{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:21:45Z","timestamp":1790734905407,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FIOCRUZ"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The sand fly <jats:italic>Nyssomyia neivai<\/jats:italic> is one of the most abundant species in Southern Brazil. It is frequently found in areas that are foci of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Santa Catarina, caused by <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>. In this region, the main vector of <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lutzomyia longipalpis<\/jats:italic>, has not been detected. In the absence of <jats:italic>L. longipalpis<\/jats:italic>, this study aimed to identify the sand fly fauna and diagnose any potential <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. infection in sand flies and in dogs in a region of Southern Brazil that experienced a recent canine visceral leishmaniasis outbreak.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This report includes a survey of the sand fly fauna at the Zoonosis Control Center of the Municipality of Tubar\u00e3o (Santa Catarina, Brazil). Molecular tests were conducted to investigate <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. natural infection in sand flies using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In positive females, in addition to morphological identification, molecular analysis through DNA barcoding was performed to determine the sand fly species. Additionally, the dogs were tested for the presence of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. using a non-invasive technique for the collection of biological material, to be assessed by PCR.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 3419 sand flies, belonging to five genera, were collected. <jats:italic>Nyssomyia neivai<\/jats:italic> was the most abundant species (85.8%), followed by <jats:italic>Migonemyia migonei<\/jats:italic> (13.3%), <jats:italic>Pintomyia fischeri<\/jats:italic> (0.8%), <jats:italic>Evandromyia edwardsi<\/jats:italic> (&lt;\u20090.1%), and species of the genus <jats:italic>Brumptomyia<\/jats:italic>. (0.1%). Out of the 509 non-engorged females analyzed by PCR, two (0.4%) carried <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic> DNA. The naturally infected females were identified as <jats:italic>Ny. neivai<\/jats:italic>, in both morphological and molecular analysis. In addition, two out of 47 conjunctival swabs from dogs tested positive for <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>, yielding an infection rate of 4.2%.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These results confirm the presence of <jats:italic>Ny. neivai<\/jats:italic> naturally infected with <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic> in an area where dogs were also infected by the parasite, suggesting its potential role as a vector in Southern Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06336-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T19:00:30Z","timestamp":1719342030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Leishmania infantum detection in Nyssomyia neivai and dogs in Southern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sabrina Fernandes","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Victor Costa","family":"Guesser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andressa Alencastre Fuzari","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reginaldo Pe\u00e7anha","family":"Brazil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00edsa Damazio Pitaluga","family":"Rona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 N\u00f3brega","family":"Pitaluga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"6336_CR1","unstructured":"Sherlock IRA. 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