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In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the prevalence and distribution of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> sp. in different classes of hosts in Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Studies that analyzed hosts of various classes, including humans, domestic animals, wild animals or captive animals, were considered. The pooled prevalence of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> sp. infection was estimated by random effects models.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>For humans, similar prevalence rates were found for males (31.0%, 95% CI: 17.0\u201345.0%; weight 10%) and females (28.0%, 95% CI: 16.0\u201341.0%; weight 10%); the state of Mato Grosso do Sul showed the highest prevalence, with 41.0% positivity (95% CI: 36.0\u201346.0%; weight 2.9%). The prevalence among immunocompromised patients was 5.0% (95% CI: 3.0\u20137.0%; weight 10%), and the most common cause of immunosuppression was hemodialysis, with 23.0% (95% CI: 17.0\u201329.0%; weight 12.4%). Among classifications according to interaction with humans, wild and domestic animals presented values of 19.0% (95% CI: 7.0\u201331.0%; weight 42.6%) and 17.0% (95% CI: 13.0\u201321.0%; weight 29.6%), respectively. Among these animals, mammals (39.0%, 95% CI: 21.0\u201356.0%; weight 47.3%) and birds (18.0%, 95% CI: 10.0\u201327.0%; weight 39.3%) exhibited the highest prevalence. Phylogenetic analysis of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> sp. revealed greater genetic diversity for clades of subtypes (STs) ST1, ST2 and ST3.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The overall prevalence of <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> sp. in the Brazilian human population was 24%, which reflects the reality in the South, Southeast and Midwest regions, where prevalence rates of up to 40% were found. Among animals, mammals and birds exhibited the highest prevalence.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-3900-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T19:02:41Z","timestamp":1579028561000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Prevalence of Blastocystis sp. infection in several hosts in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Andernice dos Santos","family":"Zanetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Francisco","family":"Malheiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiane Amorim","family":"de Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana Gulin","family":"Longhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana Melhoran\u00e7a","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel Laudelino","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solange Kimie Ikeda","family":"Castrillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvana Margarida Benevides","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliane","family":"Ignotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0912-9527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar Ariel","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"3900_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809002672","volume":"137","author":"CR Stensvold","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stensvold CR, Lewis HC, Hammerum AM, Porsbo LJ, Nielsen SS, Olsen KE, et al. 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