{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T19:10:54Z","timestamp":1791573054235,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022822","name":"Merck Animal Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022822","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To manage tick infestations and reduce tick-borne pathogen transmission risk to dogs, compliant administration of a fast-acting ectoparasiticide is necessary. Isoxazoline-containing ectoparasiticide products provide systemic whole-body coverage; however, differences in tick kill have been observed between products and these differences may be more pronounced when controlling common dose-limiting tick species such as <jats:italic>Amblyomma americanum<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Dogs were ranked by tick carrying capacity, randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups, and administered Bravecto\u00ae Chews (minimum 25\u00a0mg\/kg fluralaner), Simparica TRIO\u00ae (minimum 1.2\u00a0mg\/kg sarolaner, 24\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg moxidectin, 5\u00a0mg\/kg pyrantel), or no treatment. Dogs were infested with approximately 50 unfed adult (25 female, 25 male) <jats:italic>A.\u00a0americanum<\/jats:italic> on days \u22122, 21, 28, and 35. Live tick counts were performed at 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72\u00a0h post-treatment (day 0) and post-infestation on days 21, 28, and 35. At each tick count timepoint, product efficacy was determined by comparing geometric mean live tick counts for each product-treated group to the untreated group and a linear mixed model was used for between-group comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Compared with untreated dogs, significant control of existing <jats:italic>A.\u00a0americanum<\/jats:italic> infestations began by 8\u00a0h post-treatment (81.6%) and reached 98.0% control by 12-h for Bravecto\u00ae-treated dogs. In comparison, significant control for Simparica TRIO\u00ae-treated dogs began by 24\u00a0h post-treatment (97.7%). When reinfested on day 21, <jats:italic>A.\u00a0americanum<\/jats:italic> infestations were controlled more quickly for Bravecto\u00ae compared with Simparica TRIO\u00ae-treated dogs at 12\u00a0h (efficacy 95.3% versus 25.5%, <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;\u2009<\/jats:italic>0.001) and 24\u00a0h (efficacy 99.7% versus 70.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) post-infestation. Similarly, when reinfested on day 28, faster <jats:italic>A.\u00a0americanum<\/jats:italic> control occurred for Bravecto\u00ae compared with Simparica TRIO\u00ae-treated dogs at 12\u00a0h (efficacy 87.9% versus 18.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and at 24\u00a0h (99.2% versus 59.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) post-infestation. Finally, when reinfested on day 35, time to \u2265\u200990% efficacy was achieved by 48\u00a0h for Bravecto\u00ae-treated dogs compared with 72\u00a0h post-infestation for Simparica TRIO\u00ae-treated dogs. Both products performed within label indications and no treatment-related adverse reactions occurred during the study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:italic>Amblyomma americanum<\/jats:italic> infestations are controlled more quickly immediately upon treatment and at 21, 28, and 35\u00a0days post-treatment for Bravecto\u00ae compared with Simparica TRIO\u00ae-treated dogs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06600-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T15:55:38Z","timestamp":1742572538000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto\u00ae Chew (25\u00a0mg\/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO\u00ae (1.2\u00a0mg\/kg sarolaner, 24\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg moxidectin, 5\u00a0mg\/kg pyrantel)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Kathryn E.","family":"Reif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Dryden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothy M.","family":"Normile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian H.","family":"Herrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeba R. J.","family":"Jesudoss Chelladurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naemi P.","family":"Bickmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron J.","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mallory S.","family":"Beltz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"6600_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.48.091801.112728","volume":"48","author":"JE Childs","year":"2003","unstructured":"Childs JE, Paddock CD. The ascendancy of Amblyomma americanum as a vector of pathogens affecting humans in the United States. 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K.E.R., M.W.D., and D.M.N. were not involved in data collection. B.H.H. was masked throughout the study and was involved in data collection. D.M.N. is an employee of Merck Animal Health, Rahway, NJ, USA. J.R.J.J.C. is an Associate Editor of Parasites & Vectors. Q.K., N.P.B., C.J.S., and M.S.B. have no competing interests to declare.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"112"}}