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Few studies are available regarding the genetic characterization of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> infections in humans in China.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In the present study, 609 fecal samples were collected from two- to six-year-old kindergarten children in southern Xinjiang and were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The infection rate of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> was 14.3% (87\/609); no significant difference was observed among counties and between sexes. <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> subtypes ST1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200938), ST2 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098), and ST3 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200941) were identified by sequence analysis of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Genetic polymorphisms were observed at the intra-subtype level, including seven variations for ST1 (ST1A to ST1G), four for ST2 (ST2A to ST2D), and two for ST3 (ST3A and ST3B); with ST1F and ST2B being new variations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>ST1 and ST3 are the two common <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> subtypes in the study area. More extensive studies in both humans and animals in different regions are needed to better characterize the transmission of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-3890-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T17:03:01Z","timestamp":1578675781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Genetic diversity of Blastocystis in kindergarten children in southern Xinjiang, China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Meng","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longxian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"3890_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2016.03.010","volume":"65","author":"H Yoshikawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yoshikawa H, Tokoro M, Nagamoto T, Arayama S, Asih PB, Rozi IE, Syafruddin D. 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In addition, this research involving human participants was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Henan Agricultural University (Approval No. IRC-HENAU-20160224-05). Parents or guardians of children have been informed of the study purpose and procedures in writing, and those consenting their children\u2019s participation have signed the forms of informed consent.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15"}}