{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T06:45:27Z","timestamp":1776494727263,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]],"date-time":"2024-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]],"date-time":"2024-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI000483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic> mosquitoes are responsible for tremendous global health burdens from their transmission of pathogens causing malaria, lymphatic filariasis, dengue, and yellow fever. Innovative vector control strategies will help to reduce the prevalence of these diseases. Mass rearing of mosquitoes for research and support of these strategies presently depends on meals of vertebrate blood, which is subject to acquisition, handling, and storage issues. Various blood-free replacements have been formulated for these mosquitoes, but none of these replacements are in wide use, and little is known about their potential impact on competence of the mosquitoes for <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Colonies of <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Anopheles stephensi<\/jats:italic> were continuously maintained on a blood-free replacement (SkitoSnack; SS) or bovine blood (BB) and monitored for engorgement and hatch rates. Infections of <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>An. stephensi<\/jats:italic> were assessed with <jats:italic>Plasmodium gallinaceum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Replicate colonies of mosquitoes were maintained on BB or SS for 10 generations of <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic> and more than\u00a063 generations of <jats:italic>An. stephensi<\/jats:italic>. The odds of engorgement by SS- relative to BB-maintained mosquitoes were higher for both <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic> (OR\u2009=\u20092.6, 95% CI 1.3\u20135.2) and <jats:italic>An. stephensi<\/jats:italic> (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.4\u20135.5), while lower odds of hatching were found for eggs from the SS-maintained mosquitoes of both species (<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic> OR\u2009=\u20090.40, 95% CI 0.26\u20130.62; <jats:italic>An. stephensi<\/jats:italic> OR\u2009=\u20090.59, 95% CI 0.36\u20130.96). Oocyst counts were similar for <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gallinaceum<\/jats:italic> infections of <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic> mosquitoes maintained on SS or BB (mean ratio\u2009=\u2009[mean on SS]\/[mean on BB]\u2009=\u20091.11, 95% CI 0.85\u20131.49). Similar oocyst counts were also observed from the <jats:italic>P.\u00a0falciparum<\/jats:italic> infections of SS- or BB-maintained <jats:italic>An. stephensi<\/jats:italic> (mean ratio\u2009=\u20090.76, 95% CI 0.44\u20131.37). The average counts of sporozoites\/mosquito showed no evidence of reductions in the SS-maintained relative to BB-maintained mosquitoes of both species.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>An. stephensi<\/jats:italic> can be reliably maintained on SS over multiple generations and are as competent for <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> infection as mosquitoes maintained on BB. Use of SS alleviates the need to acquire and preserve blood for mosquito husbandry and may support new initiatives in fundamental and applied research, including novel manipulations of midgut microbiota and factors important to the mosquito life cycle and pathogen susceptibility.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06364-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]],"date-time":"2024-07-06T13:01:30Z","timestamp":1720270890000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Infectivity of Plasmodium parasites to Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes maintained on blood-free meals of SkitoSnack"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kristina K.","family":"Gonzales-Wartz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana M.","family":"S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonas","family":"Gebremicale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingbing","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carole A.","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tales V.","family":"Pascini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Laughinghouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel E.","family":"Moretz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana M.","family":"Ortega-Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"Fay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Wellems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"6364_CR1","volume-title":"Mosquito: a natural history of our most persistent and deadly foe","author":"A Spielman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Spielman A. Mosquito: a natural history of our most persistent and deadly foe. 1st ed. New York: Hyperion; 2001.","edition":"1"},{"key":"6364_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.34.1.2349","volume":"34","author":"AR Elbers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elbers AR, Koenraadt CJ, Meiswinkel R. Mosquitoes and Culicoides biting midges: vector range and the influence of climate change. Rev Sci Tech. 2015;34:123\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20506\/rst.34.1.2349.","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"key":"6364_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1406035","volume":"372","author":"SC Weaver","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weaver SC, Lecuit M. Chikungunya virus and the global spread of a mosquito-borne disease. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1231\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1406035.