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Very little is known about the factors affecting innate susceptibility and resistance to infection with <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> spp. Although benzimidazolic drugs against CE and AE have definitively improved the treatment of these cestodes; however, the lack of successful control campaigns, including the EG95 vaccine, at a continental level indicates the importance of generating novel therapies. This review represents an update on the latest developments in the regulatory functions of innate immune pathways such as apoptosis, toll-like receptors (TLRs), and inflammasomes against CE and AE. We suggest that apoptosis can reciprocally play a bi-functional role among the host-<jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> metabolite relationships in suppressive and survival mechanisms of CE. Based on the available information, further studies are needed to determine whether the orchestrated <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic> strategy for designing inhibitors and interfering RNA against anti-apoptotic proteins and TLRs would be effective to improve new treatments as well as therapeutic vaccines against the <jats:italic>E. granulosus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. multilocularis.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04103-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]],"date-time":"2020-05-06T12:04:25Z","timestamp":1588766665000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Recent advances on innate immune pathways related to host\u2013parasite cross-talk in cystic and alveolar echinococcosis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nayer Mehdizad","family":"Bakhtiar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adel","family":"Spotin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Mahami-Oskouei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehsan","family":"Ahmadpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Rostami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"4103_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2018.01.025","volume":"51","author":"TM Galeh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Galeh TM, Spotin A, Mahami-Oskouei M, Carmena D, Rahimi MT, Barac A, et al. 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