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All dogs were infested with approximately 100 unfed, adult fleas (<jats:italic>C. felis<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>C. canis<\/jats:italic>) prior to treatment and weekly for 5\u00a0weeks post-treatment. In Studies 1, 2 and 3, the number of viable fleas were comb-counted at 24\u00a0h after treatment and after each weekly infestation; Study 2 also included groups treated with tablets containing sarolaner-alone (1.2\u00a0mg\/kg), moxidectin-alone (24\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg) or pyrantel-alone (5\u00a0mg\/kg). In Study 4, flea counts were conducted at 3, 4, 8 and 12\u00a0h after treatment and subsequent weekly infestations to establish speed of kill. In Study 5 (flea reproduction), dogs were housed in an enclosure designed to facilitate collection of flea eggs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Efficacy of Simparica Trio\u2122 against <jats:italic>C. felis<\/jats:italic> was \u2265\u200999.7% and against <jats:italic>C. canis<\/jats:italic> was 100% at 24\u00a0h after treatment and after subsequent infestations for at least 35\u00a0days. Treatment with sarolaner-alone had similar efficacy to Simparica Trio\u2122, while moxidectin-alone and pyrantel-alone were no different from placebo at most time points. In Study 4, significant flea killing started at 4\u00a0h after treatment; by 8\u00a0h after treatment, all treated dogs were free of fleas. Following weekly re-infestation, the combination product reduced fleas by \u2265\u200997.8% within 12\u00a0h for 28\u00a0days. Simparica Trio\u2122 reduced flea egg-laying by 100% for 35 days. No treatment-related adverse reactions occurred in any study.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A single dose of Simparica Trio\u2122 at the recommended minimum dose provided highly efficacious and rapid treatment within 4\u00a0h of existing flea infestations and persistent control of fleas on dogs for 5\u00a0weeks. The efficacy against fleas resulted in 100% prevention of flea reproduction for over a month following a single oral dose.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-3944-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:03:04Z","timestamp":1583020984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Laboratory studies evaluating the efficacy of a novel orally administered combination product containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio\u2122) for the treatment and control of flea infestations on dogs"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kristina","family":"Kryda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean P.","family":"Mahabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lori","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William R.","family":"Everett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirjan","family":"Thys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Chapin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Holzmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Csilla","family":"Becskei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"3944_CR1","first-page":"155","volume":"26","author":"ACY Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee ACY, Schantz PM, Kazacos KR, Montgomery SP, Bowman DD. 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