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Although schistosomiasis is well documented in school-aged children in Burkina Faso, prevalence data among preschool-aged children (PSAC) are limited and outdated, and its risk factors in this group remain poorly documented. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with\n                      <jats:italic>Schistosoma (S.) mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection among PSAC from Panamasso village, western Burkina Faso.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross-sectional study was carried out among 228 children under 6\u00a0years old from Panamasso village. Sociodemographic and water contact data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Kato-Katz and formol-ether concentration techniques were used to detect\n                      <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      eggs in stool samples. Urine samples were subjected to a point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) cassette test and a centrifugation method to check for both\n                      <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, respectively. Potential risk factors for\n                      <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection were explored using multivariable logistic regression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age of children was 40.2\u2009\u00b1\u200915.0\u00a0months. The prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection as determined by Kato-Katz, formol-ether concentration and POC-CCA was 42.1%, 39.5% and 80.7%, respectively. Based on the combined results of the three methods, the overall prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was 81.1%. No case of\n                      <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was found. The geometric mean intensity of\n                      <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was 107.2 eggs per gram of feces with 54.2%, 33.3% and 12.5% of the children having light, moderate and heavy infections, respectively. Girls (AOR\u2009=\u20092.9, 95% CI 1.3\u20136.1), a household located within 500\u00a0m from the pond (AOR\u2009=\u20093.0, 95% CI 1.0\u20138.6) or between 500 and 1000\u00a0m from the pond (AOR\u2009=\u20093.0, 95% CI 1.2\u20137.2), and the child\u2019s history of going to the pond (AOR\u2009=\u20095.0, 95% CI 1.7\u201314.3) were the variables significantly associated with\n                      <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the sole species infecting a high proportion of PSAC in the study area. A mass drug administration program with praziquantel is therefore urgently required for those below 6\u00a0years old. Other control strategies should include increased community-awareness and provision of safe water.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04692-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T11:03:14Z","timestamp":1617274994000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni infection among preschool-aged children from Panamasso village, Burkina Faso"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mamoudou","family":"Cisse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Sangare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur D.","family":"Djibougou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc C.","family":"Tahita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souleymane","family":"Gnissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan K. 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