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Disrupting the LD transmission cycle in nature is a promising avenue for risk reduction. This experimental study evaluated the efficacy of fluralaner, a recent oral acaricide with a long duration of effect in dogs, for killing <jats:italic>Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic> ticks in <jats:italic>Peromyscus maniculatus<\/jats:italic> mice, a known wildlife reservoir for <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> in nature.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We assigned 87 mice to 3 fluralaner treatment groups (50\u00a0mg\/kg, 12.5\u00a0mg\/kg and untreated control) administered as a single oral treatment. Mice were then infested with 20 <jats:italic>Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic> larvae at 2, 28 and 45\u00a0days post-treatment and we measured efficacy as the proportion of infesting larvae that died within 48\u00a0h. At each infestation, blood from 3 mice in each treatment group was tested to obtain fluralaner plasma concentrations (C<jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Treatment with 50\u00a0mg\/kg and 12.5\u00a0mg\/kg fluralaner killed 97% and 94% of infesting larvae 2\u00a0days post-treatment, but no significant effect of treatment on feeding larvae was observed 28 and 45\u00a0days post-treatment. Mouse C<jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub> did not differ significantly between the two tested doses. Mean C<jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub> decreased from 13,000\u00a0ng\/ml in the 50\u00a0mg\/kg group and 4000\u00a0ng\/ml in the 12.5\u00a0mg\/kg group at Day 2 to &lt;\u2009100\u00a0ng\/ml in both groups at Day 45.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We provide the first evidence that fluralaner is effective for killing immature ticks in <jats:italic>Peromyscus<\/jats:italic> mice, a first step in evaluating its potential for treating wild rodents as a public health intervention to reduce LD risk in endemic areas.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-3932-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T17:02:54Z","timestamp":1581613374000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Evaluation of fluralaner as an oral acaricide to reduce tick infestation in a wild rodent reservoir of Lyme disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Pelletier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Rocheleau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Aenishaenslin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Beaudry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Dimitri Masson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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