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However, their characteristics in\n                      <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the causative agent of human sexually transmitted trichomoniasis, still remain to be determined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Small RNA transcriptomes from\n                      <jats:italic>Trichomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      trophozoites were deep sequenced using the Illumina NextSeq 500 system and comprehensively analyzed to identify\n                      <jats:italic>Trichomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      microRNAs (miRNAs) and transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs). The tsRNA candidates were confirmed by stem-loop quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, and motifs to guide the cleavage of tsRNAs were predicted using the GLAM2 algorithm.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The miRNAs were found to be present in\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      but at an extremely low abundance (0.0046%). Three categories of endogenous\n                      <jats:italic>Trichomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      tsRNAs were identified, namely 5\u2032tritsRNAs, mid-tritsRNAs and 3\u2032tritsRNAs, with the 5\u2032tritsRNAs constituting the dominant category (67.63%) of tsRNAs. Interestingly, the cleavage site analysis verified both conventional classes of tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) and tRNA-halves in tritsRNAs, indicating the expression of tRNA-halves in the non-stress condition. A total of 25 tritsRNAs were experimentally confirmed, accounting for 78.1% of all tested candidates. Three motifs were predicted to guide the production of tritsRNAs. The results prove the expression of tRFs and tRNA-halves in the\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      transcriptome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This is the first report of genome-wide investigation of small RNAs, particularly tsRNAs and miRNAs, from\n                      <jats:italic>Trichomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      parasites. Our findings demonstrate the expression profile of tsRNAs in\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , while miRNA was barely detected. These results may promote further research aimed at gaining a better understanding of the evolution of small non-coding RNA in\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and their functions in the pathogenesis of trichomoniasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04570-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]],"date-time":"2021-01-29T07:18:20Z","timestamp":1611904700000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Global survey of miRNAs and tRNA-derived small RNAs from the human parasitic protist Trichomonas vaginalis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zhen-Sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Chang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Yan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Hua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian-Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Zhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeng-Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"4570_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90529-Y","volume":"75","author":"RC Lee","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V. 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