{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T02:49:54Z","timestamp":1793155794350,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]],"date-time":"2015-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434499200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]],"date-time":"2015-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Type 17\u00a0T helper cells and interleukin (IL)-17 play important roles in the pathogenesis of human and murine arthritis. Although there is a clear link between IL-17 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the inflammatory cascade, details about their interaction in arthritic synovial joints are unclear. In view of the introduction of GM-CSF and IL-17 inhibitors to the clinic, we studied how IL-17 and GM-CSF orchestrate the local production of inflammatory mediators during experimental arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>To allow detection of additive, complementary or synergistic effects of IL-17 and GM-CSF, we used two opposing experimental approaches: treatment of arthritic mice with neutralising antibodies to IL-17 and GM-CSF and local overexpression of these cytokines in naive synovial joints. Mice were treated for 2\u00a0weeks with antibodies against IL-17 and\/or GM-CSF after onset of collagen-induced arthritis. Naive mice were injected intraarticularly with adenoviral vectors for IL-17 and\/or GM-CSF, resulting in local overexpression. Joint inflammation was monitored by macroscopic scoring, X-rays and histology. Joint washouts, synovial cell and lymph node cultures were analysed for cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory mediators by Luminex analysis, flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Combined therapeutic anti-IL-17 and anti-GM-CSF ameliorated arthritis progression, and joint damage was dramatically reduced compared with treatment with anti-IL-17 or anti-GM-CSF alone. Anti-IL-17 specifically reduced synovial IL-23 transcription, whereas anti-GM-CSF reduced transcription of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and receptor activator of nuclear factor \u03baB ligand (RANKL). Overexpression of IL-17 or GM-CSF in naive knee joints elicited extensive inflammatory infiltrate, cartilage damage and bone destruction. Combined overexpression revealed additive and synergistic effects on the production of MMPs, RANKL and IL-23 in the synovium and led to complete destruction of the joint structure within 7\u00a0days.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>IL-17 and GM-CSF differentially mediate the inflammatory process in arthritic joints and show complementary and local additive effects. Combined blockade in arthritic mice reduced joint damage not only by direct inhibition of IL-17 and GM-CSF but also by indirect inhibition of IL-23 and RANKL. Our results provide a rationale for combination therapy in autoinflammatory conditions, especially for patients who do not fully respond to inhibition of the separate cytokines.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0683-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]],"date-time":"2015-06-15T19:29:43Z","timestamp":1434396583000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Complementary action of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-17A induces interleukin-23, receptor activator of nuclear factor-\u03baB ligand, and matrix metalloproteinases and drives bone and cartilage pathology in experimental arthritis: rationale for combination therapy in rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Annemarie E. M.","family":"van Nieuwenhuijze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fons A.","family":"van de Loo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitte","family":"Walgreen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Bennink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Helsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liduine","family":"van den Bersselaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian P.","family":"Wicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim B.","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marije I.","family":"Koenders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"683_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60826-4","volume":"376","author":"DL Scott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scott DL, Wolfe F, Huizinga TW. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 2010;376:1094\u2013108.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"683_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2803","volume":"11","author":"WB van den Berg","year":"2009","unstructured":"van den Berg WB. Lessons from animal models of arthritis over the past decade. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11:250.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"683_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31720","volume":"117","author":"I Gutcher","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gutcher I, Becher B. APC-derived cytokines and T cell polarization in autoimmune inflammation. J Clin Invest. 2007;117:1119\u201327.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"683_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-013-0035-4","volume":"27","author":"DM Roeleveld","year":"2013","unstructured":"Roeleveld DM, van Nieuwenhuijze AEM, van den Berg WB, Koenders MI. The Th17 pathway as a therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. BioDrugs. 2013;27:439\u201352.","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"683_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1254","volume":"6","author":"LE Harrington","year":"2005","unstructured":"Harrington LE, Hatton RD, Mangan PR, Turner H, Murphy TL, Murphy KM, et al. Interleukin 17\u2013producing CD4+ effector T cells develop via a lineage distinct from the T helper type 1 and 2 lineages. Nat Immunol. 