{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T11:42:38Z","timestamp":1793619758666,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FN 32-57098.99, 3200B0-100657, 320000-113936 and 310030-127064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FN 32-57098.99, 3200B0-100657, 320000-113936 and 310030-127064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002329","name":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Gesundheit","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["National Reference Center: 2009\/10 (Projekt (911) 316, and 2011\/13 (11.006911\/304.0001-707)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["National Reference Center: 2009\/10 (Projekt (911) 316, and 2011\/13 (11.006911\/304.0001-707)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-2876-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T08:33:06Z","timestamp":1525768386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Influence of climatic factors on Ixodes ricinus nymph abundance and phenology over a long-term monthly observation in Switzerland (2000\u20132014)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4341-6404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga\u00ebl","family":"Hauser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Rais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Mor\u00e1n Cadenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Gonseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Bouzelboudjen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Gern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2876_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4606","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.07961-11","volume":"78","author":"E Lommano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lommano E, Bertaiola L, Dupasquier C, Gern L. Infections and coinfections of questing Ixodes ricinus ticks by emerging zoonotic pathogens in western Switzerland. Appl Env Microbiol. 2012;78:4606\u201312.","journal-title":"Appl Env Microbiol."},{"key":"2876_CR2","unstructured":"CDC. Lyme disease. 2016. \n                    http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/lyme\/index.html\n                    \n                  . Accessed 1 May 2018."},{"key":"2876_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0893","volume":"356","author":"SE Randolph","year":"2001","unstructured":"Randolph SE. The shifting landscape of tick-borne zoonoses: tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme borreliosis in Europe. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2001;356:1045\u201356.","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci."},{"key":"2876_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851996325.0149","volume-title":"Lyme Borreliosis: biology, epidemiology and control","author":"L Gern","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gern L, Humair PF. Ecology of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Europe. In: Gray J, Kahl O, Lane RS, Stanek G, editors. Lyme Borreliosis: biology, epidemiology and control. Wallinford: CAB International; 2002. p. 149\u201374."},{"key":"2876_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003004694","volume":"129","author":"J Piesman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Piesman J, Gern L. Lyme borreliosis in Europe and North America. Parasitology. 2004;129:191\u2013220.","journal-title":"Parasitology."},{"key":"2876_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0526-2","volume":"8","author":"C Herrmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Herrmann C, Gern L. Search for blood or water is influenced by Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes ricinus. Parasit Vectors. 2015;8:6.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"2876_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-024937-7.50007-X","volume-title":"Physiology of ticks","author":"W Kn\u00fclle","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kn\u00fclle W, Rudolph D. Humidity relationships and water balance of ticks. In: Obenchain FD, Galun R, editors. Physiology of ticks. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1982. p. 43\u201370."},{"key":"2876_CR8","volume-title":"Biology of ticks","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sonenshine DE, Roe RM, editors. Biology of ticks. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2014.","edition":"2"},{"key":"2876_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000015006","volume":"27","author":"J MacLeod","year":"1935","unstructured":"MacLeod J. Ixodes ricinus in relation to its physical environment. II. The factors governing survival and activity. Parasitology. 1935;27:123\u201344.","journal-title":"Parasitology."},{"key":"2876_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000013093","volume":"37","author":"AD Lees","year":"1946","unstructured":"Lees AD. The water balance in Ixodes ricinus L. and certain other species of ticks. Parasitology. 1946;37:1\u201320.","journal-title":"Parasitology."},{"key":"2876_CR11","first-page":"32140","volume":"29","author":"A Aeschlimann","year":"1972","unstructured":"Aeschlimann A. Ixodes ricinus, Linn\u00e9, 1758 (Ixodoidae, Ixodidae). Essai pr\u00e9liminaire de synth\u00e8se sur la biologie de cette esp\u00e8ce en Suisse. Acta Trop. 1972;29:32140.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"2876_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000084031","volume":"41","author":"AD Lees","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lees AD, Milne A. The seasonal and diurnal activities of individual sheep ticks (Ixodes ricinus L.). Parasitology. 1951;41:189\u2013208.","journal-title":"Parasitology."},{"key":"2876_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/36.6.741","volume":"36","author":"SE Randolph","year":"1999","unstructured":"Randolph SE, Storey K. Impact of microclimate on immature tick-rodent interactions (Acari: Ixodidae): implications for parasite transmission. J Med Entomol. 1999;36:741\u20138.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol."},{"key":"2876_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.00345","volume":"206","author":"JL Perret","year":"2003","unstructured":"Perret JL, Guerin PM, Diehl PA, Vlimant M, Gern L. Darkness induces mobility, and saturation deficit limits questing duration, in the tick Ixodes ricinus. J Exp Biol. 2003;206:1809\u201315.","journal-title":"J Exp Biol."},{"key":"2876_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-41.3.361","volume":"41","author":"JL Perret","year":"2004","unstructured":"Perret JL, Rais O, Gern L. Influence of climate on the proportion of Ixodes ricinus nymphs and adults questing in a tick population. J Med Entomol. 2004;41:361\u20135.