{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T03:03:22Z","timestamp":1773716602800,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587340800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001872","name":"Centre for Industrial Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IDI-2016414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDI-2016414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001872","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> roundworms are the parasitic nematodes responsible for causing human and porcine ascariasis. Whereas <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> is the most common soil-transmitted helminth infecting humans in the world, <jats:italic>A. suum<\/jats:italic> causes important economic losses in the porcine industry. The latter has been proposed as a model for the study of <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> since both species are closely related. The third larval stage of these parasites carries out an intriguing and complex hepatopulmonary route through the bloodstream of its hosts. This allows the interaction between larvae and the physiological mechanisms of the hosts circulatory system, such as the fibrinolytic system. Parasite migration has been widely linked to the activation of this system by pathogens that are able to bind plasminogen and enhance plasmin generation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the interaction between the infective third larval stage of <jats:italic>A. suum<\/jats:italic> and the host fibrinolytic system as a model of the host-<jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> spp. relationships.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Infective larvae were obtained after incubating and hatching fertile eggs of <jats:italic>A. suum<\/jats:italic> in order to extract their cuticle and excretory\/secretory antigens. The ability of both extracts to bind and activate plasminogen, as well as promote plasmin generation were assayed by ELISA and western blot. The location of plasminogen binding on the larval surface was revealed by immunofluorescence. The plasminogen-binding proteins from both antigenic extracts were revealed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and plasminogen-ligand blotting, and identified by mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cuticle and excretory\/secretory antigens from infective larvae of <jats:italic>A. suum<\/jats:italic> were able to bind plasminogen and promote plasmin generation in the presence of plasminogen activators. Plasminogen binding was located on the larval surface. Twelve plasminogen-binding proteins were identified in both antigenic extracts.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To the best of our knowledge, the present results showed for the first time, the pro-fibrinolytic potential of infective larvae of <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> spp., which suggests a novel parasite survival mechanism by facilitating the migration through host tissues.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04067-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T10:02:55Z","timestamp":1587376975000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Pro-fibrinolytic potential of the third larval stage of Ascaris suum as a possible mechanism facilitating its migration through the host tissues"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Alicia","family":"Diosdado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Sim\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Morch\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"4067_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-396978-1.00014-8","volume-title":"Ascaris: the neglected parasite","author":"SM Thamsborg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thamsborg SM, Nejsum P, Mejer H. Impact of Ascaris suum in livestock. In: Holland C, editor. Ascaris: the neglected parasite. Cambridge: Academic Press, Elsevier; 2013. p. 363\u201381."},{"key":"4067_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.01.012","volume":"12","author":"W Peng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peng W, Criscione CD. Ascariasis in people and pigs: new inferences from DNA analysis of worm populations. Infect Genet Evol. 2012;12:227\u201335.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"4067_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31930-X","volume":"391","author":"PM Jourdan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jourdan PM, Lamberton PHL, Fenwick A, Addiss DG. Soil-transmitted helminth infections. Lancet. 2018;391:252\u201365.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4067_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2010.09.012","volume":"13","author":"C Dold","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dold C, Holland CV. Ascaris and ascariasis. Microbes Infect. 2011;13:632\u20137.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"4067_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000081919","volume":"111","author":"AF Read","year":"1995","unstructured":"Read AF, Skorping A. The evolution of tissue migration by parasitic nematode larvae. Parasitology. 1995;111:359\u201371.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"4067_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-396978-1.00005-7","volume-title":"Ascaris: the neglected parasite","author":"CV Holland","year":"2013","unstructured":"Holland CV, Behnke JM, Dold C. Larval ascariasis: impact, significance, and model organisms. In: Holland C, editor. Ascaris: the neglected parasite. Cambridge: Academic Press, Elsevier; 2013. p. 107\u201325."