2005;6:1123\u201332.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1261","volume":"6","author":"H Park","year":"2005","unstructured":"Park H, Li Z, Yang XO, Chang SH, Nurieva R, Wang YH, et al. A distinct lineage of CD4 T cells regulates tissue inflammation by producing interleukin 17. Nat Immunol. 2005;6:1133\u201341.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041257","volume":"201","author":"CL Langrish","year":"2005","unstructured":"Langrish CL. IL-23 drives a pathogenic T cell population that induces autoimmune inflammation. J Exp Med. 2005;201:233\u201340.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"683_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3720","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24075","volume":"58","author":"PJ Egan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Egan PJ, Van Nieuwenhuijze A, Campbell IK, Wicks IP. Promotion of the local differentiation of murine Th17 cells by synovial macrophages during acute inflammatory arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58:3720\u20139.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030896","volume":"198","author":"CA Murphy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Murphy CA. Divergent pro- and antiinflammatory roles for IL-23 and IL-12 in joint autoimmune inflammation. J Exp Med. 2003;198:1951\u20137.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"683_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199905)42:5<963::AID-ANR15>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"42","author":"M Chabaud","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chabaud M, Durand JM, Buchs N, Fossiez F, Page G, Frappart L, et al. Human interleukin-17: a T cell-derived proinflammatory cytokine produced by the rheumatoid synovium. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42:963\u201370.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.2.1004","volume":"167","author":"E Lubberts","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lubberts E, Joosten LA, Oppers B, van den Bersselaar L, Coenen-de Roo CJ, Kolls JK, et al. IL-1-independent role of IL-17 in synovial inflammation and joint destruction during collagen-induced arthritis. J Immunol. 2001;167:1004\u201313.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20001","volume":"50","author":"E Lubberts","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lubberts E, Koenders MI, Oppers-Walgreen B, van den Bersselaar L, Coenen-de Roo CJJ, Joosten LAB, et al. Treatment with a neutralizing anti-murine interleukin-17 antibody after the onset of collagen-induced arthritis reduces joint inflammation, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50:650\u20139.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3239","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21342","volume":"52","author":"MI Koenders","year":"2005","unstructured":"Koenders MI, Kolls JK, Oppers-Walgreen B, van den Bersselaar L, Joosten LAB, Schurr JR, et al. Interleukin-17 receptor deficiency results in impaired synovial expression of interleukin-1 and matrix metalloproteinases 3, 9, and 13 and prevents cartilage destruction during chronic reactivated streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52:3239\u201347.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1698","volume":"10","author":"MJ McGeachy","year":"2009","unstructured":"McGeachy MJ, Chen Y, Tato CM, Laurence A, Joyce-Shaikh B, Blumenschein WM, et al. The interleukin 23 receptor is essential for the terminal differentiation of interleukin 17\u2013producing effector T helper cells in vivo. Nat Immunol. 2009;10:314\u201324.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09447","volume":"467","author":"K Ghoreschi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ghoreschi K, Laurence A, Yang XP, Tato CM, McGeachy MJ, Konkel JE, et al. Generation of pathogenic TH17 cells in the absence of TGF-\u03b2 signalling. Nature. 2010;467:967\u201371.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"683_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2027","volume":"12","author":"L Codarri","year":"2011","unstructured":"Codarri L, Gy\u00fclv\u00e9szi G, Tosevski V, Hesske L, Fontana A, Magnenat L, et al. ROR\u03b3t drives production of the cytokine GM-CSF in helper T cells, which is essential for the effector phase of autoimmune neuroinflammation. Nat Immunol. 2011;12:560\u20137.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2031","volume":"12","author":"M El-Behi","year":"2011","unstructured":"El-Behi M, Ciric B, Dai H, Yan Y, Cullimore M, Safavi F, et al. The encephalitogenicity of TH17 cells is dependent on IL-1- and IL-23-induced production of the cytokine GM-CSF. Nat Immunol. 2011;12:568\u201375.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3897","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1114153109","volume":"109","author":"K Poppensieker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poppensieker K, Otte DM, Sch\u00fcrmann B, Limmer A, Dresing P, Drews E, et al. CC chemokine receptor 4 is required for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by regulating GM-CSF and IL-23 production in dendritic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:3897\u2013902.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"683_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3639","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.7.3639","volume":"161","author":"IK Campbell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Campbell IK, Rich MJ, Bischof RJ, Dunn AR, Grail D, Hamilton JA. Protection from collagen-induced arthritis in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-deficient mice. J Immunol. 1998;161:3639\u201344.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.7.873","volume":"194","author":"JL McQualter","year":"2001","unstructured":"McQualter JL, Darwiche R, Ewing C, Onuki M, Kay TW, Hamilton JA, et al. