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These two mosquito species coexist on Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula in China. Over the past 40\u00a0years, the distribution of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      in these areas has gradually expanded, while\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      has declined sharply. Monitoring their genetic diversity and diffusion could help to explain the genetic influence behind this phenomenon and became key to controlling the epidemic of arboviruses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To better understand the genetic diversity and differentiation of these two mosquitoes, the possible cohabiting areas on Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula were searched between July and October 2021, and five populations were collected. Respectively nine and 11 microsatellite loci were used for population genetic analysis of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . In addition, the mitochondrial\n                      <jats:italic>coxI<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene was also selected for analysis of both mosquito species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results showed that the mean diversity index (PIC and SI values) of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (mean PIC\u2009=\u20090.754 and SI\u2009=\u20091.698) was higher than that of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      (mean PIC\u2009=\u20090.624 and SI\u2009=\u20091.264). The same results were also observed for the\n                      <jats:italic>coxI<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene: the genetic diversity of all populations of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      was higher than that of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      (total\n                      <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200945 and Hd\u2009=\u20090.89958 vs. total\n                      <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200923 and Hd\u2009=\u20090.76495, respectively). UPGMA dendrogram, DAPC and STRUCTURE analyses showed that\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations were divided into three clusters and\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations into two. The Mantel test indicated a significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance for the\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0611,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001), but the correlation was not significant for\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0011,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.250).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The population genetic diversity of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      in Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula was higher than that of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      . In terms of future vector control, the most important and effective measure was to control the spread of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and monitor the population genetic dynamics of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      on Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula, which could theoretically support the further elimination of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      in China.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05936-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T05:02:24Z","timestamp":1694149344000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Genetic diversity of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from cohabiting fields in Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula, China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Minghui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunxiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianyi","family":"Jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hengduan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tongyan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"5936_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05401-9","volume":"15","author":"M G\u00f3mez","year":"2022","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez M, Martinez D, Mu\u00f1oz M, Ram\u00edrez JD. 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