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6364_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2019.03.005","volume":"35","author":"BJ Matthews","year":"2019","unstructured":"Matthews BJ. Aedes aegypti. Trends Genet. 2019;35:470\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tig.2019.03.005.","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"key":"6364_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0476-8","volume":"4","author":"JP Messina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Messina JP, Brady OJ, Golding N, Kraemer MUG, Wint GRW, Ray SE, et al. The current and future global distribution and population at risk of dengue. Nat Microbiol. 2019;4:1508\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-019-0476-8.","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"6364_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1808246","volume":"381","author":"D Musso","year":"2019","unstructured":"Musso D, Ko AI, Baud D. Zika virus infection\u2014after the pandemic. N Engl J Med. 2019;381:1444\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1808246.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6364_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0376-y","volume":"4","author":"MUG Kraemer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kraemer MUG, Reiner RC Jr, Brady OJ, Messina JP, Gilbert M, Pigott DM, et al. Past and future spread of the arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Nat Microbiol. 2019;4:854\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-019-0376-y.","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"6364_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.05.002","volume":"241","author":"N Yurayart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yurayart N, Kaewthamasorn M, Tiawsirisup S. Vector competence of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) for Plasmodium gallinaceum infection and transmission. Vet Parasitol. 2017;241:20\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.05.002.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"6364_CR9","unstructured":"World Health Organization Global Malaria Programme. World Malaria Report 2023. World Health Organization, WHO, Geneva (Switzerland). 2023. Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-malaria-programme\/reports\/world-malaria-report-2023. Accessed 15 Dec 2022."},{"key":"6364_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-120215-035211","volume":"50","author":"A Molina-Cruz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Molina-Cruz A, Zilversmit MM, Neafsey DE, Hartl DL, Barillas-Mury C. Mosquito vectors and the globalization of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Annu Rev Genet. 2016;50:447\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-genet-120215-035211.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"6364_CR11","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Anopheline species complexes in South and South-East Asia. World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi. 2007. Available at: https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/204779. Accessed 14 Apr 2024."},{"key":"6364_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00053","volume":"7","author":"SN Surendran","year":"2019","unstructured":"Surendran SN, Sivabalakrishnan K, Sivasingham A, Jayadas TTP, Karvannan K, Santhirasegaram S, et al. Anthropogenic factors driving recent range expansion of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi. Front Public Health. 2019;7:53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00053.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"6364_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2507.190301","volume":"25","author":"W Takken","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takken W, Lindsay S. Increased threat of urban malaria from Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. Africa Emerg Infect Dis. 2019;25:1431\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2507.190301.","journal-title":"Africa Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"6364_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e165","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00454-5","volume":"11","author":"R Allan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Allan R, Budge S, Sauskojus H. What sounds like Aedes, acts like Aedes, but is not Aedes? Lessons from dengue virus control for the management of invasive Anopheles. Lancet Glob Health. 2023;11:e165\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00454-5.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"6364_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2301666120","volume":"120","author":"T Lehmann","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lehmann T, Bamou R, Chapman JW, Reynolds DR, Armbruster PA, Dao A, et al. Urban malaria may be spreading via the wind\u2014here\u2019s why that\u2019s important. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023;120:e2301666120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2301666120.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"6364_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3003.231638","author":"YA Afrane","year":"2024","unstructured":"Afrane YA, Abdulai A, Mohammed AR, Akuamoah-Boateng Y, Owusu-Asenso CM, Sraku IK, et al. Detection of invasive Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes through molecular surveillance, Ghana. Emerg Infect Dis. 2024;30(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid3003.231638.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"6364_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005625","volume":"11","author":"CL Moyes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moyes CL, Vontas J, Martins AJ, Ng LC, Koou SY, Dusfour I, et al. Contemporary status of insecticide resistance in the major Aedes vectors of arboviruses infecting humans. