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Annexins are a family of phospholipid-binding proteins with calcium ion-binding activity, which have many functions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two annexin protein family genes [\n                      <jats:italic>Echinococcus granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      annexin B3 (\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3) and\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38] were cloned and molecularly characterized using bioinformatic analysis. The immunoreactivity of recombinant\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 (r\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3) and r\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38 was investigated using western blotting. The distribution of\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 and\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38 in protoscoleces (PSCs), the germinal layer, 18-day strobilated worms\u00a0and 45-day adult worms was analyzed by immunofluorescence localization, and their secretory characteristics were analyzed preliminarily; in addition, quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze their transcript levels in PSCs and 28-day strobilated worms stages. The phospholipid-binding activities of r\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 and r\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38 were also analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 and\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38 are conserved and contain calcium-binding sites. Both r\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 and r\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38 could be specifically recognized by the serum samples from\n                      <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      -infected sheep, indicating that they had strong immunoreactivity.\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 and\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38 were distributed in all stages of\n                      <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and their transcript levels were high in the 28-day strobilated worms. They were found in liver tissues near the cysts. In addition, r\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 has Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      -dependent phospholipid-binding properties.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 and\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38 contain calcium-binding sites, and r\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 has Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      -dependent phospholipid-binding properties.\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB3 and\n                      <jats:italic>Eg<\/jats:italic>\n                      AnxB38 were transcribed in PSCs and 28-day strobilated worms. They were expressed in all stages of\n                      <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and distributed in the liver tissues near the hydatid cyst, indicating that they are secreted proteins that play a crucial role in the development of\n                      <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04596-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T17:48:23Z","timestamp":1612806503000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Molecular characterization and expression analysis of annexin B3 and B38 as secretory proteins in Echinococcus granulosus"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaodi","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruiqi","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaobin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuerong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangyou","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"4596_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.11.001","volume":"95","author":"P Deplazes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Deplazes P, Rinaldi L, Rojas CAA, Torgerson PR, Jenkins EJ. 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All animal procedures used in this study were carried out in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (National Research Council, Bethesda, MD) and recommendations of the ARRIVE guidelines (\n                      \n                      ). All the methods were carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"103"}}