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Many CVBDs, including dirofilariosis, anaplasmosis, and ehrlichiosis, are globally distributed and may cause a variety of clinical signs in dogs. Several CVBD agents are zoonotic, making epidemiological surveillance a joint veterinary and public health effort. In this study, we determined the seropositivity of four pathogens from dogs on Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, a US Commonwealth located in the western Pacific Ocean.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Blood samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009443) were collected from client-owned, owner surrendered, and shelter dogs that participated in an island-wide spay-and-neuter event in 2023. All samples were assessed using a commercial, point-of-care enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test (SNAP<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> 4Dx<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Plus, IDEXX Laboratory, Westbrook, Maine, USA) to detect the <jats:italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic> antigen and antibodies against <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic> spp., and <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> sensu lato. Risk factors were assessed for each pathogen through a univariate analysis, followed by a multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Overall, 66.1% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009300\/443) of the dogs tested positive for at least one pathogen, with the highest prevalence observed for <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp. (58.0%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009246\/443), followed by <jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic> spp. (43.1%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009184\/443) and <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic> (14.8%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200963\/443). Among the dogs with a single pathogen detected (30.9%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009137\/443), <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp. was most prevalent (64.9%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200989\/137), followed by <jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic> spp. (23.3%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932\/137) and <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic> (11.6%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916\/137). For co-detection of two or more pathogens (36.7%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009163\/443), <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp.\u2009+\u2009<jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic> spp. presented the highest frequency (70.5%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009115\/163), followed by <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp.\u2009+\u2009<jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic> (6.7%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200911\/163), <jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic> spp.\u2009+\u2009<jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic> (3.6%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096\/163), and <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp.\u2009+\u2009<jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic> spp.\u2009+\u2009<jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic> (19.0%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200931\/163). Age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009= &lt;\u20090.001), residing district (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), and ownership status (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009= &lt;\u20090.001) were significantly associated with <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic> positive status in a univariable analysis. Age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009= &lt;\u20090.001), residing district (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.177), and ownership status (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014) were significant in a univariable analysis with <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp. as an outcome. Finally, <jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic> spp. had a significant association with ownership status (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009= &lt;\u20090.001) as a risk factor in a univariable analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study shows high seropositivity for CVBPs in a dog population living in a poorly studied area. The results of this study suggest that strategies for the prevention and control of these CVBDs should be reinforced on the Island of Saipan.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-025-06705-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T17:15:30Z","timestamp":1740417330000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["High seroprevalence of selected vector-borne pathogens in dogs from Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Maureen A.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kris","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meriam N.","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael A. 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