{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T16:25:14Z","timestamp":1784823914807,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]],"date-time":"2018-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-2763-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]],"date-time":"2018-03-13T10:46:49Z","timestamp":1520938009000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biomphalaria camerunensis as a viable alternative intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni in southern Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Alvine C.","family":"Kengne-Fokam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugues C.","family":"Nana-Djeunga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Bagayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flobert","family":"Njiokou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2763_CR1","unstructured":"Same Ekobo A. Faune malacologique du Cameroun (description, r\u00e9partition des mollusques dul\u00e7aquicoles et foyers de tr\u00e9matodoses humaines). Th\u00e8se de Doctorat d\u2019Etat, Universit\u00e9 de Rennes I, 1984."},{"key":"2763_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1990.42.561","volume":"42","author":"R Ratard","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ratard R, Kouemeni LE, Ekani Bessala MM, Ndamkou Ndamkou C, Greer G, et al. Human schistosomiasis in Cameroon. I. Distribution of schistosomiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1990;42:561\u201372.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2763_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001553","volume":"6","author":"LA Tchuem Tchuent\u00e9","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tchuem Tchuent\u00e9 LA, Kamwa Ngassam RI, Sumo L, Ngassam P, Dongmo NC, Luogbou Nzu DD, et al. Mapping of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the regions of Centre, East and West Cameroon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(3):e1553.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2763_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-602","volume":"13","author":"LA Tchuem Tchuent\u00e9","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tchuem Tchuent\u00e9 LA, Dongmo NC, Kamwa Ngassam RI, Kenfack CM, Feussom GN, Dankoni E, et al. Mapping of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the regions of Littoral, North-West, South and South-West Cameroon and recommendations for treatment. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:602.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"2763_CR5","first-page":"159","volume":"3","author":"L Nkengazong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nkengazong L, Njiokou F, Teukeng F, Enyong P, Wanji S. Reassessment of endemicity level of urinary schistosomiasis in the Kotto-Barrombi focus (South-West Cameroon) and impact of mass drug administration (MDA) on the parasitic indices. J Cell Anim Biol. 2009;3(9):159\u201364.","journal-title":"J Cell Anim Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2763_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0131-2013","volume":"46","author":"LF Sim\u00f5es","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sim\u00f5es LF, Camargo EAF, Bastos LD, Neves MF, De Carvalho JF, et al. Susceptibility of Argentinean Biomphalaria tenagophila and Biomphalaria straminea to infection by Schistosoma mansoni and the possibility of geographic expansion of mansoni schistosomiasis. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2013;46(5):611\u20136.","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"2763_CR7","first-page":"81\u201388","volume":"88","author":"WHO","year":"2013","unstructured":"WHO. Schistosomiasis: number of people treated in 2011. Weekly Epidemiol Rec. 2013;88:81\u201388.","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiol Rec"},{"issue":"5","key":"2763_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.2011.01218.x","volume":"65","author":"SJ Escobar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Escobar SJ, Auld JR, Correa AC, Alonso AC, Bony YK, Coutellec M-A, et al. Patterns of mating-system evolution in hermaphroditic animals: correlations among selfing rate, inbreeding depression, and the timing of reproduction. Evolution. 2011;65(5):1233\u201353.","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"2763_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1285-4","volume":"9","author":"AC Kengne-Fokam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kengne-Fokam AC, Nana-Djeunga HC, Djuikwo-Teukeng FF, Njiokou F. Analysis of mating system, fecundity, hatching and survival rates in two Schistosoma mansoni intermediate hosts (Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Biomphalaria camerunensis) in Cameroon. Parasit Vectors. 2016;9:10.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"4","key":"2763_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00006179","volume":"53","author":"F Frandsen","year":"1979","unstructured":"Frandsen F. Studies of the relationship between Schistosoma and their intermediate hosts. III. The genus Biomphalaria and Schistosoma mansoni from Egypt, Kenya, Sudan, Uganda, West Indies (St. Lucia) and Zaire (two different strains: Katanga and Kinshasa). J Helminthol. 1979;53(4):321\u201348.","journal-title":"J Helminthol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2763_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1990.42.573","volume":"42","author":"GJ Greer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Greer GJ, Mimpfoundi R, Malek AE, Joky A, Ngonseu E, Ratard RC. Human schistosomiasis in Cameroon. II. Distribution of the snail hosts. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1990;42(6):573\u201380.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2763_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/mollus\/56.3.373","volume":"56","author":"R Mimpfoundi","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mimpfoundi R, Greer GJ. Allozyme variation among populations of Biomphalaria camerunensis (Boettger, 1941) (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Cameroun. J Moll Stud. 1990;56:373\u201381.","journal-title":"J Moll Stud"},{"key":"2763_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1201\/9781482295184","volume-title":"Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance","author":"D Brown","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brown D. Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance. 2nd ed. London: Taylor and Francis Ltd; 1994. p. 608.","edition":"2"},{"issue":"3","key":"2763_CR14","first-page":"157","volume":"57","author":"J Colaert","year":"1977","unstructured":"Colaert J, Lokombe B, Fain A, Vandepitte J, Wery M. Pr\u00e9sence d'un petit foyer autochtone de bilharziose \u00e0 S. mansoni \u00e0 Kinshasa (R\u00e9publique du Za\u00efre). Ann Soc Belge. Med Trop. 1977;57(3):157\u201362.","journal-title":"Med Trop"},{"key":"2763_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781482295184","volume-title":"Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance","author":"D Brown","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brown D. Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance. 2nd ed. London: Taylor and Francis Ltd; 1994.","edition":"2"},{"key":"2763_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822004000400012","volume":"37","author":"THDA Vidigal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vidigal THDA, Magalh\u00e3es KG, Carvalho ODS. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the ITS2 region for differentiation of Brazilian Biomphalaria intermediate hosts of the Schistosoma mansoni. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2004;37:351\u20133.","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"issue":"1","key":"2763_CR17","first-page":"43","volume":"97","author":"F Njiokou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Njiokou F, Teukeng F, Bilong Bilong CF, Njin\u00e9 T, Ekobo SA. \u00c9tude exp\u00e9rimentale de la compatibilit\u00e9 entre Schistosoma haematobium et deux esp\u00e8ces de bulins au Cameroun. Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2004;97(1):43\u20136.","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"2763_CR18","first-page":"73","volume-title":"Helminth control in school-age children: a guide for managers of control programmes","author":"A Montr\u00e9sor","year":"2002","unstructured":"Montr\u00e9sor A, Crompton DWT, Gyorkos TW, Savioli L. Helminth control in school-age children: a guide for managers of control programmes. 1st ed. Geneva: WHO; 2002. p. 73.","edition":"1"},{"key":"2763_CR19","unstructured":"Lowry R. VassarStats: Website for Statistical Computation. 1998. http:\/\/vassarstats.net\/ . Accessed 25 May 2017."},{"key":"2763_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000049696","volume":"70","author":"CS Richards","year":"1975","unstructured":"Richards CS. Genetic factors in susceptibility of Biomphalaria glabrata for different strains of Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology. 1975;70:231\u201341.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2763_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.2307\/3282295","volume":"3","author":"CS Richards","year":"1987","unstructured":"Richards CS, Shade PC. The genetic variation of compatibility in Biomphalaria glabrata and Schistosoma mansoni. J Parasitol. 1987;3(6):1146\u201351.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2763_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2011.09.002","volume":"37","author":"G Mitta","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mitta G, Adema CM, Gourbal B, Loker ES, Theron A. Compatibility polymorphism in snail\/schistosome interactions: from field to theory to molecular mechanisms. Dev Comp Immunol. 2012;37(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"2763_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1086\/343875","volume":"160","author":"N Charbonnel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Charbonnel N, Quesnoit M, Razatavonjizay R, Bremond P, Jarne P. A spatial and temporal approach to microevolutionary forces affecting population biology in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria pfeifferi. Am Nat. 2002;160:741\u201355.","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"issue":"8","key":"2763_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2017.04.009","volume":"33","author":"J Kincaid-Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kincaid-Smith J, Rey O, Toulza E, Berry A, Boissier J. Emerging schistosomiasis in Europe: a need to quantify the risk. Trends Parasitol. 2017;33(8):600\u20139.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"2763_CR25","first-page":"493","volume":"25","author":"CS Richards","year":"1984","unstructured":"Richards CS. Influence of snail age on genetic variation in susceptibility of Biomphalaria glabrata for infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Malacologia. 