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol."},{"key":"2876_CR16","unstructured":"Perret JL. Computer-assisted laboratory observations and field studies of the host-finding behaviour of the tick Ixodes ricinus (Acarina: Ixodidae): ecological implications of climate and light. Ph.D. dissertation, Universit\u00e9 de Neuch\u00e2tel, Neuch\u00e2tel, Switzerland. 2003."},{"key":"2876_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360000209","volume":"86","author":"JL Perret","year":"2000","unstructured":"Perret JL, Guigoz E, Rais O, Gern L. Influence of saturation deficit and temperature on Ixodes ricinus tick questing activity in a Lyme borreliosis-endemic area (Switzerland). Parasitol Res. 2000;86:554\u20137.","journal-title":"Parasitol Res."},{"key":"2876_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0269-283X.2004.00523.x","volume":"18","author":"A Estrada-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2004","unstructured":"Estrada-Pe\u00f1a A, Martinez JM, Sanchez Acedo C, Quilez J, Del Cacho E. Phenology of the tick, Ixodes ricinus, in its southern distribution range (central Spain). Med Vet Entomol. 2004;18:387\u201397.","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol."},{"key":"2876_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2006.0569","volume":"7","author":"C Burri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burri C, Mor\u00e1n Cadenas F, Douet V, Moret J, Gern L. Ixodes ricinus density and infection prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato along a north-facing altitudinal gradient in the Rh\u00f4ne Valley (Switzerland). Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2007;7:50\u20138.","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"2876_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/44.4.683","volume":"44","author":"F Mor\u00e1n Cadenas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mor\u00e1n Cadenas F, Rais O, Jouda F, Douet V, Humair PF, Moret J, Gern L. Phenology of Ixodes ricinus and infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato along a North- and South-facing altitudinal gradient on Chaumont Mountain. Switzerland. J Med Entomol. 2007;44:683\u201393.","journal-title":"Switzerland. J Med Entomol."},{"key":"2876_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1603\/ME10111","volume":"47","author":"C Herrmann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Herrmann C, Gern L. Survival of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) under challenging conditions of temperature and humidity is influenced by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection. J Med Entomol. 2010;47:1196\u2013204.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"2876_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108119","volume":"108","author":"E Lindgren","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lindgren E, T\u00e4lleklint L, Polfeldt T. Impact of climatic change on the northern latitude limit and population density of the disease-transmitting European tick Ixodes ricinus. Environ Health Perspect. 2000;108:119\u201323.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect."},{"key":"2876_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593232","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/593232","volume":"2009","author":"JS Gray","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gray JS, Dautel H, Estrada-Pe\u00f1a A, Kahl O, Lindgren E. Effects of climate change on ticks and tick-borne diseases in Europe. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2009;2009:593232.","journal-title":"Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis."},{"key":"2876_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1948-7134.2014.12080.x","volume":"39","author":"D Kiewra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kiewra D, Kryza M, Szymanowski M. Influence of selected meteorological variables on the questing activity of Ixodes ricinus ticks in Lower Silesia. SW Poland. J Vector Ecol. 2014;39:138\u201345.","journal-title":"SW Poland. J Vector Ecol."},{"key":"2876_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-017-1362-9","volume":"61","author":"K Vollack","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vollack K, Sodoudi S, N\u00e9vir P, M\u00fcller K, Richter D. Influence of meteorological parameters during the preceding fall and winter on the questing activity of nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks. Int J Biometeorol. 2017;61:1787\u201395.","journal-title":"Int J Biometeorol."},{"key":"2876_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.07.022","volume":"183","author":"V Tagliapietra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tagliapietra V, Ros\u00e0 R, Arnoldi D, Cagnacci F, Capelli G, Montarsi F, et al. Saturation deficit and deer density affect questing activity and local abundance of Ixodes ricinus (Acari, Ixodidae) in Italy. Vet Parasitol. 2011;183:114\u201324.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol."},{"key":"2876_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20160117","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0117","volume":"372","author":"AM Kilpatrick","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kilpatrick AM, Dobson ADM, Levi T, Salkeld DJ, Swei A, Ginsberg HS, et al. Lyme disease ecology in a changing world: consensus, uncertainty and critical gaps for improving control. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci. 2017;372:20160117.","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"key":"2876_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1603\/0046-225X-32.5.1010","volume":"32","author":"RJ Eisen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eisen RJ, Eisen L, Castro MB, Lane RS. Environmentally related variability in risk of exposure to Lyme disease spirochetes in northern California: effect of climatic conditions and habitat type. Environ Entomol. 2003;32:1010\u20138.","journal-title":"Environ Entomol."},{"key":"2876_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77318-6","volume-title":"Applied econometrics with R","author":"C Kleiber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kleiber C, Zeileis A. Applied econometrics with R. New York: Springer; 2008. Available from: \n                    https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=AER\n                    \n                  . Accessed 1 May 2018."},{"key":"2876_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gardner W, Mulvey EP, Shaw EC. Regression analyses of counts and rates: Poisson, overdispersed Poisson, and negative binomial models. Psychol Bull. 1995;118:392\u2013404.","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.118.3.392"},{"key":"2876_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-179","volume":"7","author":"L Qviller","year":"2014","unstructured":"Qviller L, Gr\u00f8va L, Viljugrein H, Klingen I, Mysterud A. Temporal pattern of questing tick Ixodes ricinus density at differing elevations in the coastal region of western Norway. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:179.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"2876_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1017\/S0370164600014346","volume":"55","author":"AC Aitken IV","year":"1936","unstructured":"Aitken AC IV. On least squares and linear combination of observations. Proc R Soc Edinburgh. 1936;55:42\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Edinburgh."},{"key":"2876_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-45972-1","volume-title":"Analysing ecological data","author":"AF Zuur","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zuur AF, Ieno EN, Smith GM. Analysing ecological data. New York: Springer; 2007."},{"key":"2876_CR34","volume-title":"R: A Language and environment for statistical computing. R foundation for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2016","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and environment for statistical computing. R foundation for statistical computing. 2016. \n                    https:\/\/www.R-project.org\n                    \n                  . Accessed 1 May 2018."},{"key":"2876_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-181","volume":"7","author":"KA Berger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Berger KA, Ginsberg HS, Dugas KD, Hamel LH, Mather TN. Adverse moisture events predict seasonal abundance of Lyme disease vector ticks (Ixodes scapularis). Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:181.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"2876_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1894-6","volume":"9","author":"JC Burtis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Burtis JC, Sullivan P, Levi T, Oggenfuss K, Fahey TJ, Ostfeld RS. The impact of temperature and precipitation on blacklegged tick activity and Lyme disease incidence in endemic and emerging regions. Parasit Vectors. 2016;9:606.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"2876_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e55365","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055365","volume":"8","author":"R Lauterbach","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lauterbach R, Wells K, O\u2019Hara RB, Kalko EKV, Renner SC. Variable strength of forest stand attributes and weather conditions on the questing activity of Ixodes ricinus ticks over years in managed forests. PLoS One. 2013;8:e55365.","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"2876_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1875-9","volume":"9","author":"C Millins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Millins C, Gilbert L, Johnson P, James M, Kilbride E, Birtles R, Biek R. Heterogeneity in the abundance and distribution of Ixodes ricinus and Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) in Scotland: implications for risk prediction. Parasit Vectors. 2016;9:595.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"2876_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2013.00029","volume":"3","author":"A Estrada-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2013","unstructured":"Estrada-Pe\u00f1a A, Gray JS, Kahl O, Lane RS, Nijhof AM. Research on the ecology of ticks and tick-borne pathogens - methodological principles and caveats. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2013;3:29.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"2876_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.01.006","volume":"6","author":"LE Hayes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hayes LE, Scott JA, Stafford KC. Influences of weather on Ixodes scapularis nymphal densities at long-term study sites in Connecticut. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2015;6:258\u201366.","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"2876_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300026092","volume":"88","author":"RP Van Es","year":"1998","unstructured":"Van Es RP, Hillerton JE, Gettinby G. Lipid consumption in Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae): temperature and potential longevity. Bull Entomol Res. 1998;88:567\u201373.","journal-title":"Bull Entomol Res."},{"key":"2876_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(02)00030-9","volume":"32","author":"SE Randolph","year":"2002","unstructured":"Randolph SE, Green RM, Hoodless AN, Peacey MF. An empirical quantitative framework for the seasonal population dynamics of the tick Ixodes ricinus. Int J Parasitol. 2002;32:979\u201389.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol."},{"key":"2876_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.12.010","volume":"43","author":"C Herrmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herrmann C, Voordouw MJ, Gern L. Ixodes ricinus ticks infected with the causative agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, have higher energy reserves. International J Parasitol. 2013;43:477\u201383.","journal-title":"International J Parasitol."},{"key":"2876_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1603\/ME10180","volume":"48","author":"C Burri","year":"2011","unstructured":"Burri C, Bastic V, Maeder G, Patalas E, Gern L. Microclimate and the zoonotic cycle of tick-borne encephalitis virus in Switzerland. J Med Entomol. 2011;48:615\u201327.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol."},{"key":"2876_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2013.05.002","volume":"4","author":"C Herrmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herrmann C, Gern L. Survival of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs under cold conditions is negatively influenced by frequent temperature variations. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2013;4:445\u201351.","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."}],"container-title":["Parasites & Vectors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2876-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2876-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2876-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T19:47:21Z","timestamp":1557258441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2876-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2876"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-018-2876-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-3305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-3305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 March 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"289"}}