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017;11:e0005625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005625.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"6364_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218079","author":"TBT Satoto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Satoto TBT, Satrisno H, Lazuardi L, Diptyanusa A, Purwaningsih R, Kuswati. Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti: an impact from human urbanization? PLoS ONE. 2019;14:e0218079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218079.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"6364_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnx186","author":"NH Ogden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ogden NH. Climate change and vector-borne diseases of public health significance. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2017;364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femsle\/fnx186.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"6364_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.11.042","volume":"139","author":"LA Moreira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moreira LA, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Jeffery JA, Lu G, Pyke AT, Hedges LM, et al. A Wolbachia symbiont in Aedes aegypti limits infection with dengue, Chikungunya, and Plasmodium. Cell. 2009;139:1268\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2009.11.042.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"6364_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2002780","author":"FM Jiggins","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiggins FM. The spread of Wolbachia through mosquito populations. PLoS Biol. 2017;15:e2002780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.2002780.","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"6364_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24654-z","volume":"12","author":"GH Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang GH, Gamez S, Raban RR, Marshall JM, Alphey L, Li M, et al. Combating mosquito-borne diseases using genetic control technologies. Nat Commun. 2021;12:4388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-24654-z.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"6364_CR23","volume-title":"Mullen G Med Vet Entomol","author":"WA Foster","year":"2002","unstructured":"Foster WA, Walker ED. Mosquitoes (Culicidae). In: Durden L, editor. Mullen G Med Vet Entomol. Amsterdam: Elsevier Inc; 2002."},{"key":"6364_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3196924","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3196924","volume":"2017","author":"N Gunathilaka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gunathilaka N, Ranathunge T, Udayanga L, Abeyewickreme W. Efficacy of blood sources and artificial blood feeding methods in rearing of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) for sterile insect technique and incompatible insect technique approaches in Sri Lanka. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3196924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/3196924.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"6364_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.9734\/ijpr\/2019\/v3i230091","volume":"3","author":"JI Chikwendu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chikwendu JI, Onekutu A, Ogbonna IO. Effects of host blood on fecundity and longevity of female Anopheles Mosquitoes. Int J Path Res. 2019;3:1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9734\/ijpr\/2019\/v3i230091.","journal-title":"Int J Path Res"},{"key":"6364_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2023.108591","volume":"253","author":"S Phasomkusolsil","year":"2023","unstructured":"Phasomkusolsil S, Tawong J, Monkanna N, Kornkan T, Jitbantrengphan T, Chaiyasab M, et al. The effects of human and rhesus macaque blood meal sources on mosquito reproduction and adult survival under laboratory conditions. Exp Parasitol. 2023;253:108591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exppara.2023.108591.","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"6364_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006142","volume":"11","author":"T Baughman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baughman T, Peterson C, Ortega C, Preston SR, Paton C, Williams J, et al. A highly stable blood meal alternative for rearing Aedes and Anopheles mosquitoes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017;11:e0006142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006142.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"6364_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-9946201860045","volume":"60","author":"LDS Dias","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dias LDS, Bauzer L, Lima JBP. Artificial blood feeding for Culicidae colony maintenance in laboratories: does the blood source condition matter? Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2018;60:e45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1678-9946201860045.","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"6364_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jisesa\/ieab026","volume":"21","author":"K Tyler-Julian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tyler-Julian K, Darrisaw C, Lloyd A, Hoel D. The use of frozen, food-grade blood to successfully maintain colonies of four species of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Insect Sci. 2021;21:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jisesa\/ieab026.","journal-title":"J Insect Sci"},{"key":"6364_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.2450\/2022.0118-22","volume":"21","author":"A Miglio","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miglio A, Maslanka M, Di Tommaso M, Rocconi F, Nemkov T, Buehler PW, et al. ZOOMICS\u202f: comparative metabolomics of red blood cells from dogs, cows, horses and donkeys during refrigerated storage for up to 42 days. Blood Transfus. 