1984;25:493\u2013503.","journal-title":"Malacologia"},{"issue":"6","key":"2763_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0099573","volume":"9","author":"DP Marques","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marques DP, Rosa FM, Maciel E, Negr\u00e3o-Corr\u00eaa D, Teles HM, et al. Reduced susceptibility of a Biomphalaria tenagophila population to Schistosoma mansoni after introducing the resistant Taim\/RS strain of Biomphalaria tenagophila into Herivelton Martins Stream. PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99573.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"2763_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822005000500004","volume":"38","author":"NRB Zuim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zuim NRB, Zanotti-Magalh\u00e3es EM, Magalh\u00e3es LA, Linhares AX. Genetic selection of Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria tenagophila seeking the alteration of the susceptibility and resistance to Schistosoma mansoni. Rev Soc Brasil Med Trop. 2005;38(5):387\u201390.","journal-title":"Rev Soc Brasil Med Trop"},{"key":"2763_CR28","unstructured":"Knight M, Elhelu O, Smith M, Haugen B, Miller A, Raghavan N, et al. Susceptibility of snails to infection with schistosomes is influenced by temperature and expression of heat shock proteins. Epidemiology (Sunnyvale). 2015;5(2):189."},{"key":"2763_CR29","unstructured":"Kamwa Ngassam RI. Epid\u00e9miologie de la schistosomiase et des g\u00e9ohelminthiases au Cameroun: cartographie et \u00e9tude de la dynamique de la transmission dans diverses r\u00e9gions, Th\u00e8se de Doctorat\/PhD. Yaound\u00e9: Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I; 2012."},{"key":"2763_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2012.141474","volume":"20","author":"D Calavas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Calavas D, Martin PM. Schistosomiasis in cattle in Corsica, France. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20:2163\u20134.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2763_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2009.140928","volume":"20","author":"A Berry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Berry A, Mone H, Iriart X, Mouahid G, Aboo O, et al. Schistosomiasis haematobium, Corsica, France. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20:1595\u20137.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2763_CR32","first-page":"419","volume":"56","author":"T Bennike","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bennike T, Frandsen F, Mandahl-Barth G. La bilharziose \u00e0 Kinshasa. Donn\u00e9es actuelles et danger pour l\u2019avenir. Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1976;56:419\u201337.","journal-title":"Ann Soc Belg Med Trop"},{"key":"2763_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099006708","volume":"121","author":"VR Southgate","year":"2000","unstructured":"Southgate VR, Tchuem Tchuent\u00e9 LA, Th\u00e9ron A, Jourdane J, Moncrieff CB, et al. Compatibility of Schistosoma mansoni Cameroon and Biomphalaria pfeifferi Senegal. Parasitology. 2000;121:501\u20135.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2763_CR34","unstructured":"Mintsa Nguema R. Interactions h\u00f4te-parasite dans le mod\u00e8le Biomphalaria pfeifferi\/Schistosoma mansoni du Dhofar (Oman): g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des populations de l\u2019h\u00f4te, traits d\u2019histoire de vie et cons\u00e9quences sur la transmission du parasite. Th\u00e8se de Doctorat d\u2019Etat, Universit\u00e9 de Perpignan; Universit\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 de Libreville Gabon; 2010."},{"key":"2763_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099004345","volume":"118","author":"LA Tchuem Tchuent\u00e9","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tchuem Tchuent\u00e9 LA, Southgate VR, Th\u00e9ron A, Jourdane J, Ly A, Gryseels B. Compatibility of Schistosoma mansoni and Biomphalaria pfeifferi in northern Senegal. Parasitology. 1999;118:595\u2013603.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2763_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4314\/wsa.v30i1.5023","volume":"30","author":"KN De Kock","year":"2004","unstructured":"De Kock KN, Wolmarans CT, Bornman M. Distribution and habitats of Biomphalaria pfeifferi, snail intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, in South Africa. Water SA. 2004;30:29\u201336.","journal-title":"Water SA"}],"container-title":["Parasites &amp; Vectors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2763-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2763-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2763-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T06:55:56Z","timestamp":1603954556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2763-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2763"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2763-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-3305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-3305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 November 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 March 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study has been approved by the Cameroon National Ethics Committee for Research in Human Health (CNERSH) and an ethical clearance was issued (N\u00b02016\/02\/716\/CE\/CNERSH\/SP). The objectives and the schedule of the study have been explained to potential participants and only volunteers or their parents (in case of minors) who agreed to participate in this study by signing the informed consent form were enrolled. Participants found infected withS. mansonireceived a curative dose of praziquantel.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"181"}}