},{"key":"4067_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01868","volume":"9","author":"F Ebner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ebner F, Kuhring M, Radoni\u0107 A, Midha A, Renard BY, Hartmann S. Silent witness: dual-species transcriptomics reveals epithelial immunological quiescence to helminth larval encounter and fostered larval development. Front Immunol. 2018;9:1868.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4067_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10553","volume":"479","author":"AR Jex","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jex AR, Liu S, Li B, Young ND, Hall RS, Li Y, et al. Ascaris suum draft genome. Nature. 2011;479:529\u201333.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4067_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2013.06.023","volume":"128","author":"L Figuera","year":"2013","unstructured":"Figuera L, G\u00f3mez-Arreaza A, Avil\u00e1n L. Parasitism in optima forma: exploiting the host fibrinolytic system for invasion. Acta Trop. 2013;128:116\u201323.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"4067_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.12.012","volume":"32","author":"J Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel J, Siles-Lucas M, Kartashev V, Morch\u00f3n R, Sim\u00f3n F. Plasmin in parasitic chronic infections: friend or foe? Trends Parasitol. 2016;32:325\u201335.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.03220.x","volume":"7","author":"DC Rijken","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rijken DC, Lijnen HR. New insights into the molecular mechanisms of the fibrinolytic system. J Thromb Haemost. 2009;7:4\u201313.","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"4067_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05444.x","volume":"129","author":"G Cesarman-Maus","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cesarman-Maus G, Hajjar KA. Molecular mechanisms of fibrinolysis. Br J Haematol. 2005;129:307\u201321.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"4067_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-003-3348-5","volume":"61","author":"T Syrovets","year":"2004","unstructured":"Syrovets T, Simmet T. Novel aspects and new roles for the serine protease plasmin. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004;61:873\u201385.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"4067_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2001.tb00590.x","volume":"25","author":"K L\u00e4hteenm\u00e4ki","year":"2001","unstructured":"L\u00e4hteenm\u00e4ki K, Kuusela P, Korhonen TK. Bacterial plasminogen activators and receptors. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2001;25:531\u201352.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"4067_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482096","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/482096","volume":"2012","author":"S Bhattacharya","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bhattacharya S, Ploplis VA, Castellino FJ. Bacterial plasminogen receptors utilize host plasminogen system for effective invasion and dissemination. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:482096.","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"4067_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0005166","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005166","volume":"10","author":"J Vlaminck","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vlaminck J, Masure D, Wang T, Nejsum P, Hokke CH, Geldhof P. A phosphorylcholine-containing glycolipid-like antigen present on the surface of infective stage larvae of Ascaris spp. is a major antibody target in infected pigs and humans. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10:e0005166.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"4067_CR17","first-page":"241","volume":"48","author":"JF Urban Jr","year":"1981","unstructured":"Urban JF Jr, Douvres FW, Tromba FG. A rapid method for hatching Ascaris suum eggs in vitro. Proc Helminthol Soc Wash. 1981;48:241\u20133.","journal-title":"Proc Helminthol Soc Wash"},{"key":"4067_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(94)90024-8","volume":"53","author":"H Wedrychowicz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wedrychowicz H, Holmes PH, Bairden K, Tait A. Surface and excretory\/secretory antigens of fourth-stage larvae and adult Ostertagia circumcincta. Vet Parasitol. 1994;53:117\u201332.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2011.10.010","volume":"181","author":"J Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel J, Morch\u00f3n R, Mellado I, Carret\u00f3n E, Montoya-Alonso JA, Sim\u00f3n F. Excretory\/secretory antigens from Dirofilaria immitis adult worms interact with the host fibrinolytic system involving the vascular endothelium. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2012;181:134\u201340.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR20","volume-title":"Parasite antigens, parasite genes: a laboratory manual for molecular parasitology","author":"RM Maizels","year":"1991","unstructured":"Maizels RM, Blaxter ML, Robertson BD, Selkirk ME. Parasite antigens, parasite genes: a laboratory manual for molecular parasitology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1991."},{"key":"4067_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2006.07.003","volume":"115","author":"A Ramajo-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ramajo-Hern\u00e1ndez A, P\u00e9rez-S\u00e1nchez R, Ramajo-Mart\u00edn V, Oleaga A. Schistosoma bovis: plasminogen binding in adults and the identification of plasminogen-binding proteins from the worm tegument. Exp Parasitol. 