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Hepatic schistosomula proteins previously identified based on second-generation schistosome DNA sequencing were found to hold excellent potential for schistosomiasis japonica diagnosis and as vaccine candidates. However, there are still many unknown schistosomula proteins that warrant further investigations. Herein, a novel schistosomula protein, the\n                      <jats:italic>Schistosoma japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      erythroid Kr\u00fcppel-like factor (\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF\/KLF1), was explored.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sequence alignment was carried out to detect the amino acid sequence characteristics of\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF. The expression profile of\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF was determined by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the antigenicity of\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF in hosts. Mice immunised with recombinant\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF were challenged to test the potential value of the protein as an immunoprotective target.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF is defined as EKLF\/KLF1 for its C-terminal DNA-binding domain.\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF is mainly expressed in hepatic schistosomula and male adults and located within the intestinal intima of the parasites. Notably, high levels of\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF-specific antibodies were detected in host sera and\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF exhibited outstanding sensitivity and specificity for schistosomiasis japonica immunodiagnosis but failed to distinguish between ongoing infection and previous exposure. In addition,\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF immunisation reduced the infection in vivo, resulting in decreased worm and egg counts, and alleviated body weight loss and hepatomegaly in infected mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, these findings demonstrate that\n                      <jats:italic>Sj<\/jats:italic>\n                      EKLF is critical for the infection of\n                      <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and may be a potential target to help control\n                      <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and transmission.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05947-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T05:02:20Z","timestamp":1695445340000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Schistosoma japonicum EKLF\/KLF1 is a potential immune target to tackle schistosomiasis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xianyu","family":"Piao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiamei","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qijun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"5947_CR1","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators. 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All procedures performed were in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, all participants provided informed consent, and all information related to participant was anonymized. All animal protocols were conducted in accordance with the animal husbandry guidelines of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Studies on both humans and animals were reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee and the Experimental Animal Committee of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, with Ethical Clearance Numbers IPB-2016-9 and IPB-2021-6, respectively.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"334"}}