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However, studies on arbovirus surveillance and mitochondrial genetic diversity of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations across broad geographic scales remain limited. This study aimed to assess the detection of\u00a0DENV and CHIKV and\u00a0characterize the mitochondrial genetic diversity of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      across multiple regions of Thailand.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 303 adult\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      mosquitoes collected from eight provinces across five geographic regions of Thailand were screened for DENV and CHIKV RNA. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (\n                      <jats:italic>COI<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) genetic diversity was assessed using haplotype network analysis and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CHIKV RNA was detected in 51 mosquitoes (16.8%) from four provinces, with the highest detection rates observed in Prachuap Khiri Khan and Bangkok. DENV RNA was not detected in any sample.\n                      <jats:italic>COI<\/jats:italic>\n                      analysis revealed moderate to high mitochondrial haplotype diversity and geographic variation in haplotype distribution among populations. Both widely shared and province-specific haplotypes were identified. AMOVA indicated that most genetic variation occurred within populations (93.19%), with significant\u00a0genetic differentiation among populations (\u03a6ST\u2009=\u20090.068,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CHIKV RNA was detected in\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations from multiple regions of Thailand, whereas DENV RNA was not detected. Mitochondrial\n                      <jats:italic>COI<\/jats:italic>\n                      analysis revealed substantial haplotype diversity and geographic variation among populations. These findings contribute to current knowledge of arbovirus occurrence and mosquito genetic diversity in Thailand and provide a foundation for future vector surveillance studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-026-07539-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:44:15Z","timestamp":1782233055000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A descriptive assessment of mitochondrial COI genetic diversity and dengue and chikungunya RNA detection in Aedes aegypti across eight provinces in Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Padet","family":"Siriyasatien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Proawpilart","family":"Intayot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rungfar","family":"Boonserm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinnara","family":"Ampol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nataya","family":"Sutthanont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nutticha","family":"Silakom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charuai","family":"Suwanbamrung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Schmidt-Chanasit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8243-7406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atchara","family":"Phumee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"7539_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/jvec.12277","volume":"43","author":"AN Clements","year":"2018","unstructured":"Clements AN, Harbach RE. 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Ethical approval was granted by the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand (Approval Nos. 020\/2563 and 021\/2563). All experimental procedures requiring biosafety clearance were approved by the Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) of the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand (Approval Nos. MDCU-IBC018\/2020 and MDCU-IBC019\/2020). The study did not involve human participants; therefore, informed consent was not required.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The manuscript does not include data or material requiring consent for publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"384"}}