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Since then, additional outbreaks have been identified in several populations of ibex and other wild ungulate species throughout the country. Although the first epizootic outbreak in wildlife was attributed to the introduction of an infected herd of domestic goats, the origin and the cause of its persistence remain unclear. The main aims of this study are to understand (i) the number of <jats:italic>Sarcoptes scabiei \u201c<\/jats:italic>strains\u201d circulating in wild ruminant populations in Spain, and (ii) the molecular epidemiological relationships between <jats:italic>S. scabiei<\/jats:italic> and its hosts.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ten <jats:italic>Sarcoptes<\/jats:italic> microsatellite markers were used to characterize the genetic structure of 266 mites obtained from skin scrapings of 121 mangy wild ruminants between 2011 and 2019 from 11 areas in Spain.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Seventy-three different alleles and 37 private alleles were detected. The results of this study show the existence of three genetic strains of <jats:italic>S. scabiei<\/jats:italic> in the wild ruminant populations investigated. While two genetic clusters of <jats:italic>S. scabiei<\/jats:italic> were host- and geography-related, one cluster included multi-host mites deriving from geographically distant populations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The molecular epidemiological study of <jats:italic>S. scabiei<\/jats:italic> in wild ruminants in Spain indicates that the spreading and persistence of the parasite may be conditioned by host species community composition and the permissiveness of each host population\/community to the circulation of individual \u201cstrains,\u201d among other factors. Wildlife\u2013livestock interactions and the role of human-driven introduction or trade of wild and domestic animals should be better investigated to prevent further spread of sarcoptic mange in as yet unaffected natural areas of the Iberian Peninsula.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04673-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]],"date-time":"2021-03-20T13:02:44Z","timestamp":1616245364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Sarcoptic mange in wild ruminants in Spain: solving the epidemiological enigma using microsatellite markers"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1478-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Moroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer","family":"Angelone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas M.","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Rita","family":"Molinar Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Pasquetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2603-4172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Tizzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Ram\u00f3n","family":"L\u00f3pez-Olvera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Valldeperes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9787-9896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Enrique","family":"Granados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Lav\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9542-7514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregorio","family":"Mentaberre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonor","family":"Camacho-Sillero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8742-0109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Oleaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Candela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9013-113X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pier Giuseppe","family":"Meneguz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"4673_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.21.2.1335","volume":"21","author":"DB Pence","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pence DB, Ueckermann E. 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