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Species-specific knowledge is limited, despite potential species bias in development of disease and anthelmintic resistance. This is the first meta-analysis to examine effects of geographical region and cyathostomin collection method on reported composition of cyathostomin communities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty-seven articles published in English in 1975 or later, in which adults of individual species were systematically enumerated, were included. Seven regions; North America, South America, eastern Europe, western Europe, northern Europe, southern Africa, and Oceania, and three cyathostomin collection methods; (i) standard necropsy recovery from the large intestine, (ii) critical test collection from post-treatment feces and necropsy, and (iii) diagnostic deworming recovery solely from post-treatment feces, were considered. Generalized mixed linear models analyzed the effects of region and collection method on species-specific prevalence and relative abundance. Species richness was analyzed by mixed linear models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Definitively, the most prevalent and relatively abundant species were<jats:italic>Cylicocyclus nassatus<\/jats:italic>(prevalence\u00a0=\u00a093%, relative abundance\u00a0=\u00a020%),<jats:italic>Cylicostephanus<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>Cys.<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>longibursatus<\/jats:italic>(93%, 20%), and<jats:italic>Cyathostomum catinatum<\/jats:italic>(90%, 16%). A bias toward horses with high infection intensities and cyathostomin collection from feces resulted in North American critical tests and eastern European diagnostic deworming overestimating the species-specific prevalence and underestimating the relative abundance of rare\/uncommon species compared to respective intra-regional standard necropsies. North American critical tests underestimated species richness due partially to identification key errors. Inter-regional standard necropsy comparisons yielded some species-specific regional differences, including a significantly higher<jats:italic>Cys. longibursatus<\/jats:italic>prevalence and relative abundance in North America (92%, 33%) than in eastern Europe (51%, 7%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.0001). Localization of critical tests to North America and diagnostic deworming to Eastern Europe precluded expansive \u2018region by collection method\u2019 interaction analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We provide substantial data to inform study design, e.g. effect and study size, for cyathostomin research and highlight necessity for method standardization and raw data accessibility for optimal<jats:italic>post-factum<\/jats:italic>comparisons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04396-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T13:02:56Z","timestamp":1602507776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Meta-analysis of cyathostomin species-specific prevalence and relative abundance in domestic horses from 1975\u20132020: emphasis on geographical region and specimen collection method"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Bellaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin K.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"4396_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.04.026","volume":"156","author":"JR Lichtenfels","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lichtenfels JR, Kharchenko VA, Dvojnos GM. 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