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To date,<jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>chemotherapeutic interventions have involved macrocytic lactones, but their short duration of action and need for frequent re-administration has limited treatment success. Fluralaner (Bravecto\u00ae; MSD Animal Health), a novel isoxazoline class ectoparasiticide, has several advantageous properties that may overcome such limitations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluralaner was administered topically at 25\u00a0mg\/kg (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 5) and 85\u00a0mg\/kg (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 2) to healthy captive bare-nosed wombats. Safety was assessed over 12\u00a0weeks by clinical observation and monitoring of haematological and biochemical parameters. Fluralaner plasma pharmacokinetics were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Efficacy was evaluated through clinical assessment of response to treatment, including mange and body condition scoring, for 15\u00a0weeks after topical administration of 25\u00a0mg\/kg fluralaner to sarcoptic mange-affected wild bare-nosed wombats (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 3). Duration of action was determined through analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters and visual inspection of study subjects for ticks during the monitoring period. Methods for diluting fluralaner to enable \u2018pour-on\u2019 application were compared, and an economic and treatment effort analysis of fluralaner relative to moxidectin was undertaken.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No deleterious health impacts were detected following fluralaner administration. Fluralaner was absorbed and remained quantifiable in plasma throughout the monitoring period. For the 25\u00a0mg\/kg and 85\u00a0mg\/kg treatment groups, the respective means for maximum recorded plasma concentrations (C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) were 6.2 and 16.4\u00a0ng\/ml; for maximum recorded times to C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>, 3.0 and 37.5 days; and for plasma elimination half-lives, 40.1 and 166.5 days. Clinical resolution of sarcoptic mange was observed in all study animals within 3\u20134 weeks of treatment, and all wombats remained tick-free for 15 weeks. A suitable product for diluting fluralaner into a \u2018pour-on\u2019 was found. Treatment costs were competitive, and predicted treatment effort was substantially lower relative to moxidectin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluralaner appears to be a safe and efficacious treatment for sarcoptic mange in the bare-nosed wombat, with a single dose lasting over 1\u20133 months. It has economic and treatment-effort-related advantages over moxidectin, the most commonly used alternative. We recommend a dose of 25\u00a0mg\/kg fluralaner and, based on the conservative assumption that at least 50% of a dose makes dermal contact, Bravecto Spot-On for Large Dogs as the most appropriate formulation for adult bare-nosed wombats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04500-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T19:04:06Z","timestamp":1609959846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Fluralaner as a novel treatment for sarcoptic mange in the bare-nosed wombat (Vombatus ursinus): safety, pharmacokinetics, efficacy and practicable use"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5620-2646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicky","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Takano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alynn","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roz","family":"Holme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Phalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Mounsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Charleston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Kreiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Pye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"N\u00e6sborg-Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane A.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Carver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4500_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.7589\/2017-12-310","volume":"55","author":"M Van Wick","year":"2019","unstructured":"Van Wick M, Hashem B. 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