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In addition to radiation, remediation efforts and abandonment of military-industrial complexes contributed to contamination with heavy metals, organics, pesticides and other toxic chemicals. Numerous studies have evaluated the effects of this contamination on the local ecology. However, few studies have reported the effect of this contamination on vector-borne pathogens and their hosts. In this manuscript, we characterize tick-borne pathogen presence at two sample locations within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, one at the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) and another 16\u00a0km away in Chornobyl City (CC).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ticks and whole-blood samples were collected from free-breeding dogs captured at the NPP and CC. Endpoint PCR and quantitative PCR were used to identify tick species and to assess the presence of specific tick-borne pathogens, including <jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> sensu lato, <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Francisella tularensis<\/jats:italic> and general <jats:italic>Anaplasmataceae<\/jats:italic>. A droplet digital PCR assay was developed for <jats:italic>Babesia canis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic> to evaluate their presence in dogs from the two populations. Pathogen prevalences between the two sample populations were compared by calculating <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>-scores.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ticks were identified as <jats:italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009102) and <jats:italic>Dermacentor reticulatus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094). Overall, 56.9% of <jats:italic>I. ricinus<\/jats:italic> ticks were positive for at least one pathogen. A significantly higher prevalence of <jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> was found in ticks at the NPP (44.0% and 42.0%, respectively) compared to CC (23.1% and 19.2%, respectively). <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> spp<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> (including <jats:italic>B. canis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. caballi<\/jats:italic>) were detected in 8.8% ticks at similar proportions for both populations. Interestingly, we found a significantly lower level of <jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic> in dogs at the NPP (1.8%) than in dogs at CC (11.7%). In total, 24.3% of dogs were positive for <jats:italic>B. canis<\/jats:italic>, evenly distributed across the two populations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results of this study show contrasting pathogen prevalence in both ticks and dogs at the NPP and CC, which may reflect the differential exposures at the two locations. This work adds an important new component to our understanding of the consequences of prolonged exposure to environmental contamination on the wildlife and ecology within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06563-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,17]],"date-time":"2024-11-17T18:07:02Z","timestamp":1731866822000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Contrasting pathogen prevalence between tick and dog populations at Chornobyl"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Megan N.","family":"Dillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara A.","family":"Qurollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline E.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy A.","family":"Mousseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Betz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norman J.","family":"Kleiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Breen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"6563_CR1","unstructured":"United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). 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A letter of support detailing the cooperation between the Clean Futures Fund and the Chornobyl NPP was signed by the NPP acting general director V.A. Seyda and can be provided by TAM upon request. Approval for access to the exclusion zone was handled and granted by the Exclusion Zone Authority. Samples collected for this study were gathered adventitiously while animals were being treated by the medical program and as such are exempt from IACUC approval.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"BAQ receives partial salary support from IDEXX Laboratories, Inc and has been a paid consultant during the development and validation of rapid assays developed by IDEXX Laboratories for veterinary medical applications. The other authors have no competing interests to declare.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"470"}}