2007;115:83\u201391.","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2018.02.003","volume":"221","author":"RS Fernandes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fernandes RS, Fernandes LGV, de Godoy AS, Miyasato PA, Nakano E, Farias LP, et al. Schistosoma mansoni venom allergen-like protein 18 (SmVAL18) is a plasminogen-binding protein secreted during the early stages of mammalian-host infection. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2018;221:23\u201331.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14440","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.25.14440","volume":"93","author":"A Shevchenko","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shevchenko A, Jensen ON, Podtelejnikov AV, Sagliocco F, Wilm M, Vorm O, et al. Linking genome and proteome by mass spectrometry: large-scale identification of yeast proteins from two dimensional gels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1996;93:14440\u20135.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4067_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti770","volume":"22","author":"K Arnold","year":"2006","unstructured":"Arnold K, Bordoli L, Kopp J, Schwede T. The SWISS-MODEL workspace: a web-based environment for protein structure homology modelling. Bioinformatics. 2006;22:195\u2013201.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"4067_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.07.016","volume":"226","author":"H Acosta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Acosta H, Rond\u00f3n-Mercado R, Avil\u00e1n L, Concepci\u00f3n JL. Interaction of Trypanosoma evansi with the plasminogen-plasmin system. Vet Parasitol. 2016;226:189\u201397.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(00)00269-3","volume":"110","author":"L Avilan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Avilan L, Calcagno M, Figuera M, Lemus L, Puig J, Rodriguez AM. Interaction of Leishmania mexicana promastigotes with the plasminogen-plasmin system. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2000;110:183\u201393.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762004000100011","volume":"99","author":"L Almeida","year":"2004","unstructured":"Almeida L, Vanegas G, Calcagno M, Concepci\u00f3n JL, Avilan L. Plasminogen interaction with Trypanosoma cruzi. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2004;99:63\u20137.","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"4067_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2008.04.013","volume":"107","author":"M Rojas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rojas M, Labrador I, Concepci\u00f3n JL, Aldana E, Avilan L. Characteristics of plasminogen binding to Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. Acta Trop. 2008;107:54\u20138.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"4067_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.01.028","volume":"196","author":"J Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel J, Morch\u00f3n R, Carret\u00f3n E, Montoya-Alonso JA, Sim\u00f3n F. Surface associated antigens of Dirofilaria immitis adult worms activate the host fibrinolytic system. Vet Parasitol. 2013;196:235\u201340.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182018001464","volume":"146","author":"J Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel J, Valero MA, Reguera-Gomez M, Mas-Bargues C, Bargues MD, Sim\u00f3n F, et al. Numerous Fasciola plasminogen-binding proteins may underlie blood-brain barrier leakage and explain neurological disorder complexity and heterogeneity in the acute and chronic phases of human fascioliasis. Parasitology. 2019;146:284\u201398.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"4067_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.01.007","volume":"144","author":"S Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang S, Guo A, Zhu X, You Y, Hou J, Wang Q, et al. Identification and functional characterization of alpha-enolase from Taenia pisiformis metacestode. Acta Trop. 2015;144:31\u201340.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"4067_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1160\/TH07-02-0117","volume":"98","author":"S Bergmann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bergmann S, Hammerschmidt S. Fibrinolysis and host response in bacterial infections. Thromb Haemost. 2007;98:512\u201320.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"4067_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4781(03)00083-6","volume":"1627","author":"A Jolodar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jolodar A, Fischer P, Bergmann S, B\u00fcttner DW, Hammerschmidt S, Brattig NW. Molecular cloning of an alpha-enolase from the human filarial parasite Onchocerca volvulus that binds human plasminogen. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003;1627:111\u201320.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"4067_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-1913-z","volume":"107","author":"J Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang J, Qiu C, Xia Y, Yao L, Fu Z, Yuan C, et al. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of Schistosoma japonicum enolase which is highly expressed at the schistosomulum stage. Parasitol Res. 2010;107:667\u201377.","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"4067_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272148","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/272148","volume":"2012","author":"ML Sanderson-Smith","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sanderson-Smith ML, De Oliveira DM, Ranson M, McArthur JD. Bacterial plasminogen receptors: mediators of a multifaceted relationship. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:272148.","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"4067_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2012.11.002","volume":"187","author":"L Figuera","year":"2013","unstructured":"Figuera L, Acosta H, G\u00f3mez-Arreaza A, D\u00e1vila-Vera D, Balza-Quintero A, Qui\u00f1ones W, et al. Plasminogen binding proteins in secreted membrane vesicles of Leishmania mexicana. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2013;187:14\u201320.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0799-0","volume":"8","author":"J Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel J, Morch\u00f3n R, Carret\u00f3n E, Montoya-Alonso JA, Sim\u00f3n F. Can the activation of plasminogen\/plasmin system of the host by metabolic products of Dirofilaria immitis participate in heartworm disease endarteritis? Parasit Vectors. 2015;8:194.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"4067_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.2000.0455","volume":"124","author":"J P\u00e9rez","year":"2001","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez J, Garc\u00eda PM, Mozos E, Bautista MJ, Carrasco L. Immunohistochemical characterization of hepatic lesions associated with migrating larvae of Ascaris suum in pigs. J Comp Pathol. 2001;124:200\u20136.","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"4067_CR39","first-page":"1","volume":"16","author":"O Ron\u00e9us","year":"1966","unstructured":"Ron\u00e9us O. Studies on the aetiology and pathogenesis of white spots in the liver of pigs. Acta Vet Scand. 1966;16:1\u2013112.","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"4067_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2003.1110501.x","volume":"111","author":"CH Liljegren","year":"2003","unstructured":"Liljegren CH, Aalbaek B, Nielsen OL, Jensen HE. Some new aspects of the pathology, pathogenesis, and aetiology of disseminated lung lesions in slaughter pigs. APMIS. 2003;111:531\u20138.","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"4067_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12078","volume":"29","author":"J Karkowska-Kuleta","year":"2014","unstructured":"Karkowska-Kuleta J, Kozik A. Moonlighting proteins as virulence factors of pathogenic fungi, parasitic protozoa and multicellular parasites. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2014;29:270\u201383.","journal-title":"Mol Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"4067_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(98)01335-8","volume":"24","author":"CJ Jeffery","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jeffery CJ. Moonlighting proteins. Trends Biochem Sci. 1999;24:8\u201311.","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"4067_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2014.02.005","volume":"193","author":"A G\u00f3mez-Arreaza","year":"2014","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Arreaza A, Acosta H, Qui\u00f1ones W, Concepci\u00f3n JL, Michels PA, Avil\u00e1n L. Extracellular functions of glycolytic enzymes of parasites: unpredicted use of ancient proteins. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2014;193:75\u201381.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"4067_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.9.10.7615163","volume":"9","author":"EF Plow","year":"1995","unstructured":"Plow EF, Herren T, Redlitz A, Miles LA, Hoover-Plow JL. The cell biology of the plasminogen system. FASEB J. 1995;9:939\u201345.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"4067_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2811","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.6.2811","volume":"96","author":"TL Moser","year":"1999","unstructured":"Moser TL, Stack MS, Asplin I, Enghild JJ, H\u00f8jrup P, Everitt L, et al. Angiostatin binds ATP synthase on the surface of human endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1999;96:2811\u20136.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4067_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.0877","volume":"274","author":"CD Criscione","year":"2007","unstructured":"Criscione CD, Anderson JD, Sudimack D, Peng W, Jha B, Williams-Blangero S, et al. Disentangling hybridization and host colonization in parasitic roundworms of humans and pigs. Proc Biol Sci. 2007;274:2669\u201377.","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"key":"4067_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu193","volume":"210","author":"M Betson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Betson M, Nejsum P, Bendall RP, Deb RM, Stothard JR. Molecular epidemiology of ascariasis: a global perspective on the transmission dynamics of Ascaris in people and pigs. J Infect Dis. 2014;210:932\u201341.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"4067_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.12.003","volume":"48","author":"P Nejsum","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nejsum P, Hawash MB, Betson M, Stothard JR, Gasser RB, Andersen LO. Ascaris phylogeny based on multiple whole mtDNA genomes. Infect Genet Evol. 2017;48:4\u20139.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"}],"container-title":["Parasites &amp; Vectors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-020-04067-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13071-020-04067-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-020-04067-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T23:53:52Z","timestamp":1618876432000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13071-020-04067-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-020-04067-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-3305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-3305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 April 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"203"}}