2023;21:314\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2450\/2022.0118-22.","journal-title":"Blood Transfus"},{"key":"6364_CR31","first-page":"21","volume":"55","author":"AO Lea","year":"1955","unstructured":"Lea AO, Knierim JA, Dimond JB, DeLong DM. A preliminary note on egg production from milk-fed mosquitoes. Ohio Jour Sci. 1955;55:21\u20132.","journal-title":"Ohio Jour Sci"},{"key":"6364_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1126\/science.123.3203.890","volume":"123","author":"AO Lea","year":"1956","unstructured":"Lea AO, Dimond JB, DeLong DM. Role of diet in egg development by mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti). Science. 1956;123:890\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.123.3203.890.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"6364_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(57)90036-7","volume":"1","author":"KRP Singh","year":"1957","unstructured":"Singh KRP, Brown AWA. Nutritional requirements of Aedes aegypti L. J Insect Physiol. 1957;1:199\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-1910(57)90036-7.","journal-title":"J Insect Physiol"},{"key":"6364_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13121267","volume":"13","author":"KK Gonzales","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gonzales KK, Hansen IA. Artificial diets for mosquitoes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13:1267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph13121267.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"6364_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17807","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-35886-3","volume":"8","author":"J Marques","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marques J, Cardoso JCR, Felix RC, Santana RAG, Guerra M, Power D, et al. Fresh-blood-free diet for rearing malaria mosquito vectors. Sci Rep. 2018;8:17807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-35886-3.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6364_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008591","volume":"14","author":"Y Kandel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kandel Y, Mitra S, Jimenez X, Rodriguez SD, Romero A, Blakely BN, et al. Long-term mosquito culture with SkitoSnack, an artificial blood meal replacement. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14:e0008591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008591.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"6364_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11023","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29415-5","volume":"8","author":"KK Gonzales","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gonzales KK, Rodriguez SD, Chung HN, Kowalski M, Vulcan J, Moore EL, et al. The effect of SkitoSnack, an artificial blood meal replacement, on Aedes aegypti life history traits and gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2018;8:11023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-29415-5.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6364_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aiip.2016.04.006","volume-title":"Progress in Malaria Research, Advances in Insect Physiology","author":"S van Tol","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Tol S, Dimopoulos G. Chapter Nine - Influences of the Mosquito Microbiota on Vector Competence. In: Raikhel AS, editor. Progress in Mosquito Research, Advances in Insect Physiology, vol. 51. Massachusetts: Academic Press; 2016. p. 243\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.aiip.2016.04.006."},{"key":"6364_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138878","volume":"316","author":"V Nene","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nene V, Wortman JR, Lawson D, Haas B, Kodira C, Tu ZJ, et al. Genome sequence of Aedes aegypti, a major arbovirus vector. Science. 2007;316:1718\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1138878.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"6364_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D707","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku1117","volume":"43","author":"GI Giraldo-Calderon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Giraldo-Calderon GI, Emrich SJ, MacCallum RM, Maslen G, Dialynas E, Topalis P, et al. VectorBase: an updated bioinformatics resource for invertebrate vectors and other organisms related with human diseases. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43:D707\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gku1117.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"6364_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1989.tb00473.x","volume":"3","author":"AM Feldmann","year":"1989","unstructured":"Feldmann AM, Ponnudurai T. Selection of Anopheles stephensi for refractoriness and susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum. Med Vet Entomol. 1989;3:41\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1989.tb00473.x.","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"6364_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-154","volume":"9","author":"G Jaramillo-Gutierrez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jaramillo-Gutierrez G, Rodrigues J, Ndikuyeze G, Povelones M, Molina-Cruz A, Barillas-Mury C. Mosquito immune responses and compatibility between Plasmodium parasites and anopheline mosquitoes. BMC Microbiol. 