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Mitochondria, is an important organelle that maintains <jats:italic>T. gondii <\/jats:italic>survival, however, drugs targeting mitochondria are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The cytotoxicity of BAM15 was detected by CCK-8 and the in vitro effects of BAM15 was detected by qPCR, plaque assay and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the ultrastructural changes of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> after BAM15 treatment were observed by transmission electron microscopy, and further the mitochondrial membrane potential (\u0394\u03a8m), ATP level and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of <jats:italic>T. gondii <\/jats:italic>after BAM15 treatment were detected. The pharmacokinetic experiments and in vivo infection assays were performed in mice to determine the in vivo effect of BAM15.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>BAM15 had excellent anti-<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> activity in vitro and in vivo with an EC50 value of 1.25 \u03bcM, while the IC50 of BAM15 in Vero cells was 27.07 \u03bcM. Notably, BAM15 significantly inhibited proliferation activity of <jats:italic>T. gondii <\/jats:italic>RH strain and Prugniaud strain (PRU), caused <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> death. Furthermore, BAM15 treatment induced <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> mitochondrial vacuolation and autolysis by TEM. Moreover, the decrease in \u0394\u03a8m and ATP level, as well as the increase in ROS production further confirmed the changes<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our study identifies a useful <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> mitochondrial inhibitor, which may also serve as a leading molecule to develop therapeutic mitochondrial inhibitors in toxoplasmosis.\u2019<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06187-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T03:02:13Z","timestamp":1709262133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of the mitochondrial uncoupling agent BAM15 against the Toxoplasma gondii RH strain and Prugniaud strain"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhendi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yetian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingyuan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jili","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"6187_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2007.08.009","volume":"122","author":"HM Elsheikha","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elsheikha HM. 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Thirty BALB\/c mice were used in this study, which was conducted by Dr. Jili Zhang at Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gansu Province, China. All experimental methods, the animal care and the environment of the barn strictly comply with the guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China. The experimental procedure was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"96"}}