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Disease severity depends on the type of\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      species infection. Generally,\n                      <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic>\n                      are considered as the causative agents of bovine babesiosis; in addition,\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia ovata<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>B. major<\/jats:italic>\n                      are a group of benign bovine piroplasms. Therefore, species identification is important for diagnosis, epidemiological investigations and follow-up management.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Real-time PCR combined with high resolution melting (RT-PCR-HRM) analysis was used to detect and discriminate four\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      species infective to cattle, including\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>B. major<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>B. ovata<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The melting profiles and melting temperatures (Tm) of the amplicon targeting\n                      <jats:italic>18S<\/jats:italic>\n                      rRNA revealed differences that can discriminate the four\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. Sensitivity and specificity of the analytical method were evaluated using 50 blood samples collected from experimentally infected cattle and 240 blood samples from areas where bovine babesiosis is an issue.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      RT-PCR-HRM analysis allowed to detect and discriminate four\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (\n                      <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>B. major<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>B. ovata<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), which were responsible for bovine babesiosis in China. The protocol was validated with DNA samples from experimentally infected cattle and field infection in cattle.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our results indicate that RT-PCR-HRM is a fast and robust tool for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of four\n                      <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      species that are responsible for bovine babesiosis in China. This approach is applicable for both field and experimental samples, thus it could be useful in epidemiological investigations and diagnoses of bovine babesiosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3781-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T05:03:34Z","timestamp":1573016614000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["High resolution melting analysis of the 18S rRNA gene for the rapid diagnosis of bovine babesiosis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jinming","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aihong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shangdi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shandian","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youquan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junlong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanying","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guiquan","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"3781_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.1988.tb04141.x","volume":"35","author":"ND Levine","year":"1988","unstructured":"Levine ND. 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