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Paired tests were performed using the control (skin from euthanized chicks) and test membranes (pig small intestine). The feeding rates were compared by paired<jats:italic> t<\/jats:italic>-test, and Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between the thickness of the membranes and feeding rate.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The feeding rate was greater with  the test membrane than with the control membrane for <jats:italic>L. longipalpis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test, <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22123.3860, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0054) but not for the most frequent field-caught species, <jats:italic>Nyssomyia antunesi<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test, <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.7746, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.4535). The average thicknesses of the control and test membranes were  184\u2009\u00b1\u200983\u00a0\u00b5m and 34\u2009\u00b1\u200912\u00a0\u00b5m, respectively (Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>-test, <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00, <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.8823, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0039); however, there was no correlation between feeding rate and membrane thickness. A moderate positive correlation was observed between the number of phlebotomines that fed and the total number of phlebotomines in the cage for each type of membrane and for each species.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The test membrane is a  viable alternative for the artificial blood-feeding of phlebotomines, and is thus a potential substitute for the skin of animals  that are euthanized for this purpose. Feeding rate was independent of membrane thickness.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05511-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T15:04:58Z","timestamp":1667228698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Artificial blood-feeding of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae): is it time to repurpose biological membranes in light of ethical concerns?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yetsenia del Valle","family":"S\u00e1nchez Uzc\u00e1tegui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Jos\u00e9 Melo","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edilson Rodrigues","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Tobias","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago","family":"Vasconcelos dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinete Marins","family":"P\u00f3voa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"5511_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-120811-153557","volume":"58","author":"PD Ready","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ready PD. 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