volume":"11","author":"M Wispelaere de","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Wispelaere M, Despr\u00e8s P, Choumet V. European Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens are competent vectors for Japanese encephalitis virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017;11:e0005294.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2360_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1677-0","volume":"9","author":"CBF Vogels","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vogels CBF, Fros JJ, G\u00f6ertz GP, Pijlman GP, Koenraadt CJM. Vector competence of northern European Culex pipiens biotypes and hybrids for West Nile virus is differentially affected by temperature. Parasit Vectors. 2016;9:393.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"2360_CR64","first-page":"328","volume":"1","author":"WL Bidlingmayer","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bidlingmayer WL. The measurement of adult mosquito population changes-some considerations. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1985;1:328\u201348.","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc"},{"key":"2360_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1980.11687334","volume":"74","author":"WF Snow","year":"1980","unstructured":"Snow WF. Field estimates of the flight speed of some west African mosquitoes. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1980;74:239\u201342.","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"2360_CR66","unstructured":"Diarrassouba S, Dossou-Yovo J. [Atypical activity rhythm in Aedes aegypti in a sub-sudanian savannah zone of C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire.] Bull la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Pathol Exot. 1997;90:361\u20133. (In French)."},{"key":"2360_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300011184","volume":"67","author":"Service MW","year":"1977","unstructured":"Service MW. A critical review of procedures from sampling populations of adult mosquitoes. Bull Entomol Res. 1977;67:343\u201382.","journal-title":"Bull Entomol Res"},{"key":"2360_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/8.3.271","volume":"8","author":"Service MW","year":"1971","unstructured":"Service MW. The daytime distribution of mosquitoes resting in vegetation. J Med Entomol. 1971;8:271\u20138.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"2360_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000481","volume":"3","author":"ST Stoddard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stoddard ST, Morrison AC, Vazquez-Prokopec GM, Soldan VP, Kochel TJ, Kitron U, et al. The role of human movement in the transmission of vector-borne pathogens. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3:e481.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2360_CR70","unstructured":"Renshaw M. Population dynamics and ecology of Aedes cantans (Diptera: Culicidae) in England. PhD thesis. Liverpool: University of Liverpool; 1991."},{"key":"2360_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/18.4.317","volume":"18","author":"SC Weaver","year":"1981","unstructured":"Weaver SC, Fashing NJ. Dispersal behavior and vector potential of Aedes cantator (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern Maryland. J Med Entomol. 1981;18:317\u201323.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"2360_CR72","first-page":"40","volume":"14","author":"PG Jupp","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jupp PG, Kemp A. Studies on an outbreak of Wesselsbron virus in the free State Province, South Africa. J Am Mosq Control Assoc Assoc. 1998;14:40\u20135.","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc Assoc"},{"key":"2360_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marques GRAM, De Castro Gomes A. Comportamento antropof\u00edlico de Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) na regi\u00e3o do Vale do Para\u00edba, Sudeste do Brasil. Rev Saude Publica. 1997;31:125\u201330.","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89101997000200004"},{"key":"2360_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1968.17.237","volume":"17","author":"THG Aitken","year":"1968","unstructured":"Aitken THG, Worth CB, Jonkers AH, Tikasingh ES, Downs WG. Arbovirus studies in bush bush forest, Trinidad, WI, September 1959-December 1964. II. Field program and techniques. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1968;17:237\u201352.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2360_CR75","volume-title":"The British mosquitoes","author":"JF Marshall","year":"1938","unstructured":"Marshall JF. The British mosquitoes. London: British Museum; 1938."},{"key":"2360_CR76","first-page":"25","volume":"1","author":"FW Edwards","year":"1932","unstructured":"Edwards FW. Anopheles algeriensis Theobald (Diptera: Culicidae) in Norfolk. J Entomol Soc South Engl. 1932;1:25\u20137.","journal-title":"J Entomol Soc South Engl"},{"key":"2360_CR77","first-page":"271","volume":"3","author":"KR Snow","year":"1987","unstructured":"Snow KR. Control of mosquito nuisance in Britain. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1987;3:271\u20135.","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc"},{"key":"2360_CR78","first-page":"294","volume":"104","author":"KR Snow","year":"1996","unstructured":"Snow KR. Mosquito nuisance and control in Britain: results of new research. Environ Health. 1996;104:294\u20137.","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"2360_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12023","volume":"28","author":"R Danabalan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Danabalan R, Monaghan MT, Ponsonby DJ, Linton Y-M. Occurrence and host preferences of Anopheles maculipennis group mosquitoes in England and Wales. Med Vet Entomol. 2014;28:169\u201378.","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"2360_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300032260","volume":"84","author":"Service MW","year":"1994","unstructured":"Service MW. The biology of Culiseta morsitans and Culiseta litorea (Diptera, Culicidae) in England. Bull Entomol Res. 1994;84:97\u2013103.","journal-title":"Bull Entomol Res"},{"key":"2360_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300020162","volume":"69","author":"MG Yates","year":"1979","unstructured":"Yates MG. The biology of the tree-hole breeding mosquito Aedes geniculatus (Olivier) (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern England. Bull Entomol Res. 1979;69:611\u201328.","journal-title":"Bull Entomol Res"},{"key":"2360_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1994.tb00162.x","volume":"8","author":"M Renshaw","year":"1994","unstructured":"Renshaw M, Service MW, Birley MH. Host finding, feeding patterns and evidence for a memorized home range of the mosquito Aedes cantans. Med Vet Entomol. 1994;8:187\u201393.","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"2360_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2401833","volume":"14","author":"Service MW","year":"1977","unstructured":"Service MW. Ecological and biological studies on Aedes cantans (Meig.) (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern England. J Appl Ecol. 1977;14:159\u201396.","journal-title":"J Appl Ecol"},{"key":"2360_CR84","first-page":"81","volume":"47","author":"CHH Harold","year":"1926","unstructured":"Harold CHH. Studies on mosquito bionomics. J R Army Med Corps. 1926;47:81\u201394.","journal-title":"J R Army Med Corps"}],"container-title":["Parasites &amp; Vectors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-017-2360-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,3]],"date-time":"2019-10-03T10:41:02Z","timestamp":1570099262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13071-017-2360-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2360"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-017-2360-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-3305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-3305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]]},"article-number":"420"}}