{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T23:16:58Z","timestamp":1783639018542,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":66,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"The study was funded by Ceva Sant\u00e9 Animale."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasites Vectors"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Macrocyclic lactones are the only drug class currently licensed for heartworm disease prophylaxis. Macrocyclic lactones kill third- and fourth-stage larvae of the parasitic nematode\n                      <jats:italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , thus preventing the development of adult worms in dogs, which are responsible for heartworm disease, a potentially life-threatening condition. The objective of the present study was to assess the efficacy of a subcutaneous implant formulation containing ivermectin (FILAPREV\u00ae; Ceva Sant\u00e9 Animale, Libourne, France) compared to extended-release moxidectin (Guardian\u2122 SR; Elanco, Indianapolis, IN,  USA) to protect dogs against\n                      <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection during the entire transmission-risk season in Italy, starting in April and ending in November.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 114 healthy client-owned dogs were enrolled at two investigation sites located in two different regions of Italy known to be endemic for\n                      <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Lombardy and Veneto). In the spring of 2017, approximately half of the dogs from each site randomly received a single dose of FILAPREV\u00ae (ivermectin, 0.13\u00a0mg\/kg as minimum standard dose); the remaining dogs were treated with a single dose of Guardian\u2122 SR (moxidectin, 0.17\u00a0mg\/kg). Antigen and Knott\u2019s tests were performed before treatment, and subsequently at 1 week and 6, 8 and 12 months post-treatment. Clinical examination, thoracic radiography and echocardiography were conducted at the same time points.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 114 dogs enrolled in the study, 112 completed the entire study period. No adverse reactions were observed, and all dogs enrolled in the study remained heartworm-negative throughout the entire study period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A single subcutaneous administration of FILAPREV\u00ae, an implant containing ivermectin at the recommended dosage, prevents heartworm disease caused by\n                      <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in dogs for at least 8 months, covering the full seasonal period of heartworm transmission in hyperendemic regions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-026-07419-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:13:51Z","timestamp":1777972431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and safety of a sustained-release formulation of ivermectin (FILAPREV\u00ae) in preventing heartworm infection (Dirofilaria immitis) in dogs in two endemic areas of Italy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Genchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Venco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Fozzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Crippa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio N.","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Vismarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"7419_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05945-4","volume":"16","author":"M Alsarraf","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alsarraf M, Carret\u00f3n E, Ciuca L, Diakou A, Dwu\u017cnik-Szarek D, Fuehrer HP, et al. 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