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Parasites are transmitted to human and animal hosts through the bite of an infected sand fly. Novel strategies for disease control require a better understanding of the key step for transmission, namely the establishment of infection inside the fly.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The aim of this work was to identify sand fly systemic transcriptomic signatures associated with\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. We used next generation sequencing to describe the transcriptome of whole\n                      <jats:italic>Phlebotomus papatasi<\/jats:italic>\n                      sand flies when fed with blood alone (control) or with blood containing one of three trypanosomatids:\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>L. donovani<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Herpetomonas muscarum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the latter being a parasite not transmitted to humans.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the trypanosomatids studied, only\n                      <jats:italic>L. major<\/jats:italic>\n                      was able to successfully establish an infection in the host\n                      <jats:italic>P. papatasi<\/jats:italic>\n                      . However, the transcriptional signatures observed after each parasite-contaminated blood meal were not specific to success or failure of a specific infection and they did not differ from each other. The transcriptional signatures were also indistinguishable after a non-contaminated blood meal.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results imply that sand flies perceive\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      as just one feature of their microbiome landscape and that any strategy to tackle transmission should focus on the response towards the blood meal rather than parasite establishment. Alternatively,\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      could suppress host responses. These results will generate new thinking around the concept of stopping transmission by controlling the parasite inside the insect.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04498-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T14:04:06Z","timestamp":1609941846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Phlebotomus papatasi systemic transcriptional response to trypanosomatid-contaminated blood does not differ from the non-infected blood meal"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Megan A.","family":"Sloan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jovana","family":"Sadlova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tereza","family":"Lestinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mandy J.","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Cotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Volf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Ligoxygakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"4498_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1006571","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006571","volume":"13","author":"O Courtenay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Courtenay O, Peters NC, Rogers ME, Bern C. 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