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor: a new putative therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis. J Exp Med. 2001;194:873\u201382.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"683_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20071119","volume":"205","author":"I Sonderegger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sonderegger I, Iezzi G, Maier R, Schmitz N, Kurrer M, Kopf M. GM-CSF mediates autoimmunity by enhancing IL-6-dependent Th17 cell development and survival. J Exp Med. 2008;205:2281\u201394.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"683_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38647","volume":"66","author":"C Piper","year":"2014","unstructured":"Piper C, Pesenacker AM, Bending D, Thirugnanabalan B, Varsani H, Wedderburn LR, et al. T cell expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in juvenile arthritis is contingent upon Th17 plasticity. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014;66:1955\u201360.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"683_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5468","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002923","volume":"186","author":"IK Campbell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Campbell IK, van Nieuwenhuijze A, Segura E, O\u2019Donnell K, Coghill E, Hommel M, et al. Differentiation of inflammatory dendritic cells is mediated by NF-\u03baB1\u2013dependent GM-CSF production in CD4 T cells. J Immunol. 2011;186:5468\u201377.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.09.014","volume":"184","author":"AE van Nieuwenhuijze","year":"2014","unstructured":"van Nieuwenhuijze AE, Coghill E, Gray D, Prato S, Metcalf D, Alexander WS, et al. Transgenic expression of GM-CSF in T cells causes disseminated histiocytosis. Am J Pathol. 2014;184:184\u201399.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"683_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400209","volume":"40","author":"LA Joosten","year":"1997","unstructured":"Joosten LA, Lubberts E, Durez P, Helsen MM, Jacobs MJ, Goldman M, et al. Role of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 in murine collagen-induced arthritis: protective effect of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 treatment on cartilage destruction. Arthritis Rheum. 1997;40:249\u201360.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3302182","volume":"11","author":"FAJ van de Loo","year":"2004","unstructured":"van de Loo FAJ, de Hooge ASK, Smeets RL, Bakker AC, Bennink MB, Arntz OJ, et al. An inflammation-inducible adenoviral expression system for local treatment of the arthritic joint. Gene Ther. 2004;11:581\u201390.","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"683_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI16156","volume":"111","author":"PJ Egan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Egan PJ, Lawlor KE, Alexander WS, Wicks IP. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 regulates acute inflammatory arthritis and T cell activation. J Clin Invest. 2003;111:915\u201324.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"683_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21537","volume":"54","author":"PKK Wong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wong PKK, Quinn JMW, Sims NA, van Nieuwenhuijze A, Campbell IK, Wicks IP. Interleukin-6 modulates production of T lymphocyte\u2013derived cytokines in antigen-induced arthritis and drives inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:158\u201368.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30418","volume":"63","author":"MI Koenders","year":"2011","unstructured":"Koenders MI, Marijnissen RJ, Devesa I, Lubberts E, Joosten LAB, Roth J, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-interleukin-17 interplay induces S100A8, interleukin-1\u03b2, and matrix metalloproteinases, and drives irreversible cartilage destruction in murine arthritis: rationale for combination treatment during arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:2329\u201339.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390513","volume":"39","author":"LA Joosten","year":"1996","unstructured":"Joosten LA, Helsen MM, van de Loo FA, van den Berg WB. Anticytokine treatment of established type II collagen-induced arthritis in DBA\/1 mice: a comparative study using anti-TNF\u03b1, anti-IL-1\u03b1\/\u03b2, and IL-1Ra. Arthritis Rheum. 1996;39:797\u2013809.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202450","volume":"72","author":"GR Burmester","year":"2013","unstructured":"Burmester GR, Weinblatt ME, McInnes IB, Porter D, Barbarash O, Vatutin M, et al. Efficacy and safety of mavrilimumab in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72:1445\u201352.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"683_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2094","volume":"7","author":"IB McInnes","year":"2007","unstructured":"McInnes IB, Schett G. Cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Immunol. 2007;7:429\u201342.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.077800","volume":"67","author":"PLEM van Lent","year":"2008","unstructured":"van Lent PLEM, Grevers L, Blom AB, Sloetjes A, Mort JS, Vogl T, et al. Myeloid-related proteins S100A8\/S100A9 regulate joint inflammation and cartilage destruction during antigen-induced arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67:1750\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"683_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3749","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21495","volume":"52","author":"KE Lawlor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lawlor KE, Wong PKK, Campbell IK, Rooijen NV, Wicks IP. Acute CD4+ T lymphocyte-dependent interleukin-1-driven arthritis selectively requires interleukin-2 and interleukin-4, joint macrophages, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-6, and leukemia inhibitory factor. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52:3749\u201354.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3461","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23957","volume":"58","author":"MI Koenders","year":"2008","unstructured":"Koenders MI, Devesa I, Marijnissen RJ, Abdollahi-Roodsaz S, Boots AMH, Walgreen B, et al. Interleukin-1 drives pathogenic Th17 cells during spontaneous arthritis in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist-deficient mice. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58:3461\u201370.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"683_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-12-164004","volume":"114","author":"TR Hercus","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hercus TR, Thomas D, Guthridge MA, Ekert PG, King-Scott J, Parker MW, et al. The granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor: linking its structure to cell signaling and its role in disease. Blood. 2009;114:1289\u201398.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"683_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2009.03240.x","volume":"129","author":"RM Onishi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Onishi RM, Gaffen SL. Interleukin-17 and its target genes: mechanisms of interleukin-17 function in disease. Immunology. 2010;129:311\u201321.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"683_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.085431","volume":"68","author":"C Plater-Zyberk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Plater-Zyberk C, Joosten LAB, Helsen MMA, Koenders MI, Baeuerle PA, van den Berg WB. Combined blockade of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin 17 pathways potently suppresses chronic destructive arthritis in a tumour necrosis factor \u03b1-independent mouse model. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:721\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"683_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.2000.0681","volume":"12","author":"M Chabaud","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chabaud M, Garnero P, Dayer JM, Guerne PA, Fossiez F, Miossec P. Contribution of interleukin 17 to synovium matrix destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Cytokine. 2000;12:1092\u20139.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"683_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3513","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.7.3513","volume":"160","author":"DV Jovanovic","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jovanovic DV, Di Battista JA, Martel-Pelletier J, Jolicoeur FC, He Y, Zhang M, et al. IL-17 stimulates the production and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1, by human macrophages. J Immunol. 1998;160:3513\u201321.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6015","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.10.6015","volume":"167","author":"M Chabaud","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chabaud M, Page G, Miossec P. Enhancing effect of IL-1, IL-17, and TNF-\u03b1 on macrophage inflammatory protein-3\u03b1 production in rheumatoid arthritis: regulation by soluble receptors and Th2 cytokines. J Immunol. 2001;167:6015\u201320.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.1.1","volume":"156","author":"EJ Goetzl","year":"1996","unstructured":"Goetzl EJ, Banda MJ, Leppert D. Matrix metalloproteinases in immunity. J Immunol. 1996;156:1\u20134.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1080\/08977190412331279881","volume":"22","author":"JA Hamilton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hamilton JA, Anderson GP. GM-CSF biology. Growth Factors. 2004;22:225\u201331.","journal-title":"Growth Factors"},{"key":"683_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.205","volume":"9","author":"TJ Kenna","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kenna TJ, Brown MA. The role of IL-17-secreting mast cells in inflammatory joint disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2013;9:375\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"683_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2013.05.002","volume":"56","author":"A van Nieuwenhuijze","year":"2013","unstructured":"van Nieuwenhuijze A, Koenders M, Roeleveld D, Sleeman MA, van den Berg W, Wicks IP. GM-CSF as a therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases. Mol Immunol. 2013;56:675\u201382.","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.03.044","volume":"181","author":"MS Maddur","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maddur MS, Miossec P, Kaveri SV, Bayry J. Th17 cells: biology, pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and therapeutic strategies. Am J Pathol. 2012;181:8\u201318.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"683_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.01183.x","volume":"162","author":"J Campbell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Campbell J, Lowe D, Sleeman MA. Developing the next generation of monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Pharmacol. 2011;162:1470\u201384.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-015-0683-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13075-015-0683-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-015-0683-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13075-015-0683-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T16:05:48Z","timestamp":1728921948000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13075-015-0683-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-015-0683-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-6354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 February 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 June 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"163"}}