2009;9:154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2180-9-154.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"6364_CR43","first-page":"367","volume":"19","author":"H Kasap","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kasap H, Alptekin D, Kasap M, G\u00fczel AI, L\u00fcleyap U. Artificial bloodfeeding of Anopheles sacharovi on a membrane apparatus. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2003;19:367\u201370.","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc"},{"key":"6364_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.2987\/8756-971x(2006)22[54:Aboaso]2.0.Co;2","volume":"22","author":"H Nasirian","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nasirian H, Ladonni H. Artificial bloodfeeding of Anopheles stephensi on a membrane apparatus with human whole blood. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2006;22:54\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2987\/8756-971x(2006)22[54:Aboaso]2.0.Co;2.","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc"},{"key":"6364_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\\National Research Council. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/12910.","DOI":"10.17226\/12910"},{"key":"6364_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450400025430","volume":"34","author":"RB Williams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Williams RB. Avian malaria: clinical and chemical pathology of Plasmodium gallinaceum in the domesticated fowl Gallus gallus. Avian Pathol. 2005;34:29\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03079450400025430.","journal-title":"Avian Pathol"},{"key":"6364_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.218123.116","volume":"28","author":"U Bohme","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bohme U, Otto TD, Cotton JA, Steinbiss S, Sanders M, Oyola SO, et al. Complete avian malaria parasite genomes reveal features associated with lineage-specific evolution in birds and mammals. Genome Res. 2018;28:547\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/gr.218123.116.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"6364_CR48","first-page":"50","volume":"33","author":"T Ponnudurai","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ponnudurai T, Leeuwenberg AD, Meuwissen JH. Chloroquine sensitivity of isolates of Plasmodium falciparum adapted to in vitro culture. Trop Geogr Med. 1981;33:50\u20134.","journal-title":"Trop Geogr Med"},{"key":"6364_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1038\/294364a0","volume":"294","author":"T Ifediba","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ifediba T, Vanderberg JP. Complete in vitro maturation of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes. Nature. 1981;294:364\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/294364a0.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"6364_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-026-7_2","volume":"923","author":"KS Saliba","year":"2013","unstructured":"Saliba KS, Jacobs-Lorena M. Production of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in vitro. Methods Mol Biol. 2013;923:17\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-62703-026-7_2.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"6364_CR51","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. 2019. Available at: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"6364_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","volume":"67","author":"D Bates","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bates D, Machler M, Bolker BM, Walker SC. Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J Stat Softw. 2015;67:1\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v067.i01.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"6364_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1126\/science.142.3600.1674","volume":"142","author":"R Galun","year":"1963","unstructured":"Galun R, Avi-Dor Y, Bar-Zeev M. Feeding response in Aedes aegypti: stimulation by adenosine triphosphate. Science. 1963;142:1674\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.142.3600.1674.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"6364_CR54","unstructured":"Nelson MJ. Aedes aegypti: biology and ecology. Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C. 1986. Report No.: PNSP\/86\u201384. Available at: https:\/\/iris.paho.org\/bitstream\/handle\/10665.2\/28514\/PNSP8664_eng.pdf?sequence. Accessed 15 Nov 2023."},{"key":"6364_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-04113-x","volume":"12","author":"ER James","year":"2022","unstructured":"James ER, Wen Y, Overby J, Pluchino K, McTighe S, Matheny S, et al. Cryopreservation of Anopheles stephensi embryos. Sci Rep. 2022;12:43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-04113-x.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Parasites &amp; Vectors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-024-06364-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13071-024-06364-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13071-024-06364-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]],"date-time":"2024-07-06T13:02:33Z","timestamp":1720270953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13071-024-06364-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6364"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-024-06364-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-3305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-3305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All animal experimental procedures were performed under protocols approved by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Animal Care and Use Committee, in accordance with National Research Council\u2019s Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"290"}}