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Our study provides a first update on their occurrence, species composition and bloodmeal sources after 50\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During 5 seasons (2013\u20132017), 58 localities from 20 regions were surveyed for presence of sand flies using CDC light traps and manual aspirators. Species identification was done by a combination of morphological and molecular approaches (DNA barcoding, MALDI-TOF MS protein profiling). In engorged females, host blood was identified by three molecular techniques (RFLP,\n                      <jats:italic>cytb<\/jats:italic>\n                      sequencing and MALDI-TOF peptide mass mapping). Population structure of most abundant species was studied by\n                      <jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>\n                      1 haplotyping; phylogenetic analyses of ITS2 and\n                      <jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>\n                      1 genetic markers were used to resolve relationships of other detected species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 793 sand flies were collected at 30 (51.7%) localities from 12 regions of Moldova. Three species were identified by an integrative morphological and molecular approach:\n                      <jats:italic>Phlebotomus papatasi<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>P. perfiliewi<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Phlebotomus<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. (\n                      <jats:italic>Adlerius<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), the first being the most abundant and widespread, markedly anthropophilic based on bloodmeal analyses, occurring also indoors and showing low population structure with only five haplotypes of\n                      <jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>\n                      1 detected. Distinct morphological and molecular characters of\n                      <jats:italic>Phlebotomus<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. (\n                      <jats:italic>Adlerius<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) specimens suggest the presence of a yet undescribed species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study revealed the presence of stable sand fly populations of three species in Moldova that represent a biting nuisance as well as a potential threat of pathogen transmission and shall be further studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04858-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T05:03:07Z","timestamp":1626843787000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Phlebotomine sand fly survey in the Republic of Moldova: species composition, distribution and host preferences"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8287-1461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana","family":"\u0218ule\u0219co","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5673-4180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozge","family":"Erisoz Kasap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7229-3450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petr","family":"Halada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gizem","family":"O\u011fuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimian","family":"Rusnac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marketa","family":"Gresova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9711-4113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bulent","family":"Alten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1790-1123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petr","family":"Volf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5636-7483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vit","family":"Dvorak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4858_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2011.10.012","volume":"122","author":"M Akhoundi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Akhoundi M, Parvizi P, Baghaei A, Depaquit J. 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