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Within the expanding landscape of tick-borne pathogens, the\n                      <jats:italic>Orthonairovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      genus has gained particular scientific attention for its members\u2019 zoonotic capacity and clinical virulence\n                      <jats:italic>. Orthonairoviruses<\/jats:italic>\n                      are arboviruses that infect humans and animals, posing a serious threat for the spread of zoonotic diseases. Huangpi tick virus 1 (HpTV-1), a member of the genus\n                      <jats:italic>Orthonairovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , has been detected in ticks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/jats:italic>\n                      collected in 2023 from Central China were pooled for RNA-seq and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) screening. Genomes were assembled and viruses isolated in suckling mice and Vero E6. Replication kinetics, mouse pathogenesis, and 223 livestock sera were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the present study, we isolated HpTV-1 from\n                      <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in Central China. Viral genome and phylogenetic analyses placed HpTV-1 in a distinct clade close to the Songling and Tamdy viruses within the\n                      <jats:italic>Nairoviridae<\/jats:italic>\n                      family. In vitro experiments demonstrated that HpTV-1 infects a wide range of animal and human cell lines. Importantly, all infected C57BL\/6 mice survived without overt signs of severe disease while developing only minor pathological lesions in specific organs (liver, spleen, and lungs). Serological surveys revealed HpTV-1 antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies, in 16.1% of the goats, suggesting that HpTV-1 can infect livestock.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings suggest that HpTV-1 is an\n                      <jats:italic>Orthonairovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      capable of infecting animals, highlighting its potential risk and the need for enhanced surveillance and research, particularly in Central China and other endemic regions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-026-07282-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T15:06:42Z","timestamp":1773068802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isolation of Huangpi tick virus 1 and assessment of potential zoonotic relevance"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Liyan","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenxuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shouwei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuhua","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Du","family":"Fen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"7282_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jia N, Wang J, Shi W, Du L, Sun Y, Zhan W, et al. 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All animal experiments were conducted in Animal Biosafety Level 2 (ABSL-2) laboratory. The animal experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (approval no. WIVA33202102).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}],"article-number":"164"}}