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Subsequently, recombinant protein rCYP-3 was induced, purified, and employed for immunization. Following immunization, antibodies were analyzed and mite challenge was then conducted. Following a 12\u00a0h period of blood-feeding on chicks, the mites were collected to evaluate the acaricidal efficacy of the rCYP-3 vaccine.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic>Deg-CYP-3<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene was expressed across all life stages and maintained stable expression levels under both fed and starved conditions. The recombinant protein rCYP-3 was successfully expressed in\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and efficiently secreted into the culture supernatant. Immunization with rCYP-3 induced a specific IgY immune response in chicks, as confirmed by ELISA. Moreover, anti-rCYP-3 serum specifically recognized P450 proteins extracted from\n                      <jats:italic>D. gallinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , as demonstrated by Western blot analysis. Immunization resulted in an 8.1% reduction in adult mite survival (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05), whereas nymph survival decreased significantly by 22.4% (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). In addition, oviposition rate, hatching rate, and fecundity were reduced by 2.8%, 2.2%, and 22.0%, respectively, in the immunized group. Overall, vaccine efficacy was calculated to be 30.6% in immunized birds. Furthermore, the expression level of Deg-CYP-3 in mites fed on immunized hosts was significantly lower than that in mites from the unimmunized control group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our findings demonstrated that the\n                      <jats:italic>Deg-CYP-3<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene exhibits high transcriptional activity during both the adult and nymph stages of\n                      <jats:italic>D. gallinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Moreover, its expression remains consistent regardless of the feeding status of adult mites. Immunization with rCYP-3 effectively reduced mite survival, reproductive capacity, and gene expression levels, demonstrating its potential as a preventive and control strategy against\n                      <jats:italic>D. gallinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-025-07218-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T14:19:10Z","timestamp":1770646750000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In vivo evaluation of a cytochrome P450 gene from poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, as a vaccine antigen for chicks"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhonghao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junlong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yicun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuzhu","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"7218_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2020.102156","volume":"78","author":"S Fujisawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fujisawa S, Murata S, Isezaki M, Oishi E, Taneno A, Maekawa N, et\u00a0al. 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